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- 292 - from tile demandl sites. He used both a simulation an< a ql
- 293 R£VELLE is apparent in light of accusations about wastelul diuplications and eT AL underutilization of critical care units. Willemain's model illustrates the inierrelationships among'important planning variables bl>t does not lend itself direcily to empirical use. Event-Service Analyses A multiple-server queiucing model was uscd by licl¡ and Allen (l]j to deternmine tie riiniber of amblulances neicdcd to :achievc specified response times. They assumed that tihe temporal distribution ol calls .ould be describcld by, and meet tihe assumnptions of, a Poisson distribution; tihat is, that each event occurs independently of tihe preceding one. Unfortunately. tihe extension to multiple servers distributed across the network posed severe complications beyondl tihe mnathematicil coniplexities because of the need to define rules of prccedence and responsibilitics for each arca. Savas [121 analyzed ehe cost.cffectiveness ol pioposedl challges in New York's ambulaince service with a descriptivc sinimulation model. 'I'he simulation was of a standard sort. developed witli I¡BM; ahlerna tive locations were investigated ,I trial. 'ie costcffectiveness was dlisplayedl as a benefit/cost ratio o. zminlites saved to additioínal (ol. lars expended per mionlil. 'Th'lis was a stlamigitlorward bti pioicering eclort to use quantitative methods on anr emcrgency service system. NMeasuring benefit in lives saved, Smith [13] developed a benefit/ ost analysis ol a coronary emergency rescte service. He used botit a quetieing atI a simulation model, with no appreciable difference in ·. h. C.aly aggregatc data werc av;ailable. whichí reduced t¡he reli. ability o tlihe an.;lysis. Stevenson [j1 used queucing theory to estimate dispatch delay in ambulance service operations. For a given number of ambulances, he provided order.of[magnitude estimates of the minimum expected response time, using aggregate data antl a simple queueing model. The data reflected general regional characteristics such as average speed. area, and total number of calls. The results were expected to help the decision maker determine equipment allocation levels. Ex. plicit locational considerations wvould probably have provided more uselul result. Chailken and l.arson (15] explored the characteristics of urban emergency scrvices and reviewed tlie operational problemns of these systems. Their concern was with vehitle deployment and application ol queueing (chiefly) and simulation approaches to these problems. They considered allocation policies relatecd to the number of units, location and relocation of units,. response areas, and patrol patterns. Acton [16) studied tihe cost-effectiveness of five alternative heart attack programa. Many ol the uncertain parameters in the analysis were bhaed un estimates hy a panel of experts. He usedl a Mlonte Carlo IEIALTH simulation to ciaTulate expccted lives saved and assoiated costs of RESEARCH cach program. The benefits duc , , savel lives were ectimated by livelihood saved and by willingness-o.tpay measures; the latter were obtained from questionnaires and require further study to gauge
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L 00111111 MASTER COPY - NO TOCAR B
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- ii - liancock, W., D. Magerlein y
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FOREWORD These last years, PAHO wit
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Workshop .- Education in Operationa
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-3. The format of the workshop was
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-5- 2. Programs for bringing togeth
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II. R.commendations -7- A series of
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-9- there are technically trained i
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-11- and selected individuals who h
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-13- 6. In order to improve the qua
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-15- cnve!opment will typically be
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-17- 16. All participants sbould pr
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A. Short Courses -19- Short courses
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-21- 4. Presentation of a case to b
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Topic Introduction to Systems Analy
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-25- 12. Elementary Statistics ior
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-27- 8. Applications of data proces
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-29- problems. The graduate should
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-31- Lblo-w. Also given is that typ
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- 33 -' -Case Mix Definition by Dia
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- 35 - Acknowledgment The authors w
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ML ICAL CAE1 Februurl 1980, Vol. XV
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X;' VIII, No. 2. Suippllce,t - 39 -
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- 41 - dMLDICAL C.ARE '.Fcbrtanj 19
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\'nKV 111,I No. 2, IIIJ·,ri - 43 -
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Vol. XVIII, No. 2, Supplenent - 45
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'Vol. XVIII. No. 2, Supplemient - 4
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?Vol. XVIII. No. 2. Sttilluleareilt
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.'yo. XVIII. No. 2, Supplentcsit Si
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.V'oL XVIII. No. 2. Stpphlidary dia
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Vol..'XVlII, No. 2, Supplement - 55
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- 57 - MEDICAL CARE Febiuary 1980,
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- 59 - .SlDiCL ( :AL.. FcbnartlrJ p
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Vol. XVIII, No. 2, Suppletiment - 6
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Vol. XVIII, No. 2, Supplenwt - 63 -
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- 65 - £.¡EDCAL CARE ebrNuarV 1;9
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Vol. XVIII, No. 2, Sn",,phl- steal
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VoL XVIII. No. 2, Supplemnlent - 69
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'XVII. No. 2. Supplement - 71 - P)i
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;.'. 'Vol. XVIII. No. 2. Siupplemen
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:`". XVIII, No. 2. Stupplenent - 75
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,VoL XVIII, No. 2, Supplement Major
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.. Vol. XVIII, No. 2. Supl|lemcent
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i,..X VIII. No. 2. Supplemeiint - 8
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T XVIII. No. 2. S.pphlts"t .i¿jor
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·. ¥XVIII. No. 2 Supplement )i, "
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- 87 - 'i1. XVIII. No. -. Supplemne
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Vl. \'ll. No. 2. Sntiít'ult.uit M.
