part 1: overview of cogeneration and its status in asia - Fire

Sample case study in a pulp and paper mill 125
1. Economic and Technical Data
(1). Economic Data
RECIPROCATING ENGINE: POWER MATCH
Fuel Name Diesel
Fuel Net Calorific Value MJ/kg 39
Unit of Fuel Purchased (e.g. kg, m 3 , litre) kg
Fuel Purchase Price Peso/kg 2.65
Fuel Price Escalation Rate % 5.0
Boiler O & M Cost (% of Boiler Cost) % 5.0
CHP O&M Cost (% of Installation Costs) % 2.5
Escalation Rate for O&M Costs % 5.0
Standby Capacity kW 500
Insurance Cost (as % of book value of equipment) % 5.0
Service Life of Cogeneration Facilities Years 15
Salvage Value of Cogeneration Facilities Peso 0
(2) Technical Data
Power Demand to Be Met by CHP kW 1,500
Steam Process Pressure Steam Pressure Bar 7
Heat Recovery Steam Generator Efficiency % 65
Total Installation Cost Peso 48,376,832
2. Energy Analysis
(1). CHP Power to Heat Ratio
(2). Power
kW e /kW th
1.86
kW/(ton/hr Steam) 1,252
Site Electricity Requirement MWh/yr 12,715
Electricity Generation MWh/yr 11,235
Deficit(-)/Excess(+) Power MWh -1,480
(3). Heat
Site Heat Requirement TJ/yr 158.0
Heat Generating Capacity kg/hr 1,198
Heat Generation TJ/yr 24.8
Heat Utilisation TJ/yr 24.8
Deficit(-)/Excess(+) Heat TJ/yr -133.2
(4). Fuel
CHP Fuel Consumption TJ/yr 115.6
Fuel Saving Compared with Conventional Production % 30.3
3. Financial Analysis
Internal Rate of Return % 19.6
Net Present Value Peso 13,726,021
Discounted Pay-back Period Year 10.11
4. Summary: Reciprocating Engine, Power Match
Technical Parameters
Process Steam Pressure Bar 7
Power Generating Capacity kW 1,500
Steam Generating Capacity kg/hr 1,198
Power to Heat Ratio 1.86
Energy Analysis Results
kW/(ton/hr Steam) 1,252
Excess (+ )/Deficit (-) Power MWh/yr -1,480
Excess (+ )/ Deficit(-) Heat TJ/yr -133
Financial Analysis Results
Internal Rate of Return % 19.6
Net Present Value Peso 13,726,021
Discounted Pay-back Period Year 10.11