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Table 17-2. Amount and Frequency of Use of Various Cosmetic and Baby Products (continued) Amount of Product Per Application a (g) Average Frequency of Use (per day) Upper 90th Percentile Frequency of Use (per day) Product Type Survey Type Survey Type Marketb CTFA Cosmetic Co. Research Bureau CTFA Cosmetic Co. Market Research Bureau Paste Masks (mud packs) 3.7 0.027 0.20 – 0.14 Skin Lighteners -- – 0.024 – – Skin Fresheners & Astringents 2.0 0.33 0.56 – Wrinkle Smoothers (removers) 0.38 0.021 0.15 – Facial Cream 0.55 0.0061 – – Permanent Wave 101 0.003 – 0.001 Hair Straighteners 0.156 0.0007 – -- Hair Dye -- 0.001 – 0.005 Hair Lighteners -- 0.0003 – – Hair Bleaches -- 0.0005 – – Hair Tints – 0.0001 – – Hair Rinse (coloring) – 0.0004 – – Shampoo (coloring) – 0.0005 – – Hair Color Spray -- – – – Shave Cream 1.73 – – 0.082 d 1.0 1.0d 0.0061 0.0082 0.005d 0.004d 0.005d 0.02d 0.005d 0.02d 0.02d – d 0.43 0.14 -- d - - 1.43 - 1.0 - – - – 0.005 – - – 0.014 – - – - – - – - – - – - – 0.36 a Values reported are the averages of the responses reported by the twenty companies interviewed. (--'s) indicate no data available. b The averages shown for the Market Research Bureau are not true averages - this is due to the fact that in many cases the class of most frequent users were indicated by "1 or more" also ranges were used in many cases, i.e., "10-12." The average, therefore, is underestimated slightly. The "1 or more" designation also skew the 90th percentile figures in many instances. The 90th percentile values may, in actuality, be somewhat higher for many products. c Average usage among users only for baby products. d Usage data reflected "entire household" use for both baby lotion and baby oil. e Fewer than 10% of individuals surveyed used these products. Value listed is lowest frequency among individuals reporting usage. In the case of wave sets, skin lighteners, and hair color spray, none of the individuals surveyed by the CTFA used this product during the period of the study. f Usage data reflected "entire household" use. g Usage data reflected total bath product usage. h None of the individuals surveyed reported using this product. Source: CTFA, 1983. Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook Chapter 17 - Consumer Products Page Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook 17-12 September 2008
Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook Chapter 17 - Consumer Products Table 17-3. Number of Minutes Spent in Activities Working With or Near Freshly Applied Paints (minutes/day) Age Group N 1 2 5 10 25 Percentiles 50 75 90 95 98 99 100 1 to 4 years 7 3 3 3 3 5 15 121 121 121 121 121 121 5 to 11 years 12 5 5 5 15 20 45 120 120 121 121 121 121 12 to 17 years 20 0 0 0.5 3 8 45 75 121 121 121 121 121 18 to 64 years 212 0 0 1 2 11 60 121 121 121 121 121 121 Note: A value of "121" for number of minutes signifies that more than 120 minutes were spent; N = doer sample size; percentiles are the percentage of doers below or equal to a given number of minutes. Source: U.S. EPA, 1996. Table 17-4. Number of Minutes Spent in Activities Working With or Near Household Cleaning Agents Such as Scouring Powders or Ammonia (minutes/day) Age Group N 1 2 5 10 25 Percentiles 50 75 90 95 98 99 100 1 to 4 years 21 0 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 30 121 121 121 5 to 11 years 26 1 1 2 2 3 5 15 30 30 30 30 30 12 to 17 years 41 0 0 0 0 2 5 10 40 60 60 60 60 18 to 64 years 672 0 0 1 2 5 10 20 60 121 121 121 121 Note: A value of "121" for number of minutes signifies that more than 120 minutes were spent; N = doer sample size; percentiles are the percentage of doers below or equal to a given number of minutes. Source: U.S. EPA, 1996. Table 17-5. Number of Minutes Spent in Activities (at home or elsewhere) Working With or Near Floorwax, Furniture Wax or Shoe Polish (minutes/day) Age Group N 1 2 5 10 25 Percentiles 50 75 90 95 98 99 100 1 to 4 years 13 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 60 121 121 121 121 5 to 11 years 21 0 0 2 2 3 5 10 35 60 120 120 120 12 to 17 years 15 0 0 0 1 2 10 25 45 121 121 121 121 18 to 64 years 238 0 0 2 3 5 15 30 120 121 121 121 121 Note: A value of "121" for number of minutes signifies that more than 120 minutes were spent; N = doer sample size; percentiles are the percentage of doers below or equal to a given number of minutes. Source: U.S. EPA, 1996. Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook Page September 2008 17-13
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National Center for Environmental A
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CSEFH TABLE OF CONTENTS Child-Speci
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CSEFH 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continue
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CSEFH TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
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CSEFH TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
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CSEFH 16 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continu
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CSEFH LIST OF TABLES Child-Specific
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CSEFH LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Ch
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CSEFH ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Ch
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CSEFH OPP = Office of Pesticide Pro
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CSEFH EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Child-
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CSEFH were discussed in the guideli
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CSEFH Table ES-1. Summary of Recomm
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CSEFH Youngmoo Kim, U.S. EPA, Regio
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Child-Specific Exposure Factors Han
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exposure assessor) to distinguish b
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is perhaps the most common method o
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uncertainty is high, a sensitivity
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Peretz, C.; Goldberg, P.; Kahan, E.
