Cork insulation; a complete illustrated textbook on cork insulation ...

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330 CORK INSULATION load on the refrigerating apparatus and equipment, and of course increasing the cost of operation excessively. At such points in the <strong>insulation</strong> where the wood remained perfectly dry, there was great danger of dry-rot, consequent weakening of supporting members, and danger to the safety of the structure. It was not at all uncommon to have the entire over-head bunker structure drop to the floor because of dryrot or wet-rot of the supporting timbers at the points where the members pie'rced the thick walls of <strong>insulation</strong> to gain sup- port in the outer walls of the building. If the construction consisted of double walls of masonry, with inside surfaces pitched, and the intervening space filled with a loose insulating material, the loose fill material settled and packed down and frequently became thoroughly water-logged and of no further value whatever as an insulator. Every possible precaution was taken to wateruroof the walls between which the loose fill <strong>insulation</strong> was placed, such as coating them with expensi^'e pure resin pitch, imported from afar, probably on the theory that water got into the <strong>insulation</strong> by penetrating such walls. However, water con- tinued to be condensed out of the air in the countless voids between particles of the <strong>insulation</strong>, from the fact of the cold storage rooms operating at temperatures low enough to throw the* dew point within the <strong>insulation</strong>, fresh air carrying more water was automatically drawn in, the <strong>insulation</strong> sucked up the precipitated water by capillarity and soon became com- pletely water-logged, as formerly. Meanwhile, in Europe, cork, possessing no capillarity but high in insulating value because of its sealed air cell structure, was being formed into slabs by gluing the cork particles together with a hot mixture of certain clays and asphalt, and these slabs were applied to the walls of cold storage rooms as <strong>insulation</strong>, and the results were heralded as being very satisfactory. The Armstrong <strong>Cork</strong> Company subsequently acquired the United States patent rights for this "impregnated" type of corkboard <strong>insulation</strong>, and constructed a factory at Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, for its production. Large quantities of this impregnated corkboard were purchased and installed, especially by the breweries ; but it was later dis- I
HISTORY OF REFRIGERATION 331 covered that such "composition" corkboard was inferior in structural strength and insulating quality to pure corkboard manufactured under the patents of John T. Smith, and with the purchase of the Nonpariel <strong>Cork</strong> Manufacturing Company and the Smith patents, by the Armstrong <strong>Cork</strong> Company, composition corkboard virtually disappeared from the market. In competition with pure corkboard, however, there was offered very early a great variety of insulating boards or slabs, made from fibrous materials of one sort or another and possessing marked affinity for water; but experience in service with all such substitutes for pure corkboard clearly and conclusively demonstrated wherein they were unsuited for cold storage temperatures, and they have virtually disappeared from the market as cold storasre insulating materials.
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^oofe^a- 1842.4 This book may be ke
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Cork Insulation A
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To the Memory of JAMES EDWARD QUIGL
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tion of cork to other and more remo
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER VI.
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X TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER XIII. C
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xii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER XVIII
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2 CORK INSULATION floats for nets,
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CORK INSULATION vfany attem])ts lia
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6 CORK INSULATION •^ 4.—Home of
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8 CORK INSULATION and fifty feet an
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CHAPTER II. CORK STRIPPING. 6.—Re
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12 CORK INSULATION the cork oak tre
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14 CORK INSULATION seasoning prelim
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CHAPTER III. USES OF CORKWOOD AND U
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S CORK INSULATION 12.—Importance
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20 CORK INSULATION usually scraped,
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22 CORK INSULATION ful utilization
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24 CORK INSULATION from capillarity
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26 CORK INSULATION in place and spi
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28 CORK INSULATION for cold storage
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30 CORK INSULATION very substantial
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Z2 CORK INSULATION came The Nonpare
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34 CORK INSULATION glass bottle, al
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36 CORK INSULATION merit and an eff
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38 CORK INSULATION Paragraph 340.
