The art and architecture of India - Buddhist, Hindu, Jain (Art Ebook)

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CEYLON366•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAour illustration shows, more picturesquely andappropriately located in a grove at Anuradhapura- is a perfect example of the type [294].Although some seated Buddhas from Anuradhapuraare related to Later Andhra models,the Indian prototype for this statue is to besought in such Kushan images as the Buddhafrom Katra [98]. We note the same herculeanphysical proportions and the complete revelationof the form by the sheath-like mantle.In this later aspect and the employment of thesnail-shell curls the Anuradhapura imageapproaches some of the masterpieces of theGupta Period at Sarnath, although, probably,it is to be dated no later than the third centurya.d. In few other representations of the Buddhain yoga trance do we get such a sense of thecomplete self-absorption and serenity of theEnlightened One. This impression of the perfectembodiment of the idea of samddht isconveyed through the very simplicity of theconception; the perfect material equilibrium ofthe figure connotes the perfect mental stateof Sakyamuni through the massive stability ofthe triangular base formed by the locked legs,surmounted by the erect columnar body whichsupports the perfectly impassive mask-like face.It is important for us to examine in connexionwith these Buddha images the method of manufacturingstatues in modern Ceylon, a techniquewhich is very probably of great antiquity.According to Coomaraswamy, 19 the icon ismade as one would expect, according to thetraditional proportions of five thalams to thetotal height of the seated figure. For the actualcarving of the image from the block of stone, thesculptor employs a kind of pointing machine orlamba tatuwa, a wooden frame from whichplumb lines are suspended to indicate theexact amount of cutting necessary at variouspoints to disengage such features as the tip ofthe nose, the ears, shoulders, etc. The diagramsof the frame itself and the suspension of the
294- Anuradhapura, seated BuddhaI *Ar
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The Pelican History of Art!The Art
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THE PELICAN HISTOR Y OF ARTJoint Ed
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Penguin Books Ltd, Harmondsworth, M
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This edition is based on the first
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CONTENTSPart Four :The Golden Age a
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10PRONUNCIATION OF INDIAN WORDSSans
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12 ' GLOSSARYin number, from the pa
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'4 GLOSSARYSathsdra. The unending c
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R1 'BflctnaUKashgar#Ki^ ShorchuoTu^
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THE ART AXD ARCHITECTURE OT IXDIA
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22 PREHISTORIC AND EPIC PERIODS•S
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*4 PREHISTORIC AND EPIC PERIODScont
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26 PREHISTORIC AND EPIC PERIODS•c
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28 PREHISTORIC AND EPIC PERIODS•'
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CHAPTER 2i'<\\3THE PROTO-HISTORIC P
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33i. Mohenjo-daroSumer and Babylon.
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THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION 35The
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THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION 37pla
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THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION 39The
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THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATIONmariti
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.CHAPTER 3v^>THE EPIC PERIOD:VEDIC
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VEDIC AND PRE-MAURYA CIVILIZATIONS
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VEDIC AND PRE-MAURYA CIVILIZATIONS
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PREHISTORIC50•AND EPIC PERIODSby
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52 PREHISTORIC AND EPIC PERIODS•i
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PREHISTORIC54"AND EPIC PERIODS- the
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;56 PREHISTORIC AND EPIC PERIODS•
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58 PREHISTORIC AND EPIC PERIODSof a
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60 THE EARLY CLASSIC PERIODS•yaks
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1 6. Pataliputra, Maurya Palace17.
