Cork insulation; a complete illustrated textbook on cork insulation ...

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318 CORK INSULATION History also shows that the ancient Egyptians, on the other hand, knew the secret of cooling liquids by evaporation, which method of cooling is practised today by the natives of India, as well as by the desert traveller, and quite probably by many others. The ancient Egyptians placed shallow trays, made of porous material and filled with water, on beds of straw, and left them exposed to the night winds. Through the resultant evaporation, the water became chilled sometimes •ARTIST'S CONCEPTION OF ANCIENT EGYPTIANS PREPARING WATER FOR CHILLING BY EVAPORATION. to the extent of a thin film of ice on the surface. Today, in the upper provinces of India, water is made to freeze during cold, clear nights by leaving it overnight in porous vessels, or chilled in containers that are wrapped in moistened cloth. In the first instance, the water freezes by virtue of the cold produced by its own evaporation ; and in the second instance, the water is rapidly cooled by the drying of the moistened wrapper. In Bengal the natives resort to a still more elabo- rate plan. Pits are dug about two feet deep and filled three- quarters full with dry straw, on which are set flat, porous pans containing water. Exposed overnight to a cool, dry, gentle wind from the northwest, the water evaporates at the expense of its own heat with sufificient rapidity to overbalance
HISTORY OF REFRIGERATION 319 the slow influx of heat from above through the cooled dense air, or from below through the badly conducting straw, and the water freezes. The desert traveller carries water in a porous canvas water bag so as to have, through slow evaporation, a supply of drinking water sufficiently palatable to dampen his parched lips and cool his throat. The use of saltpetre mixed with snow for cooling and freezing liquids was known and employed at a remote period in India. In 1607 Tancrelus mentioned the use of this mix- ture to freeze water, and in 1626 Santono mentioned the use of common salt and snow to freeze wine. At about that same time, in Italy, iced fruits put in an appearance at table, and during the 17th century a method of congealing cream was discovered. Lord Francis Bacon, English scientist, philosopher and statesman (1561-1626), appreciated what a useful thing it would be if man could have the same command of cold as of heat, and undertook experiments into its possibilities that terminated in his death. Among his notes there is this: Heat and cold are Nature's two hands whereby she chiefly worketh, and heat we have in readiness in respect of the fire, but for cold we must stay till it cometh or seek it in deep caves or high mountains, and when all is done we cannot obtain it in any great degree, for furnaces of fire are far hotter than a summer's sun, but vaults and hills are not much colder than a winter's frost. History is filled with interesting references to the early use of snow and natural ice, especially by the French, Span- iards and Italians, devotees of better living. In England, the sale of natural ice from the wagons of fishmongers was an early practice that continues to this day. In the United States •a cargo of natural ice was sent from New York to New Orleans in 1799, the first delivery of natural ice to an American home was made in 1802, and Frederick Tudor exported natural ice from the United States to the West Indies in 1805 to help stay the ravages of yellow fever. 147.—The Formation, Harvesting and Storing of Natural Ice.—The formation of ice is a very common phenomenon of Nature, but the exact process followed in converting water
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^oofe^a- 1842.4 This book may be ke
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Cork Insulation A
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To the Memory of JAMES EDWARD QUIGL
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tion of cork to other and more remo
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER VI.
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X TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER XIII. C
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xii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER XVIII
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2 CORK INSULATION floats for nets,
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CORK INSULATION vfany attem])ts lia
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6 CORK INSULATION •^ 4.—Home of
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8 CORK INSULATION and fifty feet an
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CHAPTER II. CORK STRIPPING. 6.—Re
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12 CORK INSULATION the cork oak tre
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14 CORK INSULATION seasoning prelim
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CHAPTER III. USES OF CORKWOOD AND U
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S CORK INSULATION 12.—Importance
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20 CORK INSULATION usually scraped,
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22 CORK INSULATION ful utilization
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24 CORK INSULATION from capillarity
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26 CORK INSULATION in place and spi
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28 CORK INSULATION for cold storage
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30 CORK INSULATION very substantial
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Z2 CORK INSULATION came The Nonpare
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34 CORK INSULATION glass bottle, al
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36 CORK INSULATION merit and an eff
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38 CORK INSULATION Paragraph 340.
