Invasive breast carcinoma - IARC

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G GADD45, 343, 353 GCDFP-15, 25, 33, 36, 37, 44, 45 Gelatinous carcinoma, 30 Genital rhabdomyoma, 282, 304 Gestational choriocarcinoma, 168, 182, 186, 210, 251, 334 Gestational trophoblastic disease, 210, 250 GFAP, 86, 174 Glandular dysplasia, 265, 276 Glassy cell carcinoma, 228, 277, 279 Glioblastoma, 171, 174 Gliomatosis peritonei, 170 Glomus tumour, 171, 175, 283, 330 Glycogen-rich carcinoma, 46 Goblet cell, 124-127, 156, 173, 195, 206, 224, 272 Goldenhar syndrome, 149 Gonadoblastoma, 163, 164, 167, 176- 179 Grading of invasive carcinoma, 18 Granular cell tumour, 36, 37, 94, 283, 327, 330 Granulocytic sarcoma, 109, 191, 192, 196, 311, 334 Granulosa cell tumour, 131, 134, 145- 151, 159, 160, 183, 196, 215 Granulosa-stromal cell tumours, 160 GRB7, 53 Gynaecomastia, 90, 91, 110, 111 Gynandroblastoma, 158, 159 H 5-HIAA, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 173 Haemangioblastoma, 94 Haemangioma, 89, 94, 244, 283, 330 Haemangiomatosis, 149, 357 Haemangiopericytoma, 90, 244 Haemangiosarcoma, 94 Haematoperitoneum, 186 Haematosalpinx, 206 Haemorrhagic cellular leiomyoma, 240 HAIR-AN syndrome, 189 Hamartoma, 98, 100, 355, 357 H a m a rtomatous polyps of the colon, 356 HBME1, 244 H-caldesmon, 234, 235, 240, 243 Hepatocellular carcinoma, 184, 353 Hepatoid carcinoma, 182, 184 Hepatoid yolk sac tumour, 165, 184 HER2, 51, 58 Herceptin, 58, 73 Hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome, 208 Hereditary colorectal endometrial cancer syndrome, 358 Hereditary defective mismatch repair syndrome, 358 Hereditary fallopian tube carcinoma, 340, 347 Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer syndrome, 53, 118, 132, 232, 337, 358-360 Hibernoma, 94 HIC1, 52 Hilus cell tumour, 161 Hirsutism, 154, 157, 190 Histiocytoid carcinoma, 46 HIV, 262, 269, 319, 320 HMB45, 106, 109 HMGIC, 230, 242 HMGIY, 230, 242 HNPCC, see Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer Homunculus, 170 HPV, see Human papilloma virus hRad50-hMre11-NBS1p95 (R/M/N) complex, 342 HRAS1, 343 Human papillomavirus, 226, 227, 262, 265-271, 293, 295, 296, 311, 316-321 Hydatidiform mole, 182, 186, 210, 250- 252, 254 Hydrosalpinx, 206 Hypercalcaemia, 137, 138, 148, 182 Hyperoestrinism, 146, 221, 222, 225 Hyperplasia of the usual type, 65 Hyperplasias without atypia of the endometrium 229 Hyperreactio luteinalis, 189 I IGF2R, 52 IGF-binding proteins, 16 Immature teratoma, 166, 169-171, 174, 188 Infiltrating ductal carcinoma, 19, 20, 22, 23, 28, 31 Infiltrating epitheliosis, 83 Infiltrating myoepithelioma, 88 Infiltrating syringomatous adenoma, 39, 105 Inflammatory carcinoma, 47 Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour, 92, 93 I n f l a m m a t o y rpseudotumour, 93 Inhibin, 131, 135, 138, 147, 148, 150, 151, 154, 156, 157, 159-161, 174, 180, 182, 187, 188, 213, 234, 243, 255 Insulin-growth factor-I, 16 Intercellular adhesion molecule-1, 29 Intestinal-type borderline tumour, 127, 129 Intracystic papillary carcinoma, 34, 79, 80 Intraductal carcinoma, 27, 46, 67, 105, 106 Intraductal hyperplasia, 65 Intraductal papillary carcinoma, 76, 78, 79, 80 Intraductal papillary neoplasms, 76 Intraductal papilloma, 76, 78, 81, 85 Intraductal proliferative lesions, 63, 64, 77 Intravenous leiomyomatosis, 216, 235, 237, 241, 242 Invasive breast carcinoma, 13, 18, 58, 63, 64, 71, 78, 96, 112, 362 Invasive cribriform carcinoma, 22, 27, 28 Invasive ductal carcinoma, 18-20, 35, 57, 64, 72, 73, 353 Invasive ductal carcinoma, no specific type, 19 Invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, 19 Invasive hydatidiform mole, 254 Invasive lobular carcinoma, 20, 23, 32, 36, 42, 49, 51, 61, 62, 338, 346 Invasive micropapillary carcinoma, 35 Invasive papillary carcinoma, 34, 35 Inverted follicular keratosis, 321 J JAZF1, JJAZ1, 234 Juvenile carcinoma, 42 Juvenile fibroadenoma, 99 Juvenile granulosa cell tumour, 146, 148, 174, 182 K Keratinizing type squamous cell carcinoma, 266, 267, 316, 317 Keratoacanthoma, 317, 321 Ki-67, 57, 270, 272 428 Subject Index