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- 91 - R. FRIRICHIS AND J. PRAWDA W
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- 93 - 414 R. FRRKICkIS AND J. PRAW
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- 95 - R. F'RERICItS'AND J. PRAWDA
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- 97 - R. F'RRICHS AND J. PRAWDA wh
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- 99 - 420 R. MFRIlC}IS AND J. PRAW
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V - 101 - McUCi. (:Au AWuu IMI. VoL
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GREENLAND ET AL - 103 - the case (p
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CREENLAND iT AL - 105 - TABLE 2. Fi
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GREENLAND ET AL. 3. Cornfleld J, Ha
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160 I indicates the flow of patient
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162 CONGESTION POINTS ANU CONTROL.A
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164 c 8o Table 4. The cffect of cha
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166 B. LEV etal. significant differ
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MEREDITH - 117 - ciety. However. ch
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I MEREDITH - 119 - varying oulcome
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MEDICAL CARE ,arch 1981, Vol. XIX,
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%,I. XIX, No. 3 iclnts. It should d
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n'ol. XIX, No. 3 - 125 - tailed exa
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1 Vol. XIX. No. 3 - 127 - tant for
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Vi. .XIX, No. 3 - 129 - tom' s reco
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- 131 - A \ ,,1. XIX, No. 3 PEHFOHR
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V Xl. IX, No. 3 - 133 - PERFORMANCE
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- 135 - The fourth requirement is l
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- 137 - Systems and Procedures of P
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- 139 - 2. ldentify problemn areas
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c 1 '-a
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u. o a.- 1 W. LZi - 143 - c c S C.
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- 145 - Thc cu rrent appointmren t-
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- 147 - A pure block appointment sy
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- 149 - ihe future. It was discover
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- 151 -
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- 153 - Figui.'¢ VII. Patient Arri
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- 155 - sonnel working in positions
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- 157 - 17. Keep the time span of t
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- 159 - TABLE I: Pnmary DesklConsul
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.Recomme;tded systenz - 161 - .;any
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- 163 - system, there is nr'. :vste
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- 165 - - A major problem with such
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- 167 - T1c Iteole of Olieraionls R
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- 169 - Larry J. Shumc- Harvey Wolf
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- 171 - '- ionoal Heolth Ploanning
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- 173 - Regional Health Planning ar
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- 175 - Regio.,oi Health Planning w
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- 177 - Regionao rfeclth Planning l
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A^CJonoal neonah ronning 21. 1'. F.
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- .,1 - Programming, Budgeting, and
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- 183 - the health care industí ,
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- 185 - was apparently no scarcity.
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ut, u a. íL ._c E 0 t42 a .. 0m u
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plex stochastic distribution of arr
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- 191 cumulated according to any or
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- 193 - Step 2 represents the heart
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ÍA en .aa
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- 197 - analysis, forecasting, and
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Budgeting Attitudes - 199 - The pla
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- 201 Health Services Research most
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a. - 203 - Health Services Research
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- 205 - DESIGN OF ALTERNATIVE PROVI
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- 207 - 1. A change in the immigrat
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- 209 - accessibility of health car
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- 211 - dimensional graph to illust
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- 213 - Primary Care Health Service
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- 215 - different health and educat
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- 217 - The tasks that were rated "
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IC1 o -a - i - w im W..i C -J M. -
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0 z 0 u _ I- 0 Ut. I,, uj CD Q U- ,
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TABLE 3 TASK ANALYSIS OF MALNUTRITI
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11 - 225 - TASK ANALYSIS OF MALNUTR
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- 227 - 12. Reisman, A., F.Staub, B
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- 229 - METHODS Parameters Affectin
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- 231 - ~HNCOCK Fig. 1. Daily censu
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- 233 - HANCOCK Table 1. Parameters
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- 235 - Fig. 3. Maximum average occ
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- 237 - HANCOCK ET AL Fig. 4. Maxim
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- 239 - AECOCL. Table 2. Eflect of
Page 247 and 248: - 241 - HANCOCK Discussion ET AL Th
Page 249 and 250: #12 Estinating the Need for Additio
Page 251 and 252: Pri c= arvicc a ia Indina. - 245 -
Page 253 and 254: . 1' - - IIINDLE Algorithmn for Det
Page 255 and 256: - 249 - HINDLE that all tlie primar
Page 257 and 258: - 251 - HINDLE 6. Computc Mhe Avail
Page 259 and 260: - 253 - HINDLA Tablek Meamm of Zfic
Page 261 and 262: HINDLE Tr AL HIALTH falvCU - 255 -
Page 263 and 264: - 257 - HIiDLZ 26. Ado, An . ad L.
