ORIENTAL SERIES.

DHARMA-PUTRA DHARMA-SASTRA. 89
wedded to the probable authors of the Hindu code of religion
and morals, or the equally allegorical representation of that code,
7
Dharma, moral and religious duty.'
DHAEMA-PUTEA, <
Wilson.
Son of Dharma.' A name of Yudhi-
sh/hira.
DHAEMAEA-ftTA. A sacred grove, i. A forest in Mad-
hyadesa into which Dharma retired. 2. A city
the Bamayawa as founded by Amurta-rajas, son of Kusa,
mentioned in
DHABMA-BAJA. i. Yama, king of the dead. 2. A title of
Yudhi-shtfhira, who was mythically a son of Yama.
DHARMA-A$ASTRA. A law-book or code of laws. This
term includes the whole body of Hindu law, but it is more
especially applicable to the laws of Manu, Yajnawalkya, and other
inspired sages who first recorded the Smriti or " recollections "
of what they had received from a divine source. These works
are generally
in three :
parts (i.) Achara, rules of conduct
and practice; (2.) Vyavahara, judicature; (3.) Prayaschitta,
penance.
The inspired lawgivers are spoken of as being eighteen in
number, but the names' of forty-two
old authorities are men-
tioned. Manu and Yajnawalkya stand apart by themselves at the
head of these writers. After them the eighteen other inspired
sages are recognised as the great authorities on law, and the
works ascribed to them are still extant, either wholly or par-
tially, or in an abridged form: (i.) Atri; (2.)Vishmi; (3.)
Harita; (4.)Usanas; (5.) Angiras; (6.) Yama; (7.) Apastamba;
(8. ) Samvarta ; (9. ) Katyayana ; ( i o. ) Bnhaspati ; ( 1 1. ) Parasara ;
(12.) Yyasa; (13, 14.) $ankha and Likhita, whose joint trea-
tise is frequently quoted; (15,) Daksha; (16.) Gotama; (17.)
Satatapa; (18.) Vasishha. But there are others who are
more frequently cited than many of these, as Narada, Bhngu,
Marlchi, Rasyapa, Viswamitra, and Baudhayana. Other names
that are met with are Pulastya, Gargya, Paiftnnasi, Sumantu,
Lokakshi, Kuthumi, and Dhaumya. The writings of some
of these lawgivers have appeared in different forms, and are
referred to with the descriptive epithets of Vnddha, 'old;'
Bnhat, c
'
c
great and ; Laghu, light or small'
A general collection of the Smritis or Dharma-sastras has been
printed in Calcutta under the title of Dharma-sastra-sangraha, by
Jlvanandcu