Cork insulation; a complete illustrated textbook on cork insulation ...

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438 CORK INSULATION the elimination of food waste and spoilage has become a world question of vital interest. The question of transportation has also become of overwhelming importance. Our railroads are taxed to their utmost, and, as in the food question, the future seems to hold problems even harder to solve than those now at hand. Every rail, locomotive and car must be utilized for maximum service. The refrigerator car, especially, becomes an object of renewed interest, because upon it depends very largely our ability to render available the crops produced and food animals raised. It must carry a full load, yet we must not, in our zeal to transport perishables, permit any spoilage or damage in transit that can possibly be avoided. The investigation of the transportation of perishables which is now under way in the United States Department of Agriculture has shown that the refrigerator equipment on the various lines differs widely in ability to protect against heat and cold. This variation depends to a certain extent upon the size and character of the load as well as upon the construction of the car. It is my purpose to discuss with you some of the results of these investigations, comparing the performance of cars of varying types when loaded with varying quantities of the commodity to be transported. First, however, let me very briefly outline the major dififerences in the construction of the cars used in these experiments. In the general purpose refrigerator car we find two types of bunker—one known as the "box bunker," <strong>illustrated</strong> in Fig. I, in whhich the ice rests directly against the end and sides of the car—and the other, known as the "basket bunker" in which the ice is held in a wire container two inches away from walls and bulkhead (see Fig. II). The box bunker usually has an open bulkhead of wood or metal. Sometimes we find a solid wooden partition open at top and bottom. The basket bunker commonly has a solid, wooden bulkhead, open twelve inches at the bottom and fourteen inches at the top, and in the new cars this bulkhead is insulated with one inch of a recognized insulator. The new cars, also, have a rack, on the floor, four inches in the clear, made of 2x4 runners and 1x3 cross slats, lJ/2 inches apart. These racks are fastened to the sides of the car with hinged bolts. They are divided in the middle so that they can be turned up against the walls when the car is cleaned. They are absolutely necessary for the safe carrying of perishable loads. Most of the cars now on the lines are without racks. Some have permanent strips on the floors one or one and one-half inches in height. These strips are practically valueless. The <strong>insulation</strong> varies from a few layers of paper to three inches of some recognized insulator. In some cars the layers of <strong>insulation</strong> are broken by spaces—in others the <strong>insulation</strong> is massed. The cars in the experiments were from approximately twenty-nine feet between bulkheads to approximately thirty-three feet. The majority of the experiments used as illustrations are taken from the investigations on the transportation of eggs, because that
REFRIGERATOR CARS 439 TenPef>AT
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^oofe^a- 1842.4 This book may be ke
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Cork Insulation A
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To the Memory of JAMES EDWARD QUIGL
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tion of cork to other and more remo
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER VI.
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X TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER XIII. C
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xii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER XVIII
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2 CORK INSULATION floats for nets,
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CORK INSULATION vfany attem])ts lia
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6 CORK INSULATION •^ 4.—Home of
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8 CORK INSULATION and fifty feet an
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CHAPTER II. CORK STRIPPING. 6.—Re
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12 CORK INSULATION the cork oak tre
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14 CORK INSULATION seasoning prelim
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CHAPTER III. USES OF CORKWOOD AND U
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S CORK INSULATION 12.—Importance
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20 CORK INSULATION usually scraped,
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22 CORK INSULATION ful utilization
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24 CORK INSULATION from capillarity
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26 CORK INSULATION in place and spi
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28 CORK INSULATION for cold storage
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30 CORK INSULATION very substantial
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Z2 CORK INSULATION came The Nonpare
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34 CORK INSULATION glass bottle, al
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36 CORK INSULATION merit and an eff
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38 CORK INSULATION Paragraph 340.