Page 265 and 266: - 259 - REISMIAN, DEAN, ESOOBUE, AG
Page 267 and 268: - 261 - REISMAN, DEAN, ESOGBUE, AGG
Page 269 and 270: - 263 - 1350 REISMiAN, DEAN, ESOOBU
Page 271 and 272: - 265 - REISMAN, DEAN, ESOOBUE, AGO
Page 273 and 274: - 267 - 1354 REISMAN, IEAN, ESOGCUE
Page 275 and 276: - 269 - William J. Abernothy and Jo
Page 277 and 278: - 271 - William J. Abernathy and Jo
Page 279 and 280: - 273 - William 1. Abernothy ond Jo
Page 281 and 282: - 275 - William J. Abrnarthy and Jo
Page 283 and 284: - 277 - William J. Abernathy and Jo
Page 285 and 286: - 279 - William J. Aberncthy and Jo
Page 287 and 288: - 281 - 642 William J. Abernathy an
Page 289 and 290: Decmand in Mintu és/Day Numnlber o
Page 291 and 292: Disposal System 326 IIstlic I,',i,
Page 293 and 294: i Trays 334 Colorful pattenis anid
Page 295 and 296: tiie, gency L:ghting 347 ,i',., .:.
Page 297: - 296 - REVEI.LE we believe to be t
Page 301 and 302: - 295 - REVEt.EI. ET AL. poSJcd pro
Page 303 and 304: - 297 - RM.VELLE EL AL. of faciliti
Page 305 and 306: REVELLE ET AL. HALTOI SERVICUS RESE
Page 307 and 308: REVELLE ET Al.. - 301 - Fig. 4. Ano
Page 309 and 310: - 303 - REVet. ¡T AL Act of 1973.
Page 311 and 312: - 305 - REVELLE possible within ilh
Page 313 and 314: - 307 - RLVELI.E 29- Khumawala. a.
Page 315 and 316: - 309 - assuring thal the maxinmum
Page 317 and 318: -311 - the implemented strategy he
Page 319 and 320: - 313 - analytical approximalions w
Page 321 and 322: - 315 - rcquired Ior shipping and o
Page 323 and 324: - 317 - Controlling ¡he system The
Page 325 and 326: - 319 - The light pen techniques ar
Page 327 and 328: - 321 - shipnients have to be on ro
Page 329 and 330: - 323 THE CREATER NEIW' YORK BLOOD
Page 331 and 332: _,~ .- - 3. 2- - TABLE 1. PATIENT C
Page 333 and 334: TABLE 3. MEDICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNI
Page 335 and 336: Nursing Stalf Level (i of nurss/day
Page 337 and 338: Table 1. Factors ¡i denad for medi
Page 339 and 340: e forecast. This section descijbcs
Page 341 and 342: ei, paid to these standards in cond
Page 343 and 344: O Emphasis u.on the explicit enumer
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Page 347 and 348: Therc are ihreec basic prcessecs fi
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- 343 - Forecasting Hcalth Care Ser
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#20 Jaime 1B. Henrs Rtxlnc. I.. Ro:
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- 347 - I v,'N ti.K 1tHm.pi.l !, t1
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Ra.fo.renem.. aid %.hs '. - 31!9 -
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; / larman u empirical research has
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I Klarman - >3 - benefits that for
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I Klaman Ctitena for Inchmion - 355
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IClarman - 37 - The prevailing tend
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1 Klarman Intargibl Benefits - .5 -
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Kllarman - 361 - thi prospects of r
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- 363 - Thua, it did not consider w
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I Klannan - 365 - again if the new
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Klarman - 367 - At the other pole,
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- 369 - seem worth exploring. Howev
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iKlarman - 371 - in the use of serv
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Kmnnan - 373 - REFERENCES 1. Havema
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- 375 - 59. Valr y, W. S. One eonoi
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- 377 - i aSll a _ . b, CuaMu L. L,
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WAHRNER ANI) I|UTTr)N The puroses I
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WARNER AND HUTfON - 381 - observers
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.AHNF:R AND IIl'TIoN - 383 - rare I
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WARNER AND HUTTrU., TABLE 1. Trenda
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W'AHNER AND IHUTTON - 387 - treatme
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AAHNER AND HU'TON - 389 - Several d
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WARNER AND HUTTON pal orientations
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w'ARNER AND UL'TTOit'u ' . N Engl I
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I,,qr *ir 'ilu.,i XV. Seplteri¡br
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In.lumin- i',)i.eIu XV. Seph.irhb'r
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In#unrvlVolutn XV. September 1978 h
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Problemas identificados - 401 - Dur
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Programas educativos 3 - 403 - 1. S
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- 405 - maestrfa, donde se supone q
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- 407 - presentación formal de inf
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- 409 - * Curso para ingenieros ind
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- 411 - ¢ 16. Hancock, W., D. Mage
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- 413 - 2. Barrenechea, J. J. La se
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- 415 - Curwso (8 a 16 horas) para
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- 417 - 4. Necesidades de los admin
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MOISES ARTEAGA DR. DAVID GOMEZ COVA
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