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40 CORK INSULATION turning those st
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42 CORK INSULATION tip
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44 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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46 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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IMPORTS INTO UNITED STATES CORK INS
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so CORK INSULATION IMPORTS INTO UNI
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52 CORK INSULATION < i 2
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54 CORK INSULATION
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56 CORK INSULATION
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58 CORK INSULATION IMPORTS ENTERED
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70 CORK INSULATION O" coo I lOiM <
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72 CORK INSULATION crease by its be
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74 CORK INSULATION the tube and mer
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76 CORK INSULATION cooled, the air
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78 CORK INSULATION ordinary pressur
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80 CORK INSULATION sion. If a subst
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CHAPTER VIII. MEASUREMENT OF HEAT,
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84 CORK INSULATION equal to unity,
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86 CORK INSULATION The heat of fusi
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88 CORK INSULATION vaporize, and wh
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90 CORK INSULATION a pressure of 35
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92 CORK INSULATION of such air at t
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94 CORK INSULATION RELATIVE HUMIDIT
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96 CORK INSULATION and the temperat
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98 CORK INSULATION perature of the
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100 CORK INSULATION INTERNAL THERMA
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102 CORK INSULATION usually classed
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104 CORK INSULATION lose by radiati
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106 CORK INSULATION age wall <stron
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108 CORK INSULATION It will be seen
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110 CORK INSULATION H=K A (.U—U)
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112 CORK INSULATION : equals 17917,
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114 CORK INSULATION convection, and
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116 CORK INSULATION metal boxes wit
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118 CORK INSULATION the test box wi
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120 CORK INSULATION the areas and t
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122 CORK INSULATION 79.—Tests by
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124 CORK INSULATION a narrow limit,
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126 CORK INSULATION In addition to
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128 CORK INSULATION applications we
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130 CORK INSULATION
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132 CORK INSULATION j;aii 03 O .O 2
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134 CORK INSULATION
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136 CORK INSULATION
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138 CORK INSULATION
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140 CORK INSULATION
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142 CORK INSULATION
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144 CORK INSULATION
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146 CORK INSULATION
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148 CORK INSULATION
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ISO CORK INSULATION ^ I CO « O :s
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152 CORK INSULATION
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154 CORK INSULATION
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156 CORK INSULATION o ffi K K a ,=5
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158 CORK INSULATION
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160 CORK INSULATION o ^ J W to
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162 CORK INSULATION
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164 CORK INSULATION
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166 CORK INSULATION Section XI of *
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168 CORK INSULATION capillarity, el
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170 CORK INSULATION conceivable min
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172 CORK INSULATION test consists o
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174 CORK INSULATION 85.—Convenien
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176 CORK INSULATION basement except
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CHAPTER XII. PROPER THICKNESS OF CO
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ISO CORK INSULATION i ness that wil
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182 CORK INSULATION that a small ch
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184 CORK INSULATION 91.—Proper Th
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186 CORK INSULATION license alone i
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188 CORK INSULATION In new structur
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190 CORK INSULATION ure, in closed-
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192 CORK INSULATION corner of the r
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194 CORK INSULATION should be rever
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196 CORK INSULATION cold storage ro
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198 CORK INSULATION In the early da
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200 CORK INSULATION Until comparati
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202 CORK INSULATION overcome obstac
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204 CORK INSULATION introducing pur
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206 CORK INSULATION Pure air is dif
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208 CORK INSULATION ing capacity. I
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210 CORK INSULATION A hard, repress
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212 CORK INSULATION storage room is
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216 CORK INSULATION joists of such
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218 CORK INSULATION and delicately
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220 CORK INSULATION slight variatio
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222 CORK INSULATION filler and then
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224 CORK INSULATION ating less heat
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226 CORK INSULATION The first petro
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228 CORK INSULATION to be used in a
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230 CORK INSULATION Flash Point is
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232 CORK INSULATION A suitable Asph
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234 CORK INSULATION enveloping memb
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236 CORK INSULATION fying agent, on
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238 CORK INSULATION at 105° C. The
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CHAPTER XIII. COMPLETE SPECIFICATIO
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242 CORK INSULATION 116.—Finish.