Koilocytosis, 267, 270, 271, 294, 295, 296, 320, 321 KRAS, 120, 125, 129, 145, 202, 231, 281 Krukenberg tumour, 153, 190, 193-196 L Lactating adenoma, 84 Laminin, 27, 28, 44, 53, 81, 82, 278 Large cell keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, 38 Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, 33, 184, 279 Large duct papilloma, 76 LCIS, see Lobular carcinoma in situ Leiomyoblastoma, 238, 241 Leiomyoma, 98, 215, 216, 233-237, 239-242, 244, 256, 281, 282, 304, 327, 330, 355 Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata, 200 Leiomyosarcoma, 98, 175, 196, 211, 215, 233, 236-240, 245, 280, 281, 283, 302, 303, 305, 326, 330 Leukaemia, 49, 109, 191, 192, 196, 211, 289, 311, 334, 351, 361 Leukoplakia, 264 Leuprolide, 238 Leydig cell tumour, 131, 154, 158, 160, 161 Leydig cell tumour, non-hilar type, 161 Lichen sclerosus, 316 Li-Fraumeni syndrome, 65, 67, 351, 352, 354 LIN, s e e Lobular intraepithelial neoplasia Lipid cell tumour, 160 Lipid secreting carcinoma, 41 Lipid-rich carcinoma, 41 Lipofuscin, 22, 154, 160, 161 Lipoleiomyoma, 237, 241, 244 Lipoma, 93, 94, 103, 175, 244, 283, 330 Lipomatosis, 357 Liposarcoma, 40, 96, 97, 101, 211, 215, 244, 246, 282, 326, 327, 329 Lobular carcinoma in situ, 23-25, 53, 60, 61, 74, 338, 346 Lobular intraepithelial neoplasia, 60-62, 81, 101, 106, 112 Lobular neoplasia, 20, 26, 60, 71, 75, 338 Louis-Bar Syndrome, 361 Low grade adenosquamous carcinoma, 39, 105 Luteinized thecoma, 149, 150, 158 Luteoma of pregnancy, 160, 188, 189, 196 Ly m p h a n g i o s a rcoma, 94, 188 Lymphoblastic lymphoma, 107 Lymphoedema, 95, 96, 263 Lymphoepithelioma, 29, 207, 266-268 Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, 207, 267, 268 Lymphoma, 108, 191, 289, 310 Lynch syndrome, 358 Lysozyme, 45, 196, 311 M M6P/IGF2R, 52 Macrocephaly, 355, 357 Maffucci syndrome, 149, 151 Major duct papilloma, 76 Malignant Brenner tumour, 140, 142 Malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 96, 175, 244, 282, 304 Malignant lymphoma, 107, 109, 112, 183, 191, 192, 211, 256, 311, 334 Malignant melanoma, 22, 23, 106, 109, 112, 160, 171, 196, 287, 308, 317, 331-334, 353 Malignant mesodermal mixed tumour, 133, 245, 306 Malignant mesothelioma, 182, 185, 197- 199 Malignant mixed epithelial tumour, 144 Malignant müllerian mixed tumour, 130, 133, 149, 156, 188, 210, 245, 284, 306 Malignant myoepithelioma, 86, 88 Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, 188, 244, 280-282, 304 Malignant pigmented neuroectodermal tumour of infancy, 244 Malignant rhabdoid tumour, 244, 327 Malignant struma, 171, 172 Malignant sweat gland tumour, 324 MALT lymphoma, 108, 109 Mammary hamartoma, 103 Mammary osteogenic sarcoma, 97 Masculinization, 189 Maspin, 86 Massive ovarian oedema, 190 Matrix producing carcinoma, 37, 40 Mature cystic teratoma, 163, 170, 174, 287, 288, 310 Mature teratoma, 168-171, 174, 175, 215, 288 MDM2, 53, 250, 352, 353 Medullary carcinoma, 20, 28, 34, 57, 109, 338 Medulloblastoma, 174 Medulloepithelioma, 174 Megencephaly, 355 Meigs syndrome, 151, 172, 215 Melan A, 188, 332 Melanocytic naevus, 171, 175, 308, 309, 331, 333 Melanocytic tumours, 175, 308, 331 Melanotic paraganglioma, 255 Menometrorrhagia, 154, 157, 221 Mental retardation, 355 Merkel cell tumour, 333 Mesonephric adenocarcinoma, 272, 274, 275, 284, 297, 300 Metaplastic carcinoma, 37, 39-41, 85, 97, 133, 245, 246, 284, 306 Metaplastic papillary tumour, 209 Metastasizing leiomyoma, 242 Metastatic hydatidiform mole, 254 MIB-1, 57 MIC2, 174, 183 Microglandular adenosis, 27, 82 Microinvasive carcinoma, 49, 74, 75, 269, 316 Microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma, 268, 269 Micropapillary pattern, 26, 70, 123 Micropapillomatosis labialis, 320 Microsatellite instability, 53, 131, 132, 231, 232, 358, 360 Microscopic papilloma, 77 Minimal deviation adenocarcinoma, 265, 272, 273, 285, 286 Mismatch repair, 53, 132, 232, 337, 358, 360 Mitotically active leiomyoma, 240 Mixed ductal-lobular carcinoma, 25 Mixed endometrial stromal and smooth muscle tumour, 235, 242 Mixed epithelial tumour, 143, 144 Mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumour, 176, 178, 179 Mixed gonadal dysgenesis, 177 Mixed type carcinoma, 21, 24, 27 MLH1, 53, 118, 131, 132, 337, 342, 358-361 MLH3, 359, 360 MMR, 358, 360 Monoclonality, 265 Monodermal teratoma, 171, 175 References 429
