Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities - Agence ...

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2. Current Challenges Photos 3 and 4. Hilbrow, Johannesburg Photo credit: Fanny Hervé. The large cities have elaborated strategies to prevent the dilapidation of their city centres, notably after the merger of various municipal councils. This worked particularly well in Cape Town. In Johannesburg, several public and semi-public bodies have succeeded one another since 1991, carrying a determination to rehabilitate the city centre. However, because of the size of the CBD and the magnitude of the phenomenon, and even though they are being reconverted, the various districts in the city centre are still seen as dangerous and many buildings still contain squatters. 56 2.2.2. Accentuated Fragmentation: A Perpetuation of Apartheid? One of the government’s objectives starting in 1994 was to re-build post-apartheid cities to destroy the territorial traces of apartheid. However, as Fabrice Folio shows in his article “Villes post-apartheid au Kwazulu-Natal : une déclinaison du modèle de Davies” (post-apartheid cities in Kwazulu-Natal: a version of the Davies model), the general shape of cities and the distribution of populations have not evolved as desired (Graph 7). According to many authors, the house grant policy has even reproduced urban landscapes similar to those under apartheid (Harrison et al., 2003). Indeed, the municipalities chose to build RDP houses on land that was inexpensive and therefore Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities © AFD 2009
2. Current Challenges far from the city center. The percentage of the subsidy allocated to the cost of land was small, but it was also and above all a financial strategy by municipalities that sometimes preferred to keep better situated land in order to turn a larger profit. In addition, promoters’ need to turn a profit required large tracts of land to allow for economies of scale and the installation of services in industrial quantities. Thus, most RDP houses were built on large, distant and available tracts of land, that is to say near the apartheid townships or in equally inaccessible areas. By seeking to provide housing rapidly to a large number of families, the government placed poor populations (and therefore a large segment of the black population) in solely residential zones that were Graph 7. What Changes Compared to the Apartheid City? 57 Source: Fabrice Folio’s article “Villes post-apartheid au Kwazulu-Natal : une déclinaison du modèle de Davies”, L’information géographique, No. 4, 2004. © AFD 2009 Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities
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Integrating Poor Populations in Sou
Page 3 and 4:
The author Fanny Hervé, an enginee
Page 5 and 6: Abstract In South Africa, urban dev
Page 7 and 8: Résumé En Afrique du Sud, les enj
Page 9 and 10: Contents METHODOLOGY ..............
Page 11 and 12: Contents CONCLUSION ...............
Page 13 and 14: Methodology The purpose of this stu
Page 15 and 16: FOREWORD Public Policies on Housing
Page 17 and 18: Public Policies on Housing and Urba
Page 29 and 30: Introduction At the end of aparthei
Page 31 and 32: PART ONE: An Urban Context Marked b
Page 33 and 34: An Urban History of South Africa: F
Page 35 and 36: 1. An Urban History of South Africa
Page 49 and 50: Current Challenges 2 The apartheid
Page 51 and 52: 2. Current Challenges 2.1.2. The Na
Page 53 and 54: 2. Current Challenges However, desp
Page 55: 2. Current Challenges Progressively
Page 59 and 60: 2. Current Challenges commutes are
Page 61 and 62: Urban Development Policies in a Uni
Page 63 and 64: 3. Urban Development Policies in a
Page 69 and 70: PART TWO An Uncertain Determination
Page 71 and 72: Planning as Implemented in South Af
Page 73 and 74: 4. Planning as Implemented in South
Page 81 and 82: The Hindrances to the Effectiveness
Page 83 and 84: 5. The Hindrances to the Effectiven
Page 85 and 86: Paths Toward More Profitable Planni
Page 87 and 88: 6. Paths Toward More Profitable Pla
Page 89 and 90: PART THREE Develop Living Spaces fo
Page 91 and 92: Access to Housing: The Main End Goa
Page 93 and 94: 7. Access to Housing: The Main End
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7. Access to Housing: The Main End
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The Limits of the Government’s Ac
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8. The Limits of the Government’s
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Toward Greater Integration of Publi
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9. Toward Greater Integration of Pu
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Conclusion Nearly fifteen years ago
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Acronyms and Abbreviations ABM AFD
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Acronyms and Abbreviations RZ SACN
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Appendices Appendix 1: Interviews I
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Appendices • Claire Bénit-Gaffou
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Appendices Pretoria • Revelation
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Appendices Appendix 3: Map of Johan
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Appendices Appendix 5: Map of Ethek
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Bibliography Books DU TOIT, J., U.
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Bibliography Articles BÉNIT, C. (2
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Bibliography REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRI
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Publications Les titres de la colle
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Publications No. 23 : Libéralisati
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What is AFD? www.afd.fr Agence Fran
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