part 1: overview of cogeneration and its status in asia - Fire

Summary of country study – Bangladesh 138
since the indigenous energy sources will be exploited more rationally and the national power
utility would have a lower burden of coping with the ever-increasing power demand.
Cogeneration in sugar mill
There are 15 sugar mills in Bangladesh. These mills are owned by the government but
controlled and managed by 'Bangladesh Sugar and Food Industries Corporation (BSFIC)'.
Sugarcane required by each mill is collected from its surrounding areas. The industry meets
the major requirement of country's sugar. Sugar mills also produce molasses and bagasse,
two very important by-products that are used as raw materials in distilleries and paper
industry respectively. Bagasse is also the main fuel for sugar mill boilers, producing steam
that is required in the manufacturing process of the mill. In 1993-94, these mills crushed 2.7
million tons of cane, producing close to a million tons of bagasse.
Data on installed capacity, cane crushed, turbine capacity, on-site power generation, power
purchased, are shown in Table 3.2.
Table 3.2 Data of sugar mills in Bangladesh for the milling season 1993-94
No Sugar mills Installed
capacity
Cane
crushed
Turbine
generating
capacity
Annual
operation
Power
generated
Power
purchased
(TCD) (ton) kW Days MWh MWh
1 Panchagar 1,016 143,952 2,000 150 2,967 678
2 Thakurgan 1,524 200,213 3,000 148 3,878 538
3 Setabganj 1,250 135,872 4,000 114 3,838 631
4 Shyampur 1,016 125,111 2,000 138 2,897 510
5 Rangpur 1,321 154,421 2,600 131 3,879 462
6 Jaypurhat 2,032 220,294 2,500 136 3,586 1,121
7 Rajshahi 2,000 234,072 3,500 162 5,519 1,462
8 Natore 1,500 263,941 4,000 167 5,972 786
9 North Bengal 1,500 270,979 2,000 166 4,159 1,487
10 Kushtia 1,524 162,325 3,000 130 3,104 855
11 Carew 1,150 185,752 3,000 175 3,446 2,778
12 Mobarakganj 1,500 218,985 2,000 156 1,888 736
13 Faridpur 1,016 171,431 2,000 160 299 648
14 Zeal Bangla 1,016 143,091 2,000 155 3138 739
15 Deshbandu 300 16,674 500 67 564 178
Total 19,665 2,647,113 38,100 49,134 13,610
As most sugar mills have similar configurations, one of them is described here with more
details. This mill has three water tube boilers, each with a steam generating capacity of 16
ton/hr. The pressure and temperature of the steam are 15 kg/cm 2 and 246°C respectively.
Bagasse is the primary source of which is burnt in boiler furnace to generate steam which in
turn is used to drive steam turbine generators for electricity generation required for motor
drives, driving mill drive turbines and for meeting process steam needs. One steam turbine
generator is normally operated during milling season to meet the entire electric demand.
One standby diesel generator is also available and run during emergency. Electricity is
purchased from Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) as required during cleaning
days and during off-season. There are also two crusher drive steam turbines, each of 580
HP capacity and two steam turbine generators, each of 1 MW capacity.
About 30 tons/hour of steam is produced in the boiler that has an average efficiency of 56
per cent. High-pressure steam is mainly used for steam turbine generator and crusher drive
turbines. An automatic pressure reduction valve reduces steam from 15kg/cm 2 pressure to 3
kg/cm 2 that is mainly used in centrifugals for purging molasses and washing/cleaning