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Previous volumes in this series Kle
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World Health Organization Classific
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Published by IARC Press, Internatio
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CHAPTER 1 Tumours of the Breast Can
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TNM classification of carcinomas of
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Invasive breast carcinoma I.O. Elli
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Rapid growth and greater adult heig
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tives, administrative and clerical
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Grade 1 - well differentiated: 3-5
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ent and this is occasionally extens
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Most melanotic tumours of the breas
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A Fig. 1.22 A Classic invasive lobu
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yet others at 90% {97,2147}. For pr
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Fig. 1.27 Medullary carcinoma. The
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myoepithelial cells in fibro a d e
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A Fig. 1.33 Neuroendocrine carcinom
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Macroscopy Fisher et al. reported t
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Fig. 1.39 Apocrine carcinoma. Note
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cells contain intracytoplasmic lume
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A Fig. 1.50 Carcinosarcoma. A Two a
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A B C Fig. 1.75 Lobular neoplasia.
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Intraductal proliferative lesions F
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A B absence of either microcalcific
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Fig. 1.83 Atypical ductal hyperplas
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A B Fig. 1.88 Large excision biopsy
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unusual variants as well. Using thi
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esemble those identified in invasiv
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A B Fig. 1.97 Microinvasive carcino
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A Papilloma may be subject to morph
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A B C Fig. 1.103 Papillary intraduc
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colour measuring from 0.5 to 12 cm.
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Immunoprofile The cases studied by
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Glycogen-rich, clear cell carcinoma
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Differential diagnosis There may be
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quality metaphase spreads from an i
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Fig. 1.67 Lobular carcinoma of brea
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detectable distant metastasis displ
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detected at a late stage as small t
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Extent of ductal carcinoma in situ
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Benign epithelial proliferations G.
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Fig. 1.112 Microglandular adenosis.
