Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities - Agence ...

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4. Planning as Implemented in South Africa Today 4.3.2. Municipal Zoning Despite these overriding powers granted to the provinces, the municipalities are responsible for general land regulation and zoning, discussed in a document titled the Town Planning Scheme or Zoning Scheme. However, these documents were not restructured or modified when apartheid ended. In most municipalities, the old plans are still in use and for this reason it is primarily the provinces that have decision-making power. However, the metros, that is to say the six largest cities in South Africa, must rely on several old town planning schemes that date from the apartheid years; these schemes correspond to the former municipal borders and are not consistent with each other. The city of Johannesburg is currently working to grant building permits with seven zoning plans that date from before apartheid ended and therefore do not at all fit the city’s current development strategy. Thus, the city of Johannesburg has undertaken the long process of updating and integrating these thirteen former documents into one document. This new town planning scheme is not yet in force. Similarly, the city of Cape Town currently utilizes twenty-seven zoning schemes and is in the process of elaborating a single, coherent document covering the entire municipality: the Cape Town Zoning Scheme, which should come into force at the end of 2009. Two other metros — Ekhuruleni and Ethekwini (formerly Durban) — have undertaken the same revision process. 78 4.3.3. A Complex Building Permit Application Processes The mechanisms by which to grant building permits for land are multiple and relatively complex. Several forms must be filled out and sent to the province, one of which is relatively complicated and covers environmental aspects. In addition, ownership conditions for each plot are grouped together in the Title Deed 35 system, which is old but relatively complete and organized. All of this, added to the weakness of municipal staff in charge of land management, generates long response times and long appeals 35. Title deeds are property deeds that specify the owner and a certain number of conditions that need to be met depending on the land in question. Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities © AFD 2009
4. Planning as Implemented in South Africa Today procedures. What is more, private parties who wish to develop a plot of land almost systematically call on planners’ offices to conduct all of these steps. The land use regulation system was not, strictly speaking, reformed when apartheid ended; overriding powers were simply granted to the provinces. Today, there are two parallel allocation systems, which creates confusion: applications can be addressed to either the municipality or the province — two government spheres whose interests can diverge and who will not necessarily authorize the same type of development. The city of Johannesburg is currently party to a legal battle with Gauteng Province because it accuses the latter of granting permits that go against the municipality’s spatial strategy. In France, building permit requests are addressed to the municipality that, according to its PLU, grants the permits or denies the application. If the commune does not have the means to process this type of application, it can call on the government’s deconcentrated offices (the Direction Départemental de l’Equipement) whose duty it is to assist and advise small communes. 79 © AFD 2009 Integrating Poor Populations in South African Cities
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Integrating Poor Populations in Sou
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The author Fanny Hervé, an enginee
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Abstract In South Africa, urban dev
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Résumé En Afrique du Sud, les enj
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Contents METHODOLOGY ..............
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Contents CONCLUSION ...............
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Methodology The purpose of this stu
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FOREWORD Public Policies on Housing
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Public Policies on Housing and Urba
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Page 27 and 28: Public Policies on Housing and Urba
Page 29 and 30: Introduction At the end of aparthei
Page 31 and 32: PART ONE: An Urban Context Marked b
Page 33 and 34: An Urban History of South Africa: F
Page 35 and 36: 1. An Urban History of South Africa
Page 49 and 50: Current Challenges 2 The apartheid
Page 51 and 52: 2. Current Challenges 2.1.2. The Na
Page 53 and 54: 2. Current Challenges However, desp
Page 55 and 56: 2. Current Challenges Progressively
Page 57 and 58: 2. Current Challenges far from the
Page 59 and 60: 2. Current Challenges commutes are
Page 61 and 62: Urban Development Policies in a Uni
Page 63 and 64: 3. Urban Development Policies in a
Page 69 and 70: PART TWO An Uncertain Determination
Page 71 and 72: Planning as Implemented in South Af
Page 73 and 74: 4. Planning as Implemented in South
Page 75 and 76: 4. Planning as Implemented in South
Page 77: 4. Planning as Implemented in South
Page 81 and 82: The Hindrances to the Effectiveness
Page 83 and 84: 5. The Hindrances to the Effectiven
Page 85 and 86: Paths Toward More Profitable Planni
Page 87 and 88: 6. Paths Toward More Profitable Pla
Page 89 and 90: PART THREE Develop Living Spaces fo
Page 91 and 92: Access to Housing: The Main End Goa
Page 93 and 94: 7. Access to Housing: The Main End
Page 113 and 114: The Limits of the Government’s Ac
Page 115 and 116: 8. The Limits of the Government’s
Page 127 and 128: Toward Greater Integration of Publi
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9. Toward Greater Integration of Pu
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Conclusion Nearly fifteen years ago
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Acronyms and Abbreviations ABM AFD
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Acronyms and Abbreviations RZ SACN
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Appendices Appendix 1: Interviews I
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Appendices • Claire Bénit-Gaffou
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Appendices Pretoria • Revelation
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Appendices Appendix 3: Map of Johan
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Appendices Appendix 5: Map of Ethek
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Bibliography Books DU TOIT, J., U.
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Bibliography Articles BÉNIT, C. (2
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Bibliography REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRI
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Publications Les titres de la colle
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Publications No. 23 : Libéralisati
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What is AFD? www.afd.fr Agence Fran
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