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244 CORK INSULATION a second layer
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246 CORK INSULATION one layer of ..
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248 CORK INSULATION CE/LING :-)::):
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250 CORK INSULATION into which cork
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252 CORK INSULATION 106.—Ceilings
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254 CORK INSULATION insulated, one
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256 CORK INSULATION compounds.* The
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258 CORK INSULATION to all joints i
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260 CORK INSULATION »
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262 CORK INSULATION 110.—Floors.
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264 CORK INSULATION the size of the
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266 CORK INSULATION Asphalt cement.
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268 CORK INSULATION shall then be e
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270 CORK INSULATION To the reasonab
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272 CORK INSULATION butted tight, a
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274 CORK INSULATION mixed one part
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276 CORK INSULATION consisting of .
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278 CORK INSULATION of . . .-inch p
Page 294 and 295: 280 CORK INSULATION sand* for each
Page 296 and 297: 282 CORK INSULATION To prepare Asph
Page 298 and 299: 284 CORK INSULATION must be applied
Page 300 and 301: 286 CORK INSULATION plied, and the
Page 302 and 303: 288 CORK INSULATION 122.—Second L
Page 304 and 305: 290 CORK INSULATION 124.—First La
Page 306 and 307: 292 CORK INSULATION that the forms
Page 308 and 309: 294 CORK INSULATION and all joints
Page 310 and 311: 296 CORK INSULATION Break all joint
Page 312 and 313: 298 CORK INSULATION board uncoated
Page 314 and 315: 300 CORK INSULATION area (one face
Page 316 and 317: 302 CORK INSULATION [ storage doors
Page 318 and 319: 3(X CORK INSULATION surface*, and t
Page 320 and 321: 506 CORK INSULATION floor, on a lev
Page 322 and 323: 308 CORK INSULATION See that the fi
Page 324 and 325: 310 CORK INSULATION line of the fla
Page 326 and 327: 312 CORK INSULATION corkboards are
Page 328 and 329: 314 CORK INSULATION mixed product*,
Page 330 and 331: 316 CORK INSULATION floors and baff
Page 332 and 333: 318 CORK INSULATION History also sh
Page 334 and 335: 320 CORK INSULATION into natural ic
Page 336 and 337: 322 CORK INSULATION them from freez
Page 338 and 339: 324 CORK INSULATION smaller establi
Page 340 and 341: 326 CORK INSULATION on the "Mechani
Page 342 and 343: 328 CORK INSULATION the four walls
Page 346 and 347: CHAPTER XVI. DEVELOPMENT OF THE COR
Page 348 and 349: 334 CORK INSULATION "root house," t
Page 350 and 351: 336 CORK INSULATION of the surround
Page 352 and 353: 338 CORK INSULATION to a new positi
Page 354 and 355: 340 CORK INSULATION natives who inh
Page 356 and 357: 342 CORK INSULATION Nevertheless, t
Page 358 and 359: 344 CORK INSULATION to the
Page 360 and 361: 346 CORK INSULATION quickly form a
Page 362 and 363: 348 CORK INSULATION come within the
Page 364 and 365: 350 CORK INSULATION water, and the
Page 366 and 367: 352 CORK INSULATION success, and su
Page 368 and 369: 354 CORK INSULATION ^r T"T M // lC
Page 370 and 371: 356 CORK INSULATION interlinings of
Page 372 and 373: 358 CORK INSULATION Handles and Cor
Page 374 and 375: 360 CORK INSULATION models, for ice
Page 376 and 377: 362 CORK INSULATION Doors.—Door f
Page 378 and 379: 364 CORK INSULATION triple nickel-p
Page 380 and 381: 366 CORK INSULATION JEWETT SOLID PO
Page 382 and 383: 368 CORK INSULATION of the opposite
Page 384 and 385: 370 CORK INSULATION , waterproof co
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Page 388 and 389: 374 CORK INSULATION Top Iccr.—The
Page 390 and 391: 376 CORK INSULATION COPELAND "DEPEN
Page 392 and 393: : 378 CORK INSULATION hours before
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380 CORK INSULATION j Household ref
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382 CORK INSULATION at the daily ex
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384 CORK INSULATION purposes and a
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CHAPTER XVII. DEVELOPMENT OF THE CO
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388 CORK INSULATION and practices p
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390 CORK INSULATION cream manufactu
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392 CORK INSULATION the ins
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394 CORK INSULATION heavily galvani
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396 CORK INSULATION dumping of the
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398 CORK INSULATION The Machine.—
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400 CORK INSULATION loss of efficie
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402 CORK INSULATION (b) Control of
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404 CORK INSULATION Modern Mechanic
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406 CORK INSULATION
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408 CORK INSULATION oning millions
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41C CORK INSULATION ing for the top
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412 CORK INSULATION Adjusliiii) Pla
