Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities - Agence ...

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3. Urban Development Policies in a Unique Political and Institutional Context and can draft policy programmes that are then imposed upon all government departments so as to ensure overall and multi-sectoral implementation. The National Treasury is a division of the Ministry of Finance and manages national government finances. It must ensure the budget is viable and to do so determines spending and the various subsidies granted, notably in regard to housing. Three Departments with Key Responsibilities for City Planning These are the Department of Housing, the Department of Provincial and Local Government, and the Department of Land Affairs. Other Departments have less central, collaborative roles: the Department of Transport, the Department of Public Service and Administration, and the Department of Social Development. The Department of Housing 64 Given the proactive policy since 1994 favouring the construction of housing for low-income populations, the Department of Housing (DoH) is clearly behind most public spatial development actions in favour of the poorest. In other words, the Department of Housing’s programme makes up the lion’s share of public contracting authority in the field of urban development. This is why the Department of Housing felt that it was its duty to expand its reflection to include the production of integrated urban spaces, and not merely focus on the provision of rudimentary housing. In 2004, this led to the drafting of the new national plan, the Comprehensive Housing Plan for the Development of Integrated Sustainable Human Settlement, also called Breaking New Ground. The Department of Provincial and Local Government The second department with crucial responsibilities in the government’s influence on the shape of cities and the creation of integrated living spaces is the Department of Provincial and Local Government (DPLG). Its role is to create and apply all regulations that define the provincial and local governments’ intervention modalities. It assists these governments and facilitates coordination between the three spheres of government. In terms of urban development, two of its programmes are of capital importance. The first is the integrated strategic planning programme for local Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities © AFD 2009
3. Urban Development Policies in a Unique Political and Institutional Context governments: the communes must produce Integrated Development Plans (IDPs), which are strategic and budgetary documents that allow municipalities to plan and implement their development programmes. The second is the Urban Renewal Programme (URP) launched in 2001 that concerns eight townships throughout South Africa and aims to reintegrate these “under-developed” zones. The Department of Land Affairs The Department of Land Affairs (DLA) is primarily responsible for the land reform that is supposed to re-balance the national territory and return (mainly rural) land to historically disadvantaged populations. The DLA is also in charge of the land regulation system. What is more, a new law is currently being drafted to clearly identify the appropriate authorities and zoning mechanisms. 3.2.2. The Provincial Sphere South Africa is made up of nine provinces: Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, Kwazulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Northern Cape, North West Province, and Western Cape (Map 3). Each provincial government has both legislative and executive powers, and is made up of several departments that generally follow the same organization as the national departments. The local governments are organized in the same way. There is often a department of housing and a department of planning. The provinces are in charge of planning strategic development within their borders and helping the municipalities elaborate their own strategies. The provinces also have jurisdiction over housing: they authorize the use of certain plots of land to establish public housing, and are in charge of subsidy distribution. 65 3.2.3. The Local Governments Three Levels There are 284 municipalities in South Africa, and three types of municipalities: Metropolitan Municipalities [Category A, of which there are six: Johannesburg (pop. © AFD 2009 Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities
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Integrating Poor Populations in Sou
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The author Fanny Hervé, an enginee
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Abstract In South Africa, urban dev
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Résumé En Afrique du Sud, les enj
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Contents METHODOLOGY ..............
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Contents CONCLUSION ...............
Page 13 and 14: Methodology The purpose of this stu
Page 15 and 16: FOREWORD Public Policies on Housing
Page 17 and 18: Public Policies on Housing and Urba
Page 29 and 30: Introduction At the end of aparthei
Page 31 and 32: PART ONE: An Urban Context Marked b
Page 33 and 34: An Urban History of South Africa: F
Page 35 and 36: 1. An Urban History of South Africa
Page 49 and 50: Current Challenges 2 The apartheid
Page 51 and 52: 2. Current Challenges 2.1.2. The Na
Page 53 and 54: 2. Current Challenges However, desp
Page 55 and 56: 2. Current Challenges Progressively
Page 57 and 58: 2. Current Challenges far from the
Page 59 and 60: 2. Current Challenges commutes are
Page 61 and 62: Urban Development Policies in a Uni
Page 63: 3. Urban Development Policies in a
Page 67 and 68: 3. Urban Development Policies in a
Page 69 and 70: PART TWO An Uncertain Determination
Page 71 and 72: Planning as Implemented in South Af
Page 73 and 74: 4. Planning as Implemented in South
Page 81 and 82: The Hindrances to the Effectiveness
Page 83 and 84: 5. The Hindrances to the Effectiven
Page 85 and 86: Paths Toward More Profitable Planni
Page 87 and 88: 6. Paths Toward More Profitable Pla
Page 89 and 90: PART THREE Develop Living Spaces fo
Page 91 and 92: Access to Housing: The Main End Goa
Page 93 and 94: 7. Access to Housing: The Main End
Page 113 and 114: The Limits of the Government’s Ac
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8. The Limits of the Government’s
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Toward Greater Integration of Publi
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9. Toward Greater Integration of Pu
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Conclusion Nearly fifteen years ago
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Acronyms and Abbreviations ABM AFD
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Acronyms and Abbreviations RZ SACN
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Appendices Appendix 1: Interviews I
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Appendices • Claire Bénit-Gaffou
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Appendices Pretoria • Revelation
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Appendices Appendix 3: Map of Johan
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Appendices Appendix 5: Map of Ethek
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Bibliography Books DU TOIT, J., U.
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Bibliography Articles BÉNIT, C. (2
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Bibliography REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRI
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Publications Les titres de la colle
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Publications No. 23 : Libéralisati
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What is AFD? www.afd.fr Agence Fran
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