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A Apocrine adenoma ICD-O code 8401/
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A B Fig. 1.128 Adenomyoepithelioma,
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Mesenchymal tumours M. Drijkoningen
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1113,1275}. There is a complex patt
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A B Fig. 1.137 A Lipoma. Intraparen
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Fig. 1.141 Angiosarcoma after breas
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A Fig. 1.144 Mammary osteosarcoma.
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Fibroepithelial tumours J.P. Belloc
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aged women (average age of presenta
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lished data suggests a 21% rate of
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A Fig. 1.157 Syringomatous adenoma
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Malignant lymphoma and metastatic t
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used. Inflammatory conditions in th
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male population both in the USA and
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CHAPTER 2 Tumours of the Ovary and
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Polyembryoma 9072/3 Non-gestational
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Surface epithelial-stromal tumours
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A Fig. 2.04 A Serous borderline tum
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A Fig. 2.06 Serous borderline tumou
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A Fig. 2.10 Invasive peritoneal imp
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Fig. 2.15 Mucinous carcinoma with i
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Fig. 2.20 Mucinous endocervical-lik
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A Fig. 2.28 Mucinous cystic tumour
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early secretory endometrium {2605}.
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IV, 6% {2233}. Patients with grade
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A Fig. 2.37 A This polypoid intracy
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Fig. 2.40 Endometrioid cyst with at
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1 tumours are extremely rare. Almos
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Fig. 2.50 Borderline Brenner tumour
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express thrombomodulin and have bee
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serous and transitional cell carcin
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is yellow to tan with a variable ad
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Genetic susceptibility JGCTs may pr
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Clinical features F i b romas may b
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distinguishes this tumour from the
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A Fig. 2.77 A Retiform Sertoli-Leyd
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Mean ages of 21 and 38 years and me
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Tumours unassociated with PJS form
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mal origin without crystals of Rein
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Germ cell tumours F. Nogales A. Tal
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cases, anisokaryosis has no prognos
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ation may coexist in the same neopl
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Table 2.06 Grading of ovarian immat
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A B Fig. 2.102 A Mature cystic tera
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Diagnostic procedures Elevated urin
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associated with mature teratomas sh
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atives intimately admixed. The germ
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Fig. 2.113 Mixed germ cell-sex cord
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A Fig. 2.116 A Adenomatous hyperpla
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Fig. 2.117 Small cell carcinoma, hy
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Clinical features Adenoid cystic-li
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Histopathology This epithelial tumo
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sis. Corpus luteum of pregnancy has
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Lymphomas and leukaemias L.M. Roth
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Secondary tumours of the ovary J. P
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Occasionally, the colonic adenocarc
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Peritoneal tumours S.C. Mok J.O. Sc
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A B Fig. 2.140 Cystic adenomatoid m
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whelmingly poor {1038,1547,2310}. H
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CHAPTER 3 Tumours of the Fallopian
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TNM and FIGO classification of carc
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Endometrioid adenocarcinoma Endomet
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Two examples of adenofibroma of bor
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A Fig. 3.11 Adenomatoid tumour. A T
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Clinical features Patients range in
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Fig. 3.16 Uterus-like mass. The cys
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CHAPTER 4 Tumours of the Uterine Co
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TNM and FIGO classification of non-
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Epithelial tumours and related lesi
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endometrioid adenocarcinoma fro m a
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fers from the prototypical type I e
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the ovary and bladder. Unlike prima
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schema {1535,2602}. Although this c
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Table 4.03 Altered gene function in
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Mesenchymal tumours and related les
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areas are limited to less than 30%
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A B C Fig. 4.30 Leiomyosarcoma. A T
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e used sparingly and is reserved fo
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A B Fig. 4.38 Leiomyoma with perino
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cytological atypia, tumour cell nec
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Mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tu
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Prognosis and predictive factors Th
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tumours may superficially invade th
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A Fig. 4.46 A Gestational choriocar
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A Fig. 4.49 A Classic complete hyda
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Sex cord-like, neuroectodermal and
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Secondary tumours of the uterine co
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WHO histological classification of
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Epithelial tumours M. Wells J.M. Ne
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Fig. 5.04 Mechanisms of human papil
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Fig. 5.08 Keratinizing squamous cel
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in their Asian population {2957}. I
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have a strong association with high
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e red by squamous epithelium {380}.