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Table 2-3. Approaches to Quantitati
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water ingestion is summarized. Rele
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3.3 DRINKING WATER INGESTION STUDIE
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that the three-day diary has been s
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million. In addition, whites were u
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an indicator of pool water ingestio
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Table 3-4. Per Capita a Estimates o
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Table 3-8. Per Capitaa Estimates of
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Table 3-11. Per Capita a Estimates
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Table 3-14. Consumers Onlya Estimat
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Table 3-18. Consumers Onlya Estimat
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Table 3-21. Consumers Only a Estima
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Water Ingested (mL/day) a from Wate
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Table 3-26. Plain Tap Water and Tot
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Total fluid Plain water Milk Carbon
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Tap Water Intake in Breastfed and F
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Table 3-32. Mean (± Standard Devia
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Study Group Table 3-34. Pool Water
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of specific mouthing events, expres
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Table 4-2. Confidence in Recommenda
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their children’s mouthing behavio
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to mouth activity was recorded duri
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contacts occurring during the objec
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unlikely to be representative of th
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2 to 3 days old, in a quiet, temper
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waking hours. Parents also recorded
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outdoor mouthing rates. The authors
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Activity Data of Two- to Four-Year-
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Table 4-6. Variability in Objects M
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Behavior Child-Specific Exposure Fa
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Table 4-17. Estimated Mean Daily Mo
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Age Group Birth to
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8.3 KEY BODY WEIGHT STUDY 8.3.1 U.S
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III (1966-70) for ages 12-17 years,
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8.4.9 Kahn and Stralka, 2008 - Esti
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Table 8-3. Mean and Percentile Body
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Page Child-Specific Exposure Factor
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Table 8-8. Statistics for Probabili
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Figure 8-2. Weight by Age Percentil
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Figure 8-4. Weight by Length Percen
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Figure 8-6. Body Mass Index-for-Age
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Age Group a Child-Specific Exposure
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Age Group a Child-Specific Exposure
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Source: Gestational Age (weeks) 25
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of the food consumed after the mois
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Minimal (or Defined) Bias Child-Spe
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9.3 INTAKE STUDIES The primary sour
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9.3.2 Relevant Fruit and Vegetable
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Weighted data were used in all of t
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Page Child-Specifi c Exposur e Fact
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Vegetables Any Vegetable Baby Food
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4 to 5 months 6 to 11 months 12 to
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All fruits Canned fruit Fresh fruit
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Table 9-23. Mean Moisture Content o
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eported on fish intake for children
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a Table 10-1. Recommended Values fo
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10.3 GENERAL POPULATION STUDIES 10.
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Minnesota, and North Dakota. While
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elow the value of 8 ounces most com
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into a single pooled data set is so
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as described in Section 10.6.1.2, a
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Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Co
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Table 10-12. Fish Consumption Among
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Table 10-18. Mean Fish Intake Among
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Table 10-23. Consumption Rates for
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Species a Anadromous fish Pelagic f
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Lingcod Mackerel, Atlantic Mackerel
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Child-Specific Exposur e Factor s H
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Total Grains 95000060 15000250 1500
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