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40 CORK INSULATION turning those st
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42 CORK INSULATION tip
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44 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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46 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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IMPORTS INTO UNITED STATES CORK INS
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so CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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52 CORK INSULATION < i 2
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54 CORK INSULATION
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56 CORK INSULATION
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58 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS ENTERED
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70 CORK INSULATION O" coo I lOiM <
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72 CORK INSULATION crease by its be
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74 CORK INSULATION the tube and mer
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76 CORK INSULATION cooled, the air
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78 CORK INSULATION ordinary pressur
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80 CORK INSULATION sion. If a subst
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CHAPTER VIII. MEASUREMENT OF HEAT,
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84 CORK INSULATION equal to unity,
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86 CORK INSULATION The heat of fusi
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88 CORK INSULATION vaporize, and wh
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90 CORK INSULATION a pressure of 35
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92 CORK INSULATION of such air at t
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94 CORK INSULATION RELATIVE HUMIDIT
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96 CORK INSULATION and the temperat
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98 CORK INSULATION perature of the
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100 CORK INSULATION INTERNAL THERMA
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102 CORK INSULATION usually classed
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104 CORK INSULATION lose by radiati
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106 CORK INSULATION age wall <stron
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108 CORK INSULATION It will be seen
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110 CORK INSULATION H=K A (.U—U)
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112 CORK INSULATION : equals 17917,
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114 CORK INSULATION convection, and
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116 CORK INSULATION metal boxes wit
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118 CORK INSULATION the test box wi
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120 CORK INSULATION the areas and t
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122 CORK INSULATION 79.—Tests by
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124 CORK INSULATION a narrow limit,
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126 CORK INSULATION In addition to
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128 CORK INSULATION applications we
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130 CORK INSULATION
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132 CORK INSULATION j;aii 03 O .O 2
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134 CORK INSULATION
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136 CORK INSULATION
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138 CORK INSULATION
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140 CORK INSULATION
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142 CORK INSULATION
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144 CORK INSULATION
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146 CORK INSULATION
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148 CORK INSULATION
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ISO CORK INSULATION ^ I CO « O :s
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152 CORK INSULATION
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154 CORK INSULATION
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156 CORK INSULATION o ffi K K a ,=5
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158 CORK INSULATION
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160 CORK INSULATION o ^ J W to
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162 CORK INSULATION
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164 CORK INSULATION
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166 CORK INSULATION Section XI of *
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168 CORK INSULATION capillarity, el
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170 CORK INSULATION conceivable min
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172 CORK INSULATION test consists o
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174 CORK INSULATION 85.—Convenien
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176 CORK INSULATION basement except
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CHAPTER XII. PROPER THICKNESS OF CO
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ISO CORK INSULATION i ness that wil
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182 CORK INSULATION that a small ch
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184 CORK INSULATION 91.—Proper Th
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186 CORK INSULATION license alone i
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188 CORK INSULATION In new structur
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190 CORK INSULATION ure, in closed-
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192 CORK INSULATION corner of the r
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194 CORK INSULATION should be rever
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196 CORK INSULATION cold storage ro
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198 CORK INSULATION In the early da
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200 CORK INSULATION Until comparati
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202 CORK INSULATION overcome obstac
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204 CORK INSULATION introducing pur
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206 CORK INSULATION Pure air is dif
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208 CORK INSULATION ing capacity. I
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210 CORK INSULATION A hard, repress
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212 CORK INSULATION storage room is
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216 CORK INSULATION joists of such
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218 CORK INSULATION and delicately
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220 CORK INSULATION slight variatio
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222 CORK INSULATION filler and then
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224 CORK INSULATION ating less heat
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226 CORK INSULATION The first petro
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228 CORK INSULATION to be used in a
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230 CORK INSULATION Flash Point is
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232 CORK INSULATION A suitable Asph
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234 CORK INSULATION enveloping memb
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236 CORK INSULATION fying agent, on
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238 CORK INSULATION at 105° C. The
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CHAPTER XIII. COMPLETE SPECIFICATIO
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242 CORK INSULATION 116.—Finish.
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244 CORK INSULATION a second layer
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246 CORK INSULATION one layer of ..
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248 CORK INSULATION CE/LING :-)::):
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250 CORK INSULATION into which cork
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252 CORK INSULATION 106.—Ceilings
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254 CORK INSULATION insulated, one
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256 CORK INSULATION compounds.* The
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258 CORK INSULATION to all joints i
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260 CORK INSULATION »
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262 CORK INSULATION 110.—Floors.
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264 CORK INSULATION the size of the
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266 CORK INSULATION Asphalt cement.
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268 CORK INSULATION shall then be e
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270 CORK INSULATION To the reasonab
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272 CORK INSULATION butted tight, a
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274 CORK INSULATION mixed one part
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276 CORK INSULATION consisting of .
