csefh - Kinder-Umwelt-Gesundheit

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Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook Chapter 9 - Intake of Fruits and Vegetables Table 9-17. Characteristics of WIC Participants and Non-participantsa (Percentages) (continued) Infants 4 to 6 months WIC Participant Non-participant Infants 7 to 11 months WIC Participant Non-participant Toddlers 12 to 24 months WIC Participant Non-participant Mother or Female Guardian Works ** * Yes 46 No 53 Missing 1 51 48 1 Urbanicity ** ** ** Urban 34 Suburban 36 Rural 28 Missing 2 Sample Size 265 (Unweighted) a WIC Source: 55 31 13 1 597 45 54 1 37 31 30 2 351 X2 test were conducted to test for statistical significance in the differences between WIC participants and non-participants within each age group for each variable. The results of X2 test are listed next to the variable under the column labeled non-participants for each of the three age groups. * P0.01; non-participants significantly different from WIC participants on the variable. = Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. Ponza et al., 2004. Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook Page September 2008 9-31 60 40 0 50 34 15 1 808 55 45 0 35 35 28 2 205 61 38 1 48 35 16 2 791
Vegetables Any Vegetable Baby Food Vegetables Cooked Vegetables Raw Vegetables Dark Green Vegetables Deep Yellow Vegetables Other Starchy Vegetables Potatoes Any Fruit Baby Food Fruits Non-Baby Food Fruit Fresh Fruit Canned Fruit Table 9-18. Food Choices for Infants and Toddlers by WIC Participation Status Infants 4 to 6 months WIC Non- Participant participant 40.2 32.9 8.0 1.4 0.4 23.2 6.5 6.0 47.8 43.8 8.1 5.4 3.4 39.8 37.0 3.9* 0.1** 0.0 28.1 6.4 2.4* 39.2* 36.9 4.0 3.8 0.5** Fruits Infants 7 to 11 months WIC Non- Participant participant 68.2 38.2 33.8 3.6 2.9 30.1 12.9 20.7 64.7 48.4 22.9 14.3 10.3 70.7 45.0 33.8 4.1 4.0 34.8 15.2 18.2 81.0** 57.4* 35.9** 24.3** 17.3** Toddlers 12 to 24 months WIC Non- Participant participant Sample Size (unweighted) 265 597 351 808 205 791 * ** WIC Source: = P
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National Center for Environmental A
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CSEFH TABLE OF CONTENTS Child-Speci
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CSEFH 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continue
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CSEFH TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
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CSEFH TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
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CSEFH 16 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continu
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CSEFH LIST OF TABLES Child-Specific
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CSEFH LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Ch
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CSEFH ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Ch
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CSEFH OPP = Office of Pesticide Pro
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CSEFH EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Child-
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CSEFH were discussed in the guideli
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CSEFH Table ES-1. Summary of Recomm
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CSEFH Youngmoo Kim, U.S. EPA, Regio
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Child-Specific Exposure Factors Han
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exposure assessor) to distinguish b
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is perhaps the most common method o
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uncertainty is high, a sensitivity
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Peretz, C.; Goldberg, P.; Kahan, E.
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Table 2-3. Approaches to Quantitati
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water ingestion is summarized. Rele
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3.3 DRINKING WATER INGESTION STUDIE
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that the three-day diary has been s
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million. In addition, whites were u
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an indicator of pool water ingestio
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Table 3-4. Per Capita a Estimates o
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Table 3-8. Per Capitaa Estimates of
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Table 3-11. Per Capita a Estimates
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Table 3-14. Consumers Onlya Estimat
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Table 3-18. Consumers Onlya Estimat
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Table 3-21. Consumers Only a Estima
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Water Ingested (mL/day) a from Wate
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Table 3-26. Plain Tap Water and Tot
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Total fluid Plain water Milk Carbon
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Tap Water Intake in Breastfed and F
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Table 3-32. Mean (± Standard Devia
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Study Group Table 3-34. Pool Water
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of specific mouthing events, expres
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Table 4-2. Confidence in Recommenda
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their children’s mouthing behavio
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to mouth activity was recorded duri
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contacts occurring during the objec
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unlikely to be representative of th
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2 to 3 days old, in a quiet, temper
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waking hours. Parents also recorded
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outdoor mouthing rates. The authors
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Activity Data of Two- to Four-Year-
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Table 4-6. Variability in Objects M
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Behavior Child-Specific Exposure Fa
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Table 4-17. Estimated Mean Daily Mo
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Age Group Birth to
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8.3 KEY BODY WEIGHT STUDY 8.3.1 U.S
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III (1966-70) for ages 12-17 years,
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8.4.9 Kahn and Stralka, 2008 - Esti
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Table 8-3. Mean and Percentile Body
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Page Child-Specific Exposure Factor
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Table 8-8. Statistics for Probabili
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Page 293 and 294: Child-Specific Exposure Factors Han
Page 295 and 296: Figure 8-2. Weight by Age Percentil
Page 297 and 298: Figure 8-4. Weight by Length Percen
Page 299 and 300: Figure 8-6. Body Mass Index-for-Age
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Page 307 and 308: Age Group a Child-Specific Exposure
Page 309 and 310: Age Group a Child-Specific Exposure
Page 313 and 314: Source: Gestational Age (weeks) 25
Page 315 and 316: of the food consumed after the mois
Page 317 and 318: Minimal (or Defined) Bias Child-Spe
Page 319 and 320: 9.3 INTAKE STUDIES The primary sour
Page 321 and 322: 9.3.2 Relevant Fruit and Vegetable
Page 323 and 324: Weighted data were used in all of t
Page 335 and 336: Page Child-Specifi c Exposur e Fact
Page 343: Child-Specific Exposure Factors Han
Page 347 and 348: 4 to 5 months 6 to 11 months 12 to
Page 349 and 350: All fruits Canned fruit Fresh fruit
Page 351 and 352: Table 9-23. Mean Moisture Content o
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Page 365 and 366: a Table 10-1. Recommended Values fo
Page 367 and 368: 10.3 GENERAL POPULATION STUDIES 10.
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Page 393 and 394: Species a Anadromous fish Pelagic f
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Lingcod Mackerel, Atlantic Mackerel
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Child-Specific Exposur e Factor s H
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Total Grains 95000060 15000250 1500
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National Center for Environmental A
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