Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities - Agence ...

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7. Access to Housing: The Main End Goal of Urban Development Policies 110 phenomenon. This programme does not only tackle housing, but also speaks of eradicating poverty and proposes grouped solutions for entire settled communities. Indeed, not all the households earning less than 3,500 rand per month and living in informal housing are eligible for the RDP house subsidies. 45 In this way, the programme proposes improvement projects focusing on given geographic zones. It also insists heavily on the need to maintain social ties as much as possible by keeping households in place. Pilot projects have been launched in each region to test these principles for improving informal housing. This subject is highly controversial because of the forced re-housing and displacements, and it is still difficult to determine what impact the programme will have. Although on a different scale, Reunion Island must face the same challenge. To meet the challenge, the municipalities on Reunion Island can launch slum clearance operations (SC operations), implemented in the vast majority of cases by public development companies. These slum clearance operations consists of drawing the borders of an informal settlement and improving housing conditions for all the households living within the borders. The project team is multidisciplinary and includes one or several social affairs agents in charge of meeting with all the inhabitants and identifying financial possibilities and re-housing desires. In so far as possible, the households are re-housed, if they wish, on site in social housing buildings or in progressive social housing (LES). The success of these operations depends on the dialogue with the inhabitants and the possibility for conserving, even increasing, diversity and settlement density with buildings. The financing of such operations, which are by definition not profitable, is covered in part by government subsidies and also by the municipality. 7.6. In Parallel, Private Housing Production The government considerably shapes the urban landscape through its housing policy for struggling populations. Private promoters also heavily influence the urban development of cities and are but little constrained by the municipalities, notably for financial reasons. Indeed, whether for residences for wealthy populations or for premises for economic and commercial activities, large-scale private developments are emerging and benefit only rarely the settlements built by the government for low-income 45. Primarily foreigners and single people. Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities © AFD 2009
7. Access to Housing: The Main End Goal of Urban Development Policies populations. One of the most remarkable phenomena in South Africa is the emergence of a large number of closed urban spaces (still called gated communities). Melrose Arch in Johannesburg is one example. The project began in 2002, already contains 4,000 residents, and ultimately envisages to host 22,000. It is a protected multi-functional space (apartments, offices, shops, restaurants, etc.) with the presentation slogan of: “Melrose Arch mixed-use precinct brings you the ideal urban lifestyle. An environment where all your needs — personal and professional — can be met in a consolidated, harmonious environment.” Generally speaking, expansion constraints and property taxes are only very little dissuasive for private developments (both residential and business/commercial). 111 © AFD 2009 Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities
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Integrating Poor Populations in Sou
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The author Fanny Hervé, an enginee
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Abstract In South Africa, urban dev
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Résumé En Afrique du Sud, les enj
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Contents METHODOLOGY ..............
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Contents CONCLUSION ...............
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Methodology The purpose of this stu
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FOREWORD Public Policies on Housing
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Public Policies on Housing and Urba
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Introduction At the end of aparthei
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PART ONE: An Urban Context Marked b
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An Urban History of South Africa: F
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1. An Urban History of South Africa
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Current Challenges 2 The apartheid
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2. Current Challenges 2.1.2. The Na
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2. Current Challenges However, desp
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2. Current Challenges Progressively
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2. Current Challenges far from the
Page 59 and 60: 2. Current Challenges commutes are
Page 61 and 62: Urban Development Policies in a Uni
Page 63 and 64: 3. Urban Development Policies in a
Page 69 and 70: PART TWO An Uncertain Determination
Page 71 and 72: Planning as Implemented in South Af
Page 73 and 74: 4. Planning as Implemented in South
Page 81 and 82: The Hindrances to the Effectiveness
Page 83 and 84: 5. The Hindrances to the Effectiven
Page 85 and 86: Paths Toward More Profitable Planni
Page 87 and 88: 6. Paths Toward More Profitable Pla
Page 89 and 90: PART THREE Develop Living Spaces fo
Page 91 and 92: Access to Housing: The Main End Goa
Page 93 and 94: 7. Access to Housing: The Main End
Page 109: 7. Access to Housing: The Main End
Page 113 and 114: The Limits of the Government’s Ac
Page 115 and 116: 8. The Limits of the Government’s
Page 127 and 128: Toward Greater Integration of Publi
Page 129 and 130: 9. Toward Greater Integration of Pu
Page 141 and 142: Conclusion Nearly fifteen years ago
Page 143 and 144: Acronyms and Abbreviations ABM AFD
Page 145 and 146: Acronyms and Abbreviations RZ SACN
Page 147 and 148: Appendices Appendix 1: Interviews I
Page 149 and 150: Appendices • Claire Bénit-Gaffou
Page 151 and 152: Appendices Pretoria • Revelation
Page 153 and 154: Appendices Appendix 3: Map of Johan
Page 155 and 156: Appendices Appendix 5: Map of Ethek
Page 157 and 158: Bibliography Books DU TOIT, J., U.
Page 159 and 160: Bibliography Articles BÉNIT, C. (2
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Bibliography REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRI
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Publications Les titres de la colle
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Publications No. 23 : Libéralisati
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What is AFD? www.afd.fr Agence Fran
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