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*4 THE EARLY CLASSIC PERIODSrooms o
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%»';**$;?»'imtie 4. V ?*«]£***
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20. Lion capital from Sarnath. *>>S
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THE EARLY CLASSIC PERIODSwestern fr
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72 THE EARLY CLASSIC PERIODS•devi
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25. Yaksha from Patna.Calcutta, Ind
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CHAPTER 6i ^c\ \»THE SUNGA PERIOD
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THE SUNGA PERIOD 79mortal body of t
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*29. Yakshi (Chulakoka Devata) from
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THE SUNGA PERIOD 83more than the su
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THE SUNGA PERIOD 8532. Sanchi, Stup
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THE88•EARLY CLASSIC PERIODSSanchi
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goTHE EARLY CLASSIC PERIODSevery at
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92 THE EARLY CLASSIC PERIODSsculpto
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CHAPTER 7 & 6<\\\*\THE EARLY ANDHRA
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THE EARLY ANDHRA PERIOD 97represent
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. . (these) . . . imagesTHE EARLY A
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THE EARLY ANDHRA PERIODIOI46. Sanch
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47- Sanchi, east gate^The Conversio
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THE EARLY ANDHRA PERIOD 05)A »' I
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:io 7ment in nature, hostile or fri
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** 3^*^i*M H56. Ivory plaquefrom Be
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CHAPTER 81116^THE ROCK-CUT SANCTUAR
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EARLY BUDDHIST ROCK-CUT SANCTUARIES
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62. Karli, chaitya-hall,
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:EARLY BUDDHIST ROCK-CUT SANCTUARIE
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ROMANO-INDIAN122•ARThad forced Al
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.124 ROMANO-INDIAN ARTAlthough coin
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ROMANO-INDIAN;126•ARTmerlon crene
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ROMANO-INDIAN.128 •ARTbe dated in
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130 ROMANO-INDIAN ART•Japan. 16 I
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ROMANO-INDIAN132•ARTsame as had b
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ROMANO-INDIAN134'ARTfigures emergin
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136 ROMANO-INDIAN ART•archaeology
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138 ROMANO-INDIAN ART•one time su
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8i. AH Masjid stupa, Khyber Pass
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ROMANO-INDIAN142•ARTfrom the mini
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144 ROMANO-INDIAN ART'None of these
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146 ROMANO-INDIAN ART•89. Gold am
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148 ROMANO-INDIAN ART•94. Pancika
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ROMANO-INDIANIsO •ART95. Wima Kad
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ART UNDER THE KUSHANS: MATHURA 153t
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%(\\A
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ART UNDER THE KISHANS: MATHIRAgjffl
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ART UNDER THE KUSHANS: MATHURA 59re
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successors, was uncovered a great t
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ART UNDER THE KUSHANS: MATHURA 63En
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;CHAPTER I I(,joltf jfAFGHANISTAN:
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i io. Wntinous' from Hadda. (uParis
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1 12. Head of Devata from near Pesh
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AFGHANISTANIT'War. The monasteries
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AFGHANISTAN 173*$ w116. Bamivan, la
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1 19. Bamiyan, painting of sun godo
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AFGHANISTAN 177the entire scheme wa
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AFGHANISTAN [79Bamiyan is like the
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124- Bodhisattva from Fondukistan.K
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CHAPTER 12BUDDHIST ART IN TURKESTAN
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BUDDHIST ART IN TURKESTAN [87of thi
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i8 9129. Buddhist relief from Tumsh
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BUDDHIST ART IN TURKESTAN I9 ]sanct
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133- Two divinities from Kizil.Berl
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134 Buddha from Bezeklik.Berlin, Mu
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BUDDHIST ART IN TURKESTAN 197The ru
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CHAPTER 13THE ART OF KASHMIRsW?The
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Iiiisiiiiiiiiil m m1riitiiiiiiiiUni
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.THE ART OF KASHMIR 203On each of t
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THE ART OF KASHMIRHadda. The heads
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;208 THE GOLDEN AGE AND END OF BUDD
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THE210•GOLDEN AGE AND END OF BUDD
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212 THE GOLDEN AGE AND END OF BUDDH
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THE214'GOLDEN AGE AND END OF BUDDHI
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THE2l6•GOLDEN AGE AND END OF BUDD
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2l8THE GOLDEN AGE AND END OF BUDDHI
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THE220•GOLDEN AGE AND END OF BUDD
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THE224"GOLDEN AGE AND END OF BUDDHI
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163. Deogarh, Vishnu temple, doorwa
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234172. Buddha preaching the First
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174- Scenes from the Life of Buddha
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m**ii*\**i*mmnit,m*i*n*******h*m**m
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26lthe fifth and sixth centuries; i
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INDIA, NEPAL, AND TIBET 263vincial
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INDIA, NEPAL, AND TIBET 265in the i
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INDIA, NEPAL, AND TIBET 267203. Tar
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269206. Banner of Avalokitesvara fr
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INDIA, NEPAL, AND TIBET 271royalty.
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THE274'HINDU RENAISSANCEof types of
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THE276•HINDU RENAISSANCEsources m
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2 7 8 THE HINDU RENAISSANCEin each
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280 THE HINDU RENAISSANCE•convex
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:282 THE HINDU RENAISSANCE•masonr
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219. Konaraka, Surya temple,detail
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22i. Konaraka, Surya temple, Surya
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222. Khajuraho, Kandariya Mahadeo t
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;290 THE HINDU RENAISSANCE•toweri
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292 THE HINDU RENAISSANCE•or kala
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294^anaoooo^rz^rczcr^Ssoo^^gy:226.
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. . but296 THE HINDU RENAISSANCE•
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298 THE HINDU RENAISSANCE•-A231.
