Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities - Agence ...

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1. An Urban History of South Africa: From 1652 to the Present housing policies in response to the need to find rapid, quantitative solutions to a housing crisis. They had unfortunate consequences for urban development and are now the object of “repair” policies that aim to integrate these isolated and disinherited residential settlements. In addition, the French government needed to intervene around 1965 to ensure a coherent development policy, notably by fostering planning. Since the start of the 2000s, the same urgency can be felt in South Africa. What is more, France evolved toward decentralization, and South Africa is also moving toward transferring urban development to the municipalities. Finally, in the same way that the SRU law in France imposed social diversity and lauded sustainable development, South Africa’s recent housing policy, Breaking New Ground, insists on the sustainable development of South African land. 48 Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities © AFD 2009
Current Challenges 2 The apartheid policy has completely conditioned the form of cities and generated considerable social disparities. In order to successfully overcome this inegalitarian past and found a new South Africa, the post-apartheid government of South Africa has established a strategy, corpus of laws, and institutions. A dynamic has been initiated and changes are underway, but the stakes are considerable. The challenges that South Africa must overcome, nearly fifteen years after the end of apartheid, are macroeconomic in nature, and urban landscapes show growing inequalities. 2.1. A Two-Speed Macroeconomic Situation Certain macroeconomic indexes provide a portrait of the current situation in South Africa. Here is a look at those that are necessary to understand urban development stakes. 49 2.1.1. Demographics The latest official census in South Africa dates from 2001 and the population was 44 million people at that time. The population is now estimated to be nearly 48 million. Of these 48 million South Africans, approximately 80% are black, 10% are white, and 10% coloured, Indian or Asian. 24 The South African population is growing, especially in the cities. 24. According to the 1996 and 2001 censuses: Black African Coloured Indian or Asian White 1996 76.7% 8.9% 2.6% 10.9% 2001 79.0% 8.9% 2.5% 9.6% © AFD 2009 Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities
Page 1 and 2: Integrating Poor Populations in Sou
Page 3 and 4: The author Fanny Hervé, an enginee
Page 5 and 6: Abstract In South Africa, urban dev
Page 7 and 8: Résumé En Afrique du Sud, les enj
Page 9 and 10: Contents METHODOLOGY ..............
Page 11 and 12: Contents CONCLUSION ...............
Page 13 and 14: Methodology The purpose of this stu
Page 15 and 16: FOREWORD Public Policies on Housing
Page 17 and 18: Public Policies on Housing and Urba
Page 29 and 30: Introduction At the end of aparthei
Page 31 and 32: PART ONE: An Urban Context Marked b
Page 33 and 34: An Urban History of South Africa: F
Page 35 and 36: 1. An Urban History of South Africa
Page 47: 1. An Urban History of South Africa
Page 51 and 52: 2. Current Challenges 2.1.2. The Na
Page 53 and 54: 2. Current Challenges However, desp
Page 55 and 56: 2. Current Challenges Progressively
Page 57 and 58: 2. Current Challenges far from the
Page 59 and 60: 2. Current Challenges commutes are
Page 61 and 62: Urban Development Policies in a Uni
Page 63 and 64: 3. Urban Development Policies in a
Page 69 and 70: PART TWO An Uncertain Determination
Page 71 and 72: Planning as Implemented in South Af
Page 73 and 74: 4. Planning as Implemented in South
Page 81 and 82: The Hindrances to the Effectiveness
Page 83 and 84: 5. The Hindrances to the Effectiven
Page 85 and 86: Paths Toward More Profitable Planni
Page 87 and 88: 6. Paths Toward More Profitable Pla
Page 89 and 90: PART THREE Develop Living Spaces fo
Page 91 and 92: Access to Housing: The Main End Goa
Page 93 and 94: 7. Access to Housing: The Main End
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7. Access to Housing: The Main End
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The Limits of the Government’s Ac
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8. The Limits of the Government’s
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Toward Greater Integration of Publi
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9. Toward Greater Integration of Pu
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Conclusion Nearly fifteen years ago
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Acronyms and Abbreviations ABM AFD
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Acronyms and Abbreviations RZ SACN
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Appendices Appendix 1: Interviews I
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Appendices • Claire Bénit-Gaffou
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Appendices Pretoria • Revelation
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Appendices Appendix 3: Map of Johan
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Appendices Appendix 5: Map of Ethek
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Bibliography Books DU TOIT, J., U.
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Bibliography Articles BÉNIT, C. (2
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Bibliography REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRI
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Publications Les titres de la colle
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Publications No. 23 : Libéralisati
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What is AFD? www.afd.fr Agence Fran
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