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278 CORK INSULATION of . . .-inch p
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280 CORK INSULATION sand* for each
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282 CORK INSULATION To prepare Asph
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284 CORK INSULATION must be applied
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286 CORK INSULATION plied, and the
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288 CORK INSULATION 122.—Second L
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290 CORK INSULATION 124.—First La
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292 CORK INSULATION that the forms
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294 CORK INSULATION and all joints
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296 CORK INSULATION Break all joint
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298 CORK INSULATION board uncoated
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300 CORK INSULATION area (one face
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302 CORK INSULATION [ storage doors
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3(X CORK INSULATION surface*, and t
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506 CORK INSULATION floor, on a lev
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308 CORK INSULATION See that the fi
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310 CORK INSULATION line of the fla
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312 CORK INSULATION corkboards are
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314 CORK INSULATION mixed product*,
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316 CORK INSULATION floors and baff
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318 CORK INSULATION History also sh
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320 CORK INSULATION into natural ic
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322 CORK INSULATION them from freez
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324 CORK INSULATION smaller establi
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326 CORK INSULATION on the "Mechani
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328 CORK INSULATION the four walls
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330 CORK INSULATION load on the ref
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CHAPTER XVI. DEVELOPMENT OF THE COR
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334 CORK INSULATION "root house," t
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336 CORK INSULATION of the surround
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338 CORK INSULATION to a new positi
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340 CORK INSULATION natives who inh
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342 CORK INSULATION Nevertheless, t
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344 CORK INSULATION to the
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346 CORK INSULATION quickly form a
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348 CORK INSULATION come within the
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350 CORK INSULATION water, and the
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352 CORK INSULATION success, and su
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354 CORK INSULATION ^r T"T M // lC
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356 CORK INSULATION interlinings of
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358 CORK INSULATION Handles and Cor
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360 CORK INSULATION models, for ice
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362 CORK INSULATION Doors.—Door f
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364 CORK INSULATION triple nickel-p
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366 CORK INSULATION JEWETT SOLID PO
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368 CORK INSULATION of the opposite
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370 CORK INSULATION , waterproof co
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372 CORK INSULATION
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374 CORK INSULATION Top Iccr.—The
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376 CORK INSULATION COPELAND "DEPEN
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: 378 CORK INSULATION hours before
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380 CORK INSULATION j Household ref
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382 CORK INSULATION at the daily ex
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384 CORK INSULATION purposes and a
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CHAPTER XVII. DEVELOPMENT OF THE CO
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Page 404 and 405: 390 CORK INSULATION cream manufactu
Page 406 and 407: 392 CORK INSULATION the ins
Page 408 and 409: 394 CORK INSULATION heavily galvani
Page 410 and 411: 396 CORK INSULATION dumping of the
Page 412 and 413: 398 CORK INSULATION The Machine.—
Page 414 and 415: 400 CORK INSULATION loss of efficie
Page 416 and 417: 402 CORK INSULATION (b) Control of
Page 418 and 419: 404 CORK INSULATION Modern Mechanic
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Page 422 and 423: 408 CORK INSULATION oning millions
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Page 426 and 427: 412 CORK INSULATION Adjusliiii) Pla
Page 428 and 429: 414 CORK INSULATION exactly in fron
Page 430 and 431: 416 CORK INSULATION These compresso
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Page 436 and 437: 422 CORK INSULATION The bottom lini
Page 438 and 439: 424 CORK INSULATION Covers for Juni
Page 440 and 441: 426 CORK INSULATION subject of inve
Page 442 and 443: 428 CORK INSULATION lading next to
Page 444 and 445: 430 CORK INSULATION warmest and the
Page 446 and 447: 432 CORK INSULATION CHART IV The we
Page 448 and 449: 434 CORK INSULATION That precooling
Page 450 and 451: 436 CORK INSULATION Mr. President,
Page 454 and 455: 440 CORK INSULATION Now let me proc
Page 456 and 457: 442 CORK INSULATION of the eggs on
Page 458 and 459: 444 CORK INSULATION It may be said
Page 460 and 461: 446 CORK INSULATION occur. Salting
Page 462 and 463: 448 CORK INSULATION the two inches
Page 464 and 465: 450 CORK INSULATION ables as anythi
Page 466 and 467: 452 CORK INSULATION We are continui
Page 468 and 469: 454 CORK INSULATION Our object was
Page 470 and 471: 456 CORK INSULATION As air circulat
Page 472 and 473: 458 CORK INSULATION ers and cross s
Page 474 and 475: 460 CORK INSULATION States standard
Page 476 and 477: 462 CORK INSULATION temperature and
Page 478 and 479: 464 CORK INSULATION CORK PAINT.* Fo
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Page 482 and 483: 468 CORK INSULATION only 0.38; that
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Page 486 and 487: 472 CORK INSULATION possible throug
Page 488 and 489: 474 CORK INSULATION ing and heating
Page 490 and 491: 476 CORK INSULATION that for each o
Page 492 and 493: 478 CORK INSULATION case of other g
Page 494 and 495: 480 CORK INSULATION because it will
Page 496 and 497: 482 CORK INSULATION ECONOMY OF GASO
Page 498 and 499: 484 CORK INSULATION That this amoun
Page 500 and 501: 486 CORK INSULATION form on walls a
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488 CORK INSULATION Practically all
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490 CORK INSULATION for the pebbles
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492 CORK INSULATION nailed to three
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494 CORK INSULATION QUANTITIES OF C
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496 CORK INSULATION EXAMPLE OF PURC
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498 CORK INSULATION Portland cement
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500 CORK INSULATION FREIGHT CLASSIF
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502 CORK INSULATION CORK PIPE COVER
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504 CORK INSULATION to give a bette
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506 CORK INSULATION 3. Ice Water Th
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508 CORK INSULATION brought tightly
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510 CORK INSULATION A GOOD DRINK OF
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512 CORK INSULATION The Cost and th
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514 CORK INSULATION cause the agree
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516 CORK INSULATION Legality— In
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518 CORK INSULATION In general, unl
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520 CORK INSULATION the work should
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522 CORK INSULATION (1) Page $8, pa
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524 CORK INSULATION Brooks ice crea
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526 Page Depreciation in efficiency
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528 CORK INSULATION test of asphalt
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530 CORK INSULATION ice, formation
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532 Page Sealed air cells 169 Seali
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534 CORK INSULATION Page of heat by
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GOOD BOOKS YOU SHOULD HAVE These ar
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DATE DUE
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