stanje i perspektive u rudarstvu i odrţivi razvoj mining present state ...

Rudarstvo 2011 / Mining 2011TEHNOLOŠKI POSTUPAK ODSTRANJENJA BALASTNEMASE MEĐUSLOJNE JALOVINE IZ ROVNOG UGLJA SARASLOJENIH DELOVA KOLUBARSKIH LIGNITSKIHLEŢIŠTA.Saţetak:B.Grbović, M. Spasojević, M.Ignjatović, J.Mićić, M. GrbovićHomogene moćne naslage visokokvalitetnog uglja sa Istoĉnih polja Kolubare dobrim delom su iscrpljene. Odpoĉetka otkopavanja niskokvalitetnog uglja (NKU) sa raslojenog zapadnog polja Tamnava došlo je do teškoća ,kako na rudniku Tamnava, tako i u elektranama TENT koje koriste kolubarski ugalj. Tehnološkim istraţivanjimaje razraĊen process ĉišćenja niskokvalitetnih lignita ―Borovac‖ koji omogućava da se odstrani jalovina iz dela, zasada vanbilansnog rovnog kolubarskog uglja, i na taj naĉin podigne kvalitet isporuka uglja elektranama.Razlike u fiziĉkim osobinama izmeĊu ĉistog uglja i balastnih neorganskih materija u rovnom niskokvalitetnomuglju otkopanom iz sloţenih slojeva sa Tamnave, posluţile su kao osnova primenjenog hidrauliĉkog procesaĉišćenja uglja od jalovine.U ovom referatu je prikazan process ĉišćenja uglja i naznaĉen naĉin njegove industrijske primene koji moţe dadoprinese otklanjanju postojećih teškoća u tekućoj i budućoj proizvodnji uglja na kopvima Kolubare, transportuuglja od kopova do elektrana, i korišćenju kolubarskog uglja u elektranama TENTAbstract:In recent times Kolubara Mines were incapable of supplying sufficient quantities of good quality coal to satisfythe demands/capacities of TENT. The mining of coal from Western parts of Kolubara coalfields, which containsignificant quantities of interlayer waste, is causing significant operational difficulties and inefficiencies at minesand power plants, including: low recovery of existing low quality coal reserves (LQC); Inability to utilize fullcapacities of installed equipment at power plants; and increased environmental pollution. Future expansion anddevelopment of open pits will further worsen these issues as open pits are expanding into the remaining areaswith lower quality coal, while the coal supply demand will increase due to construction of new power plantunits.For more than two decades significant research was undertaken aiming to identify a cost-effective way toresolve these major production & ecological issues that Serbia is increasingly facing today. Extensive testworkand investigations have been performed to develop a process capable of removing interlayer waste from complexcoal seams present in Serbian lignites. In particular, the investigations have been focused on the Tamnavacoalfields where the excavation of such coal seams has already started and is becoming dominant.The results have confirmed that the „Borovac― coal cleaning process is capable of breaking the bonds betweenthe coal and waste and subsequently separating the waste from ROM coal. The LQC (~4960 kJ/kg) has beenupgraded using this process into a good quality coal (~8200 kJ/kg) that can efficiently be used in power plants,while still recovering 85% of overall heat potential from ROM coal. It should be noted that the core part of theprocess – liberation of clean coal from waste matter by scrubbing – has already been proven on an industrialscale on another facility.The paper describe the benefits of maintaining the bulk mining methods due to incorporation of the coal cleaningprocess; present test work results and describe achievable benefits to the productivity of power plant blocks withassociated savings i.e. elimination of fuel to support the fire and reduction in mill wear.1.-Postojeći tehniĉki uslovi esploatacije uglja iz raslojenih delova leţištaRudarsko-energetski kompleks Kolubara-Obrenovac (rudnici i elektrane) projektovani su i graĊeni nabazi kvaliteta uglja sa Istoĉnih homogenih polja Kolubarskog basena. Na poljima Istoĉnog delabasena, ostvarivana je proizvodnja visokokvalitetnog uglja (VKU). Sa ovakvim ugljemTermoelektrane Nikola Tesla (TENT) su uspešno snabdevale Srbiju elektriĉnom energijom.720