a-practical-kurdish-grammar

44 A PRACTICAL KURDISH GRAMMAR
mal-a-wa chii) 'he went with his whole house (household)';
_j>- e^JUI^ 3 ö'j 3 J^ y jbvJUj (_^* "^ (ba hasp ö manga
Ö nökar ö zhin ö min-dal-a-wa chû) 'he went with horse and
cow and servant and wife and children'.
112. The Ablative Case is formed by employing the pre¬
position 4] (la) 'from', and the postposition \j (ra) or e_j
(wa-) is sometimes used with it to express continuation 'from
a certain place, position, or time on'.
113. 'xJU 4J (la malaka-i) 'from the house' ; ^\j> _y-J
(1-aii mala-i) 'from the (this or that) house'; ^^^So U 4! (la
malek-I) 'from a house'. Or without the definite article suf¬
fix-. ^V» 4] (la mal-e) 'from the house'. \j ^j^ s^^ (la
sibhaine-a-wa) 'from to-morrow on'.
114. The preposition 4J (la), in the form of ^J (le), is
employed with the Pronouns only, and takes suffixes in the
same manner as ^j_ (pe). (See 99.) Examples: {^'ir'-^ fr^
(le-m dastene) 'he takes (it) from me'; («-^r~"'* 3^ (le-ii
dastenim) 'I shall take it from you'.
115. The Vocative Case is expressed in the shortest pos¬
sible form of the noun, without any article suffixes, or by
suffixing 4 (a) or ^c (e) in the singular, and o (ina) in
the plural, or by employing the Interjections (^ (ai) or \
(ya) 'O!'.
116. Masculine nouns ending in a consonant, or in ^^ ,
usually take the suffix 4 Exs. : ejy (kiir-a) 'O boy :"