Child-and-adult-labour-in-the-export-oriented-garment-and-gem-polishing-industry-of-India

More documents

Recommendations

Info

150 Conclusions ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── (on solutions to the problem of child labour in the hosiery export industry of Tirupur and the gem polishing export industry of Jaipur) 12. The combination of work and a few hours of education per day, is not a solution to end child labour and improve the quality of their life; after a day of hard work children are too tired to concentrate in school. The making of homework is disrupted because children, especially girls, are also needed to help in the household and to take care of siblings. This has been observed in Tirupur where children were found working in the export-oriented garment industry and combined this work with non-formal education in the evening. 13. The Government's action plan to eliminate child labour from the gem polishing industry in Jaipur, has proved to be unrealistic and cannot function as a model to eliminate children from other industries or areas. The scope of the action plan, implemented by 20 special school and 50 non-formal education centres, is too limited. Out of 15,000 child labourers, only 1,000 children under 14 years of age could be weaned from the industry through the 20 special schools. The 50 non-formal education centres which are supposed to give non-formal education every day to around 1,500 child labourers next to their work in the industry, are irregularly attended by the child labourers and lack motivated teachers. Thus, 1,000 children are covered by the programme and around 1,500 child labourers get some non-formal education, but around 12,500 child labourers do not get any form of protection since also the Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act and other legislation have been hardly enforced. Parents got upset because only one child in a family (with often 5 to 9 children) could be admitted in a special school and the parents had to buy food and school items which were supposed to be provided by the schools. It is not known how many child labourers in Jaipur are completely illiterate and how many combine work in the gem industry with going to a government or private school; no census has been held to make an estimate of the number of child labourers in the gem polishing industry in Jaipur. Further, lack of involvement of the local community, parents and teachers in the decision making and implementation of the special school, inadequate funds and the absence of a promised awareness-raising programme and income-generating projects for poor parents of working children, are the main factors why the schools did not achieve their aims; children were still found working in the industry after school hours. Whatever may be the programme to eliminate children from the industry, or to improve school enrolment, if the local community, NGOs, parents and teachers are not involved in decision making and implementation, the programme will fail. (on child labour in general) Child labour in India will continue as long as: - the primary education system is not compulsory, not free and inadequate; - the parents lack sufficient income, do not see the relevance of education due to the non-
Conclusions ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── existence of good education possibilities, and are not aware of the negative aspects of child labour; - the Government does not declare a total ban on all kinds of child labour, instead of prohibiting them in only a few hazardous occupations and processes; and, last but not least, - the law enforcement and controlling machinery is inadequate. If so, - children will keep on dropping out of schools; - parents will keep on sending their children to work, and, - employers will keep on employing children in all kinds of professions and exploiting them while violating the laws, for which crime nobody is punished. 151
Page 1 and 2:
Child and adult labour in the expor
Page 3 and 4:
iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The present re
Page 5 and 6:
v CONTENTS Acknowledgements .......
Page 7 and 8:
6.6.2 Legislation related to child
Page 9:
INTRODUCTION
Page 14 and 15:
4 Introduction ──────
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 29 and 30:
PART I Chapter 1 EUROPEAN AND INDIA
Page 31:
Measures and initiatives in Europe
Page 34 and 35:
22 Indian regulations and initiativ
Page 36 and 37:
24 Indian regulations and initiativ
Page 39:
PART II THE RESEARCH - CHILD AND AD
Page 42 and 43:
30 The garment export industry of I
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Arranging the clothes at high speed
Page 52 and 53:
40 Child and adult labour in the ga
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
76 Adult labour in the garment expo
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
88 The gem polishing export industr
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
94 Child and adult labour in the ge
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113: 100 Child and adult labour in the g
Page 148 and 149: 136 Bonded child labour in the synt
Page 159 and 160: PART III CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDA
Page 161: Conclusions ───────
Page 166 and 167: 154 Recommendations ─────
Page 171 and 172: LITERATURE ════════
Page 173 and 174: Literature ────────
Page 175 and 176: Literature ────────
Page 177: APPENDICES
Page 182 and 183: 166 Appendix 1 Research questions a
Page 184 and 185: 168 Appendix 1 Research questions a
Page 186 and 187: 170 Appendix 2 Child Labour (Prohib
Page 192 and 193: Appendix 4 The Fair Trade Charter f
show all

Child-and-adult-labour-in-the-export-oriented-garment-and-gem-polishing-industry-of-India

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?