Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities - Agence ...

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Public Policies on Housing and Urban Integration in South Africa DE SOTO, H. (2000), The Mystery of Capital, Basic Books, New York. MORANGE, M. (2004), “Du don du logement au paiement des services urbains dans les villes sudafricaines, 1994-2003” in P. GUILLAUME, N. PÉJOUT, A. WA KABWE-SEGATTI (eds.), L’Afrique du Sud dix ans après. Transition accomplie ?, IFAS-Karthala, Paris, pp. 227-239. PIETERSE, E. (2006), “Blurring Boundaries: Fragments of an Urban Research Agenda”, Urban Forum, 17(4), pp. 398-412. PILLAY, U. (2008), “Urban Policy in Post-Apartheid South Africa: Context, Evolution and Future Directions”, Urban Forum, 19, pp. 109-132. PLANCQ, M. (2006), “Du droit au logement à la précarisation immobilière ? Le cas du Cap en Afrique du Sud”, Autrepart (39), pp. 111-127. ROYSTON, L. (2002), “Security of Urban Tenure in South Africa : Overview of Policy and Practice”, in DURAND-LASSERVCE, A., L. ROYSTON (eds.), Holding Their Ground, Earthscan, London, pp. 165-181. SOUTH AFRICAN CITIES NETWORK (SACN), (2006), State of the Cities Report 2006, Braamfontein. VAN DONK, M., M. SWILLING, E. PIETERSE and S. PARNELL, (eds.), (2008), Consolidating Developmental Local Government. Lessons from the South Africa Experience, Islanda Institute, UCT Press, Cape Town. 28 TERREBLANCHE, S. (2003), A History of Inequality in South Africa, 1652-2002, University of Natal Press/KMM Review. WATSON, V., (1999), “L’accès au logement en Afrique du Sud” in GERVAIS-LAMBONY P., S. JAGLIN and MABIN A., (eds.), La question urbaine en Afrique australe, Karthala, Paris, pp. 225-239. Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities © AFD 2009
Introduction At the end of apartheid, the new government of South Africa wanted to rebuild the country both politically and spatially, and one imperative was to compensate historically disadvantaged populations. In this recently democratized country that had inherited a spatial landscape corresponding to racial segregation, urban issues have all their importance and the urban integration of poor populations is one of the major challenges facing the government authorities in South Africa. The urban landscape has changed since 1994: all of the territory is open to all citizens, the city centres are open to the various populations, mixed residential zones have been built for the middle classes and the elite, and some townships have been “gentrified”. In the large cities, however, the fragmentation between the different population classes is still considerable, and integration and access to essential urban functions are clearly not the same depending on the populations’ incomes. Fourteen years after the end of apartheid, South African cities have not evolved toward balanced urban landscapes, the amount of informal housing has increased, and fragmentation persists or is even increasing. To attempt to restructure cities and guide their urban development, a strong political will is indispensable. South Africa oscillates between a catch-up policy for disadvantaged populations and a neo-liberal position born of the compromises made with white economic power at the end of apartheid. 29 This study aims first to present the context in which current urban policies exist today and primarily to give an overview of the history of South African cities before apartheid and since 1994 so as to provide an understanding of the challenges that the government is attempting to overcome. It then presents the government’s current policies to shape the urban landscape and meet the needs of poor populations. In order to provide vulnerable populations with adequate places to live, the government has two primary levers for action. It can plan city development, that is to say envisage and plan it but © AFD 2009 Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities
Page 1 and 2: Integrating Poor Populations in Sou
Page 3 and 4: The author Fanny Hervé, an enginee
Page 5 and 6: Abstract In South Africa, urban dev
Page 7 and 8: Résumé En Afrique du Sud, les enj
Page 9 and 10: Contents METHODOLOGY ..............
Page 11 and 12: Contents CONCLUSION ...............
Page 13 and 14: Methodology The purpose of this stu
Page 15 and 16: FOREWORD Public Policies on Housing
Page 17 and 18: Public Policies on Housing and Urba
Page 27: Public Policies on Housing and Urba
Page 31 and 32: PART ONE: An Urban Context Marked b
Page 33 and 34: An Urban History of South Africa: F
Page 35 and 36: 1. An Urban History of South Africa
Page 49 and 50: Current Challenges 2 The apartheid
Page 51 and 52: 2. Current Challenges 2.1.2. The Na
Page 53 and 54: 2. Current Challenges However, desp
Page 55 and 56: 2. Current Challenges Progressively
Page 57 and 58: 2. Current Challenges far from the
Page 59 and 60: 2. Current Challenges commutes are
Page 61 and 62: Urban Development Policies in a Uni
Page 63 and 64: 3. Urban Development Policies in a
Page 69 and 70: PART TWO An Uncertain Determination
Page 71 and 72: Planning as Implemented in South Af
Page 73 and 74: 4. Planning as Implemented in South
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4. Planning as Implemented in South
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The Hindrances to the Effectiveness
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5. The Hindrances to the Effectiven
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Paths Toward More Profitable Planni
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6. Paths Toward More Profitable Pla
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PART THREE Develop Living Spaces fo
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Access to Housing: The Main End Goa
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7. Access to Housing: The Main End
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The Limits of the Government’s Ac
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8. The Limits of the Government’s
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Toward Greater Integration of Publi
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9. Toward Greater Integration of Pu
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Conclusion Nearly fifteen years ago
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Acronyms and Abbreviations ABM AFD
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Acronyms and Abbreviations RZ SACN
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Appendices Appendix 1: Interviews I
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Appendices • Claire Bénit-Gaffou
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Appendices Pretoria • Revelation
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Appendices Appendix 3: Map of Johan
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Appendices Appendix 5: Map of Ethek
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Bibliography Books DU TOIT, J., U.
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Bibliography Articles BÉNIT, C. (2
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Bibliography REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRI
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Publications Les titres de la colle
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Publications No. 23 : Libéralisati
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What is AFD? www.afd.fr Agence Fran
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