Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities - Agence ...

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9. Toward Greater Integration of Public Policy diverse and original: rental housing ensembles (individual rooms with shared bathrooms), two-story RDP houses to increase density, and even groups of RDP houses with additional rooms to rent out. Follow-Up and Generalization 132 The first aim of the Urban Renewal Programme is to improve the urban environment and have an impact on people. This is, to a certain degree and depending on the location, in the process of being accomplished. The funds specially available for this programme are considerable and allow numerous investments in urban facilities. The second objective of the programme is to propose and test new forms of governance that integrate all sectors to avoid the silo mentality and adopt a geographic approach. This second objective seems to have functioned more or less well depending on the location. The ARP is very encouraging, in part thanks to the project team, but the echoes from the Khayelitsha project are more measured: a lot of financing and facilities built but little coordination and urban connection to existing settlements. This is probably due in part to the political disagreement between Western Cape Province, in charge of distributing the funds in various sectors, and the city of Cape Town, supposed to more territorially implement the project. In addition, the financial mobilization around these projects is strong and difficult to make widespread. That fact that these zones continue to be favoured in this way also generates much debate. Because of this, it is currently difficult to say whether these projects can serve as models and be replicated on a larger scale. 9.2.2. An Ambitious and Controversial Residential Project: The N2 Gateway in Cape Town Objectives of the Pilot Project Pilot projects were launched to implement Breaking New Ground and more specifically the Informal Settlement Upgrading Programme sub-section. The N2 Gateway site was chosen because it contained a large stretch of shacks located along the N2 highway from the airport to the Cape Town city centre. The aim with this project was also to test informal housing improvement mechanisms by adopting a geographic approach. The project began in January 2005. Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities © AFD 2009
9. Toward Greater Integration of Public Policy Implementation The N2 Gateway was supposed to be the occasion to implement operational cooperation between the three spheres of government. The Department of Housing was supposed to provide support and general guidelines, Western Cape Province was supposed to provide financing and take charge of construction, and finally the city of Cape Town was supposed to be the project’s contracting authority. However, for legal reasons, the municipality was not able to manage the entire project, notably when it came to the balance sheet and financial flows. Since it was a national project that was supposed to serve as an example and be executed as rapidly as possible, the municipality was pushed aside and the project was entrusted to Thubelisha Homes, a national body in charge of developing RDP and then BNG houses for the Department of Housing. At this time, the project is still underway: for now, the first housing segments, notably social housing, have been built (photos 16, 17, 18 and 19). Difficulties Encountered and Debates Raised The initial idea was to re-house some of the inhabitants on site by offering dense housing solutions and displacing some inhabitants to a zone called Delft located a little way away. The objective was to develop Delft as written in the city’s Spatial Development Framework to strengthen a second city centre in Cape Town and thus create a multihub city. However, with the change of the municipal team, the city’s development strategy evolved and Delft was no longer seen as a development potential but rather as a zone even further from the city centre. Generally speaking, the fact that the municipality was not involved as had initially been planned worked against the project. It found itself torn between scheduling imperatives, Thubelisha Homes’ search for financial balance, and a lack of local relays to ensure proper implementation of the programme. 133 This highly publicized project is presented as an example of an integrated development operation, but also generates a great deal of discontent. There have been numerous protests by the inhabitants from the informal housing zone targeted by the project: some refused to be moved far from their jobs and others already installed in social housing boycotted their rents. The project was launched rapidly and probably lacked a long people’s consultation phase and a search for suitable solutions. © AFD 2009 Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities
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Integrating Poor Populations in Sou
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The author Fanny Hervé, an enginee
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Abstract In South Africa, urban dev
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Résumé En Afrique du Sud, les enj
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Contents METHODOLOGY ..............
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Contents CONCLUSION ...............
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Methodology The purpose of this stu
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FOREWORD Public Policies on Housing
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Public Policies on Housing and Urba
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Introduction At the end of aparthei
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PART ONE: An Urban Context Marked b
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An Urban History of South Africa: F
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1. An Urban History of South Africa
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Current Challenges 2 The apartheid
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2. Current Challenges 2.1.2. The Na
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2. Current Challenges However, desp
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2. Current Challenges Progressively
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2. Current Challenges far from the
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2. Current Challenges commutes are
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Urban Development Policies in a Uni
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3. Urban Development Policies in a
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PART TWO An Uncertain Determination
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Planning as Implemented in South Af
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4. Planning as Implemented in South
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Page 81 and 82: The Hindrances to the Effectiveness
Page 83 and 84: 5. The Hindrances to the Effectiven
Page 85 and 86: Paths Toward More Profitable Planni
Page 87 and 88: 6. Paths Toward More Profitable Pla
Page 89 and 90: PART THREE Develop Living Spaces fo
Page 91 and 92: Access to Housing: The Main End Goa
Page 93 and 94: 7. Access to Housing: The Main End
Page 113 and 114: The Limits of the Government’s Ac
Page 115 and 116: 8. The Limits of the Government’s
Page 127 and 128: Toward Greater Integration of Publi
Page 129 and 130: 9. Toward Greater Integration of Pu
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Page 141 and 142: Conclusion Nearly fifteen years ago
Page 143 and 144: Acronyms and Abbreviations ABM AFD
Page 145 and 146: Acronyms and Abbreviations RZ SACN
Page 147 and 148: Appendices Appendix 1: Interviews I
Page 149 and 150: Appendices • Claire Bénit-Gaffou
Page 151 and 152: Appendices Pretoria • Revelation
Page 153 and 154: Appendices Appendix 3: Map of Johan
Page 155 and 156: Appendices Appendix 5: Map of Ethek
Page 157 and 158: Bibliography Books DU TOIT, J., U.
Page 159 and 160: Bibliography Articles BÉNIT, C. (2
Page 161 and 162: Bibliography REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRI
Page 163 and 164: Publications Les titres de la colle
Page 165 and 166: Publications No. 23 : Libéralisati
Page 167 and 168: What is AFD? www.afd.fr Agence Fran
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