Invasive breast carcinoma - IARC

A
Fig. 3.11 Adenomatoid tumour. A The wall of the fallopian tube contains a solid mass. Note the uninvolved cross section of the tube on the right. B Variably shaped
small cystic spaces and tubule-like structures proliferate in the wall of the tube. The mucosa is on the right.
B
evidence of trophoblastic proliferation in
addition to hydropic swelling of the villi.
Placental site nodule
Placental site nodule is an asymptomatic
non-neoplastic proliferation of interm e d i a t e
t rophoblast from a previous gestation that
failed to involute. This lesion has re c e n t l y
been re p o rted to occur at the site of an
ectopic gestation; two were located in the
fallopian tube and one in the broad ligament
in direct contact with the tube {391,1514}.
Other tumours
Adenomatoid tumour
ICD-O code 9054/0
The adenomatoid tumour is the most frequent
type of benign tubal tumour and
usually is found as an incidental finding in
a middle-aged or elderly woman {1290}.
It typically appears as a gre y, white or yellow
nodular swelling measuring 1-2 cm in
diameter located beneath the tubal
s e rosa The tumour may be large enough
to displace the tubal lumen eccentrically
{2787}. Rare examples are bilateral
{3230}. It originates from the mesothelium
and is composed of gland-like structure s
lined by flat to cuboidal cells {2787}.
Germ cell tumours
To date only about 50 teratomas of the tube
have been re p o rted {1242,3051, 3189}.
Many of them were found incidentally,
measuring 1-2 cm in diameter, and none
has been diagnosed pre o p e r a t i v e . l yThe
patients have the risk factors for ectopic
p regnancy such as prior salpingitis and
tubal occlusion {1953}. A malignant mixed
g e rm cell tumour has been re p o rted {1652}.
Soft tissue tumours
Primary sarcomas of the fallopian tube
are exceedingly rare; approximately 37
cases have been reported in the literature
in more than 100 years {1322}. The
clinical signs and symptoms are usually
non-specific and include lower abdominal
pain and pelvic pressure. The age at
diagnosis varies from 21-70 years with a
median of 47 years.
Leiomyosarcoma is the most common
type and may arise from the tube or
broad ligament {1322}. Other reported
fallopian tube or broad ligament malignancies
include chondrosarcoma {2245},
e m b ryonal rhabdomyosarcoma {361},
myxoid liposarcoma {2708} and Ewing
tumour {1692}. The prognosis is poor,
although several long-term survivors
have been reported {1322}.
Malignant lymphoma and
leukaemia
Tubal involvement by lymphoma is rare
and is associated almost invariably with
simultaneous involvement of the ipsilateral
ovary {2119}. In one large series more
than 25% of patients with ovarian lymphoma
had tubal involvement, most often
by Burkitt or Burkitt-like (small noncleaved
cell) lymphoma or diffuse largecell
lymphoma {2119}. One example of
an apparent primary malignant lymphoma
of the fallopian tube has been
observed {2605}. The tube may also be
infiltrated in cases of leukaemia {428}.
Secondary tumours
Metastatic tumours involving the tube
usually are the result of secondary
spread from carcinomas of the ovary or
endometrium {3145}. In most cases, the
spread is by direct extension. In one
study 89% of secondary carcinomas in
the tube were of ovarian origin, and the
remainder originated in the endometrium.
Blood-borne metastases from breast
carcinomas or other extrapelvic tumours
may also occur {862,3145}. The authors
are aware of a case of adenocarcinoma
of the gallbladder metastatic to the fallopian
tube {862}.
Tumours of the fallopian tube 211