part 1: overview of cogeneration and its status in asia - Fire
part 1: overview of cogeneration and its status in asia - Fire
part 1: overview of cogeneration and its status in asia - Fire
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Sample case study <strong>in</strong> a pulp <strong>and</strong> paper mill 107<br />
5,000 kg/hr<br />
Table 2.2 Results <strong>of</strong> thermal match<strong>in</strong>g for the steam turb<strong>in</strong>e option<br />
Turb<strong>in</strong>e Inlet Steam Pressure = 7 bar<br />
Turb<strong>in</strong>e Outlet Pressure (bar)<br />
20 30 40 50 60 70 80<br />
Power Generat<strong>in</strong>g Capacity (kW) 282 353 408 451 482 504 522<br />
Electricity Generation (MWh/year) 2,111 2,462 3,059 3,375 3,608 3,777 3,906<br />
Excess(+)/Deficit(-) Power (MWh) -10,604 -10,073 -9,656 -9,340 -9,107 -8,938 -8,809<br />
Fuel Consumption (TJ/year) 122 126 129 131 133 134 135<br />
Excess(+)/Deficit(-) Heat (TJ/year) -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55 -55<br />
13,000 kg/hr<br />
Power Generat<strong>in</strong>g Capacity (kW) 733 917 1,062 1,172 1,252 1,311 1,356<br />
Electricity Generation (MWh) 5,489 6,869 7,955 8,776 9,380 9,820 10,157<br />
Excess(+)/Deficit(-) Power (MWh) -7,226 -5,846 -4,760 -3,939 -3,335 -2,895 -2,558<br />
Fuel Consumption (TJ) 318 328 336 342 346 349 352<br />
Excess(+)/Deficit(-) Heat (TJ/year) 111 111 111 111 111 111 111<br />
1,500 kW<br />
Table 2.3 Results <strong>of</strong> power match<strong>in</strong>g for the steam turb<strong>in</strong>e option<br />
Turb<strong>in</strong>e Inlet Steam Pressure = 7 bar<br />
Turb<strong>in</strong>e Outlet Pressure (bar)<br />
20 30 40 50 60 70 80<br />
Heat Generat<strong>in</strong>g Capacity, kg/hr 26,607 21,262 18,360 16,642 15,571 14,873 14,380<br />
Heat Generation, TJ/yr 495 396 342 310 290 277 268<br />
Excess(+)/Deficit(-) Heat (TJ/yr) 337 238 184 152 132 119 110<br />
Fuel Consumption, TJ/yr 650 536 474 437 414 399 389<br />
Excess(+)/Deficit Power, MWh/yr -1,480 -1,480 -1,480 -1,480 -1,480 -1,480 -1,480<br />
2,430 kW<br />
Heat Generat<strong>in</strong>g Capacity, kg/hr 43,103 34,444 29,744 26,960 25,225 24,094 23,295<br />
Heat Generation, TJ/yr 802 641 554 502 470 449 434<br />
Excess(+)/Deficit(-) Heat (TJ/yr) 644 483 396 344 312 291 276<br />
Fuel Consumption, TJ/yr 1,053 868 768 708 671 647 630<br />
Excess(+)/Deficit Power, MWh/yr 5,485 5,485 5,485 5,485 5,485 5,485 5,485<br />
Reciprocat<strong>in</strong>g Eng<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Figure 2.3 shows a reciprocat<strong>in</strong>g eng<strong>in</strong>e <strong>cogeneration</strong> system. It uses a diesel eng<strong>in</strong>e as <strong>its</strong><br />
prime mover together with heat recovery from the eng<strong>in</strong>e exhaust <strong>and</strong> eng<strong>in</strong>e jacket cool<strong>in</strong>g<br />
water. It can be operated efficiently at <strong>part</strong>ial load <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong> small sizes. Compared with steam<br />
turb<strong>in</strong>e <strong>and</strong> gas turb<strong>in</strong>e un<strong>its</strong>, Diesel eng<strong>in</strong>e with waste heat boiler has higher power to heat<br />
ratio, which ranges from 2.0 to 2.6. Table 2.4 shows <strong>its</strong> typical energy distribution.
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