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414 CORK INSULATION exactly in fron
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416 CORK INSULATION These compresso
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418 CORK INSULATION made to take si
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420 CORK INSULATION additional char
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422 CORK INSULATION The bottom lini
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424 CORK INSULATION Covers for Juni
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426 CORK INSULATION subject of inve
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428 CORK INSULATION lading next to
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430 CORK INSULATION warmest and the
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432 CORK INSULATION CHART IV The we
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434 CORK INSULATION That precooling
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436 CORK INSULATION Mr. President,
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438 CORK INSULATION the elimination
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440 CORK INSULATION Now let me proc
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442 CORK INSULATION of the eggs on
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444 CORK INSULATION It may be said
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446 CORK INSULATION occur. Salting
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448 CORK INSULATION the two inches
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450 CORK INSULATION ables as anythi
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452 CORK INSULATION We are continui
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454 CORK INSULATION Our object was
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456 CORK INSULATION As air circulat
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458 CORK INSULATION ers and cross s
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460 CORK INSULATION States standard
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462 CORK INSULATION temperature and
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464 CORK INSULATION CORK PAINT.* Fo
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466 CORK INSULATION strengthening c
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468 CORK INSULATION only 0.38; that
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470 CORK INSULATION
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472 CORK INSULATION possible throug
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474 CORK INSULATION ing and heating
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476 CORK INSULATION that for each o
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478 CORK INSULATION case of other g
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480 CORK INSULATION because it will
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482 CORK INSULATION ECONOMY OF GASO
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484 CORK INSULATION That this amoun
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486 CORK INSULATION form on walls a
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488 CORK INSULATION Practically all
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490 CORK INSULATION for the pebbles
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492 CORK INSULATION nailed to three
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494 CORK INSULATION QUANTITIES OF C
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496 CORK INSULATION EXAMPLE OF PURC
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498 CORK INSULATION Portland cement
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500 CORK INSULATION FREIGHT CLASSIF
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502 CORK INSULATION CORK PIPE COVER
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504 CORK INSULATION to give a bette
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506 CORK INSULATION 3. Ice Water Th
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508 CORK INSULATION brought tightly
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510 CORK INSULATION A GOOD DRINK OF
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512 CORK INSULATION The Cost and th
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514 CORK INSULATION cause the agree
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516 CORK INSULATION Legality— In
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518 CORK INSULATION In general, unl
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520 CORK INSULATION the work should
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522 CORK INSULATION (1) Page $8, pa
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524 CORK INSULATION Brooks ice crea
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526 Page Depreciation in efficiency
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528 CORK INSULATION test of asphalt
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530 CORK INSULATION ice, formation
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532 Page Sealed air cells 169 Seali
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534 CORK INSULATION Page of heat by
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GOOD BOOKS YOU SHOULD HAVE These ar
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DATE DUE
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