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40 CORK INSULATION turning those st
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42 CORK INSULATION tip
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44 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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46 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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IMPORTS INTO UNITED STATES CORK INS
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so CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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52 CORK INSULATION < i 2
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54 CORK INSULATION
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56 CORK INSULATION
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58 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS ENTERED
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70 CORK INSULATION O" coo I lOiM <
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72 CORK INSULATION crease by its be
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74 CORK INSULATION the tube and mer
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76 CORK INSULATION cooled, the air
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78 CORK INSULATION ordinary pressur
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80 CORK INSULATION sion. If a subst
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CHAPTER VIII. MEASUREMENT OF HEAT,
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84 CORK INSULATION equal to unity,
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86 CORK INSULATION The heat of fusi
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88 CORK INSULATION vaporize, and wh
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90 CORK INSULATION a pressure of 35
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92 CORK INSULATION of such air at t
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94 CORK INSULATION RELATIVE HUMIDIT
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96 CORK INSULATION and the temperat
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98 CORK INSULATION perature of the
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100 CORK INSULATION INTERNAL THERMA
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102 CORK INSULATION usually classed
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104 CORK INSULATION lose by radiati
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106 CORK INSULATION age wall <stron
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108 CORK INSULATION It will be seen
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110 CORK INSULATION H=K A (.U—U)
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112 CORK INSULATION : equals 17917,
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114 CORK INSULATION convection, and
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116 CORK INSULATION metal boxes wit
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118 CORK INSULATION the test box wi
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120 CORK INSULATION the areas and t
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122 CORK INSULATION 79.—Tests by
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124 CORK INSULATION a narrow limit,
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126 CORK INSULATION In addition to
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128 CORK INSULATION applications we
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130 CORK INSULATION
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132 CORK INSULATION j;aii 03 O .O 2
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134 CORK INSULATION
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136 CORK INSULATION
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138 CORK INSULATION
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140 CORK INSULATION
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142 CORK INSULATION
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144 CORK INSULATION
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146 CORK INSULATION
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148 CORK INSULATION
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ISO CORK INSULATION ^ I CO « O :s
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152 CORK INSULATION
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154 CORK INSULATION
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156 CORK INSULATION o ffi K K a ,=5
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158 CORK INSULATION
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160 CORK INSULATION o ^ J W to
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162 CORK INSULATION
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164 CORK INSULATION
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166 CORK INSULATION Section XI of *
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168 CORK INSULATION capillarity, el
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170 CORK INSULATION conceivable min
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172 CORK INSULATION test consists o
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174 CORK INSULATION 85.—Convenien
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176 CORK INSULATION basement except
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CHAPTER XII. PROPER THICKNESS OF CO
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ISO CORK INSULATION i ness that wil
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182 CORK INSULATION that a small ch
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184 CORK INSULATION 91.—Proper Th
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186 CORK INSULATION license alone i
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188 CORK INSULATION In new structur
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190 CORK INSULATION ure, in closed-
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192 CORK INSULATION corner of the r
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194 CORK INSULATION should be rever
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196 CORK INSULATION cold storage ro
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198 CORK INSULATION In the early da
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200 CORK INSULATION Until comparati
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202 CORK INSULATION overcome obstac
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204 CORK INSULATION introducing pur
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206 CORK INSULATION Pure air is dif
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208 CORK INSULATION ing capacity. I
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210 CORK INSULATION A hard, repress
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212 CORK INSULATION storage room is
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216 CORK INSULATION joists of such
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218 CORK INSULATION and delicately
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220 CORK INSULATION slight variatio
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222 CORK INSULATION filler and then
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224 CORK INSULATION ating less heat
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226 CORK INSULATION The first petro
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228 CORK INSULATION to be used in a
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230 CORK INSULATION Flash Point is
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232 CORK INSULATION A suitable Asph
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234 CORK INSULATION enveloping memb
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236 CORK INSULATION fying agent, on
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238 CORK INSULATION at 105° C. The
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CHAPTER XIII. COMPLETE SPECIFICATIO
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242 CORK INSULATION 116.—Finish.
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244 CORK INSULATION a second layer
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246 CORK INSULATION one layer of ..
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248 CORK INSULATION CE/LING :-)::):
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250 CORK INSULATION into which cork
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252 CORK INSULATION 106.—Ceilings
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254 CORK INSULATION insulated, one
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256 CORK INSULATION compounds.* The
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258 CORK INSULATION to all joints i
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260 CORK INSULATION »
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262 CORK INSULATION 110.—Floors.
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264 CORK INSULATION the size of the
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266 CORK INSULATION Asphalt cement.
