Sažeci 2. Hrvatskog kongresa medicinske biokemije - Klinički zavod ...

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Počasno predavanje METABOLIZAM I FUNKCIJA DUŠIKOVOG OKSIDA B. Štraus 0/2 Radikal dušikovog oksida (NO) važan je unutar- i izvanstanični glasnik. Njegovo otkriće, kao i saznanje o njegovom metabolizmu, jedno je od najvećih dostignuća fiziologije i biokemije u zadnjem desetljeću. Intenzivnim istraživanjima tijekom zadnjih godina uspjelo se dobrim dijelom razjasniti metabolizam NO kao i njegove mnogobrojne funkcije u organizmu. Dušikov oksid stvara se pod utjecajem agonista i fizikalnih stimulansa u raznim tkivima iz L-arginina katalitićkim djelovanjem konstitutivne ili inducibilne NO-sintaze. Tako stvoreni NO važan je medijator homeostatskih procesa i mehanizama obrane organizma od mikroorganizama. Prikazana je uloga NO u regulaciji tonusa krvnih žila i krvnog tlaka, sprečavanju agregacije trombocita te kao neurotransmitera u regulaciji gastrointestinalne, respiratorne i genitourinarne funkcije, kao i uloga u nespecifičnoj imunosti zbog njegovog citotoksičnog djelovanja na mikroorganizme i tumorske stanice. Na kraju se razmatraju mogućnosti liječenja raznih patoloških stanja aktiviranjem ili inhibiranjem stvaranja NO. BIOCHEMIA MEDICA god. 6, br. 1, 1996. 27
Sekcijska predavanja STRATEGIES TO EXCLUDE AND DIFFERENTIATE RENAL DISEASES BY ANALYSING PROTEIN W.G. Guder, W. Hofmann Sl/1 Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Municipal Hospital Munich-Bogenhausen, Germany Proteinuria and haematuria are the most often detected early signs of renal disease. We have applied a new analytical strategy based on the observation that different urine protein patterns are excreted in prerenal, renal and postrenal proteinurias and haematurias. When analysed by turbidimetric procedures urine albumin, IgG, a^microglobulin and ct 2 -macroglobulin in morning urine can be used as marker proteins to characterize the degree of tubulo-interstitial involvement and postrenal blood "contamination". By plotting the excretion rates of the tubular and postrenal markers against that of albumin (1, 2) the information on the site of origin of proteinuria can be obtained. Tubulo-interstitial diseases are characterized by their increased c^microglobulin excretion rates at normal or slightly elevated albumin concentrations. In addition, acute and chronic tubular dysfunction can be separated by measurement of tubular enzyme N-acetyl-p,D-glucosaminidase, which is lower in chronic diseases and renal insufficiency Provided that albumin concentration exceeds 100 mg/L, renal and postrenal forms of haematuria can be clearly separated by their different a 2 -macroglobulin/albumin ratios. The reported procedure allows the exclusion and differentiation of clinically relevant proteinurias and haematurias from a spot urine specimen. 1. Hofmann W, Rossmuller B, Guder WG, Edel HH. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1992; 30:707-12. 2. Hofmann W, Schmidt D, Guder WG, Edel HH. Klin Wochenschr 1991; 69:68-75. BIOCHEMIA MEDICA god. 6, br. 1, 1996. 29
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