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300 THE HINDU RENAISSANCEhas been r
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;302/Here is an art inspired by the
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THE PERIOD OF THE HINDU DYNASTIES 3
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o 5 10241. Ellura, Kailasanath temp
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243- Ellura, Kailasanath temple,Rav
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Page 319 and 320: 247- Tanjore, Rajrajesvara temple
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Page 325 and 326: 251. -Madura, Great TempleThese imm
Page 331 and 332: CHAPTERISOUTH INDIAN BRONZESThe ear
Page 333 and 334: faSOUTH INDIAN BRONZES 329257. Bron
Page 335 and 336: 260. Bronze Nataraja from Polonnaru
Page 337 and 338: SOUTH INDIAN BRONZES 333in Hindu sa
Page 339 and 340: 3UUIM lfNUlAIN BKUINitSSSbNot a sin
Page 341: 269. Andhra textile from the Kalaha
Page 345 and 346: CHAPTER 19PAINTING OF THE PERIOD OF
Page 347 and 348: WALL-PAINTINGS AND MINIATURES 343Ma
Page 349 and 350: WALL-PAINTINGS AND MINIATURES 345Th
Page 351 and 352: 279- Krishna and his Beloved in the
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Page 358 and 359: 354 THE HINDU RENAISSANCE'Krishna.
Page 360 and 361: I286. The Night of Storm from Garwh
Page 363 and 364: PART SIXINDIAN ART IN CEYLON AND SO
Page 365 and 366: 361288. Anuradhapura, Thuparama dag
Page 367 and 368: CEYLON 363>originally covered with
Page 369: zqz. Bronze Buddha from Dong DiHano
Page 373 and 374: CEYLON 369cords in front of an actu
Page 375 and 376: CEYLON•371by a sort of urna on th
Page 377 and 378: CEYLON•373301. Polonnaruwa, Parak
Page 379 and 380: CEYLON•375in spite of its great s
Page 381 and 382: \ob. Polonnaruwa, Wata-da-ge*>*
Page 383 and 384: CEYLON •379The exterior of this l
Page 385 and 386: J8i311. Bronze Sundaramurtiswami fr
Page 387: CEYLON •383Singhalese ivories, ev
Page 390 and 391: 386 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA•an
Page 392 and 393: 388 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA•sc
Page 394 and 395: 390320. Harihara from Prasat Andet.
Page 396 and 397: CEYLON392•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAwarf
Page 398 and 399: 323. Angkor, Yasodharapura and Angk
Page 400 and 401: CEYLON396'AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAThis e
Page 402 and 403: 329. Angkor Wat
Page 404 and 405: 33i- Angkor Wat
Page 406 and 407: 402 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA•em
Page 408 and 409: 404 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAWhen
Page 410 and 411: CEYLON406•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAarch
Page 412 and 413: 408 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA•re
Page 414 and 415: 410 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAof th
Page 416 and 417: 412 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA•pa
Page 418 and 419: . *346. Angkor Thorn, Neak Pean" 'Z
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-CEYLON14l6 •AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAt
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4l8 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA•th
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420 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAdebac
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CHAPTER 22ART AND ARCHITECTURE IN S
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•SIAM 425more often than not too
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•SIAM 427One of the great masterp
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361. Head of Buddha from SiamBoston
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SI AM •43:and later a Burmese sty
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SIAM 433Lamp'un, erected by the Mon
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435elaborately carved barge-boards
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37i- Pottery amphora from Lopburi.B
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544© CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAthe
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442 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA•te
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CEYLON444*AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAMuseum
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446 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAmask-
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CEYLONthe448•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAK
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450 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAof gr
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CEYLON452•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA385.
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CEYLON454'AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAto the
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456 CEYLON AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAin th
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CEYLON458•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAfrom
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CEYLON:.460•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAha
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CEYLON462•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAKhme
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CEYLON464•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAof t
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CEYLON:466•AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAnot
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NOTESBold numbers indicate page ref
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47isentient beings'. (See Ramaprasa
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473capital" so often found in moder
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47513. It has been suggested that t
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477172. 1 6. We have already seen h
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479237- 6. In the life of Hsiian-ts
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4 8isculptor, there exists an image
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4«3Singhalese scholars the moon st
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4»543i- 3- H. G. Quaritch Wales, T
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The4 8 7Frederic, L. L'Inde, Ses Te
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4 8 9barthouxj. Les Fouilles de Had
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49iGROSLIER, B. P. Angkor: Hommes e
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493LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONSThe locatio
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;I:):)- s89. Gold amulet boxes from
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):-. e_- r.- -. _:- -\ rr :):&-"xrn
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499298. Anuradhapura, Isurumuniya V
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:INDEXNames and other matters in th
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503Buddha, 53 ff., 77-9, 88-9, 47i(
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505Guru, 52Gwalior, 227, 239, 240,
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507London, India Office Library, 34
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1509Peshawar, Archaeological Museum
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5iiSudhana, 455Sukhodaya, 436Suk'ot
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-The Pelican History of ArtISBN 14
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