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endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the
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metrial epithelium. In some cases t
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with distinct cell borders and a gr
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Mesenchymal tumours M.L. Carcangiu
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{781}, liposarcoma {2840,3016}, ost
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Mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tu
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Fig. 5.44 Wilms tumour. The tumour
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A Fig. 5.47 Implant of endometrial
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CHAPTER 6 Tumours of the Vagina Alt
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Epithelial tumours E.S. Andersen A.
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Aetiology The fact that both VAIN a
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Fig. 6.10 Fibroepithelial polyp.A m
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er of mitoses varies but is usually
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ICD-O codes Adenosquamous carcinoma
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A C Fig. 6.17 Sarcoma botryoides. A
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1-11 cm. They may arise anywhere in
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elsewhere in the female genital tra
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A Fig. 6.24 Yolk sac tumour. A The
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g rowing in sheets. Some may have s
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WHO histological classification of
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Epithelial tumours E.J. Wilkinson M
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even with additional sectioning, it
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type) is a highly diff e rentiated
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Clinical features Bartholin gland c
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glandular elements surrounded by fi
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Mesenchymal tumours R.L. Kempson M.
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Table 7.03 Differential diagnosis o
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Prognosis and predictive factors A
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Table 7.04 Clark levels of cutaneou
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A Fig. 7.23 Vulvar peripheral primi
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Familial aggregation of cancers of
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BRCA1 syndrome Definition Inherited
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dispose individuals to the developm
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Fig. 8.05 To assess whether wild-ty
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Fig. 8.07 Factors that modify risk
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BRCA2 syndrome R. Eeles S. Piver S.
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tubal or ovarian carcinomas. Howeve
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in typical nuclear foci that may re
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Breast tumours Frequency Breast can
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Fig. 8.14 Codon distribution of som
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Breast tumours Age distribution and
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Hereditary non-polyposis colon canc
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essary in the evaluation of the pat
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Age distribution and penetrance Mos
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Contributors Dr Vera M. ABELER** De
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Dr Carlo LA VECCHIA Laboratory of E
Page 366 and 367:
Dr Manuel TEIXEIRA Department of Ge
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02.100 Dr. A. Ostor 02.101 Dr. F.A.
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52. Akhtar M, Robinson C, Ashraf Al
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180. Bapat K, Brustein S (1989). Ut
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307. Bolis GB, Maccio T (2000). Cle
Page 376 and 377: 436. Chang J, Sharpe JC, A'Hern RP,
Page 378 and 379: 562. Costa MJ, Ames PF, Walls J, Ro
Page 380 and 381: 689. Di Domenico A, Stangl F, Benni
Page 382 and 383: 820. Falck J, Petrini JH, Williams
Page 384 and 385: 943. Gad A, Azzopardi JG (1975). Lo
Page 386 and 387: 1067. Grimes MM (1992). Cystosarcom
Page 388 and 389: 1197. Herod JJ, Shafi MI, Rollason
Page 390 and 391: 1323. Jacques SM, Qureshi F, Ramire
Page 392 and 393: 1449. Khalifa MA, Mannel RS, Harawa
Page 394 and 395: 1564. Lagios MD (1977). Multicentri
Page 396 and 397: 1687. Loman N, Johannsson O, Kristo
Page 398 and 399: 1807. McCluggage G, McBride H, Maxw
Page 400 and 401: 1937. Mukai M, Torikata C, Iri H (1
Page 402 and 403: 2056. Norris HJ, Taylor HB (1967).
Page 404 and 405: 2180. Park JS, Jones RW, McLean MR,
Page 406 and 407: 2304. Puls LE, Hamous J, Morrow MS,
Page 408 and 409: 2 4 3 4 . Rosen PP, Groshen S, Saig
Page 410 and 411: 2559. Schlesinger C, Silverberg SG
Page 412 and 413: 2686. Silverberg SG (1999). Protoco
Page 414 and 415: 2806. Stutz JA, Evans AJ, Pinder S,
Page 416 and 417: 2942. Tornos C, Silva EG, Ordonez N
Page 418 and 419: 3061. Wargotz ES, Norris HJ (1990).
Page 420 and 421: 3189. Yoshioka T, Tanaka T (2000).
Page 422 and 423: References 425
Page 424 and 425: Biphasic teratomas, 168 BLM, 341, 3
Page 428 and 429: MPNST, see Malignant peripheral ner
Page 430: Small cell / oat cell carcinoma, 32
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