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Page 296 and 297: 282 CORK INSULATION To prepare Asph
Page 298 and 299: 284 CORK INSULATION must be applied
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Page 302 and 303: 288 CORK INSULATION 122.—Second L
Page 304 and 305: 290 CORK INSULATION 124.—First La
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Page 316 and 317: 302 CORK INSULATION [ storage doors
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Page 320 and 321: 506 CORK INSULATION floor, on a lev
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Page 328 and 329: 314 CORK INSULATION mixed product*,
Page 330 and 331: 316 CORK INSULATION floors and baff
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Page 336 and 337: 322 CORK INSULATION them from freez
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Page 348 and 349: 334 CORK INSULATION "root house," t
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Page 354 and 355: 340 CORK INSULATION natives who inh
Page 356 and 357: 342 CORK INSULATION Nevertheless, t
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Page 360 and 361: 346 CORK INSULATION quickly form a
Page 362 and 363: 348 CORK INSULATION come within the
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Page 370 and 371: 356 CORK INSULATION interlinings of
Page 372 and 373: 358 CORK INSULATION Handles and Cor
Page 374 and 375: 360 CORK INSULATION models, for ice
Page 376 and 377: 362 CORK INSULATION Doors.—Door f
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368 CORK INSULATION of the opposite
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370 CORK INSULATION , waterproof co
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372 CORK INSULATION
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374 CORK INSULATION Top Iccr.—The
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376 CORK INSULATION COPELAND "DEPEN
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: 378 CORK INSULATION hours before
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380 CORK INSULATION j Household ref
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382 CORK INSULATION at the daily ex
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384 CORK INSULATION purposes and a
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CHAPTER XVII. DEVELOPMENT OF THE CO
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388 CORK INSULATION and practices p
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390 CORK INSULATION cream manufactu
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392 CORK INSULATION the ins
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394 CORK INSULATION heavily galvani
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396 CORK INSULATION dumping of the
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398 CORK INSULATION The Machine.—
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400 CORK INSULATION loss of efficie
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402 CORK INSULATION (b) Control of
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404 CORK INSULATION Modern Mechanic
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406 CORK INSULATION
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408 CORK INSULATION oning millions
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41C CORK INSULATION ing for the top
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412 CORK INSULATION Adjusliiii) Pla
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414 CORK INSULATION exactly in fron
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416 CORK INSULATION These compresso
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418 CORK INSULATION made to take si
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420 CORK INSULATION additional char
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422 CORK INSULATION The bottom lini
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424 CORK INSULATION Covers for Juni
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426 CORK INSULATION subject of inve
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428 CORK INSULATION lading next to
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430 CORK INSULATION warmest and the
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432 CORK INSULATION CHART IV The we
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434 CORK INSULATION That precooling
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436 CORK INSULATION Mr. President,
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438 CORK INSULATION the elimination
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440 CORK INSULATION Now let me proc
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442 CORK INSULATION of the eggs on
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444 CORK INSULATION It may be said
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446 CORK INSULATION occur. Salting
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448 CORK INSULATION the two inches
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450 CORK INSULATION ables as anythi
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452 CORK INSULATION We are continui
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454 CORK INSULATION Our object was
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456 CORK INSULATION As air circulat
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458 CORK INSULATION ers and cross s
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460 CORK INSULATION States standard
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462 CORK INSULATION temperature and
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464 CORK INSULATION CORK PAINT.* Fo
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466 CORK INSULATION strengthening c
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468 CORK INSULATION only 0.38; that
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470 CORK INSULATION
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472 CORK INSULATION possible throug
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474 CORK INSULATION ing and heating
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476 CORK INSULATION that for each o
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478 CORK INSULATION case of other g
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480 CORK INSULATION because it will
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482 CORK INSULATION ECONOMY OF GASO
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484 CORK INSULATION That this amoun
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486 CORK INSULATION form on walls a
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488 CORK INSULATION Practically all
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490 CORK INSULATION for the pebbles
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492 CORK INSULATION nailed to three
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494 CORK INSULATION QUANTITIES OF C
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496 CORK INSULATION EXAMPLE OF PURC
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498 CORK INSULATION Portland cement
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500 CORK INSULATION FREIGHT CLASSIF
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502 CORK INSULATION CORK PIPE COVER
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504 CORK INSULATION to give a bette
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506 CORK INSULATION 3. Ice Water Th
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508 CORK INSULATION brought tightly
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510 CORK INSULATION A GOOD DRINK OF
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512 CORK INSULATION The Cost and th
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514 CORK INSULATION cause the agree
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516 CORK INSULATION Legality— In
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518 CORK INSULATION In general, unl
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520 CORK INSULATION the work should
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522 CORK INSULATION (1) Page $8, pa
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524 CORK INSULATION Brooks ice crea
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526 Page Depreciation in efficiency
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528 CORK INSULATION test of asphalt
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530 CORK INSULATION ice, formation
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532 Page Sealed air cells 169 Seali
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534 CORK INSULATION Page of heat by
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GOOD BOOKS YOU SHOULD HAVE These ar
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DATE DUE
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