a-practical-kurdish-grammar

88 A PRACTICAL KURDISH GRAMMAR
tions, and prohibitations.
The Accent of the Verb
213. The Kurdish verbs are very irregularly accentuated,
but the following may be considered as general rules.
(1) In the present and future tenses, the accent usually
falls on the final syllable, or on the personal endings.
(2) In the past tenses, the accent usually falls on the syl¬
lable which precedes the Copula.
(3) In the participles, the accent usually falls on the final
syllable of the participial stem. When a participle ends in
O , a connective vowel which is placed between it and
the Copula, usually takes the accent.
(4) In all forms where the prefix i (bi) is used, especially
in the Infinitive and Imperative, the accent is brought for¬
ward as far as possible, usually on the prefix itself.
(5) The negative particle ! or li , prefixed to any form of
the verb, and the prohibitive particle ^ of the Imperative,
usually take the accent.
CONJUGATIONS
214. There are two conjugations of the Kurdish verbs.
The First Conjugation, which is chiefly for intransitive verbs,
and the Second Conjugation, to which most of the transitive
verbs belong.
To conjugate a verb is to give all its voices, moods, tenses,
numbers, and persons in their proper order.
The First Conjugation
215. The common peculiarity of the first conjugation, or