Understanding and Challenging Stigma toward ... - Pact Cambodia

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B4 Act Like a Real Man Facilitator’s Note: This exercise looks at the pressures on men who have sex with men (MSM) to “act like a real man.” It uses a method called “gender boxes” which looks at the ways that society or culture tries to put men (including MSM) and women in separate boxes. “Gender boxes” tell men to “act like a real man” and women to “act like a real woman” and tell men and women that they should be different in the ways they think, feel and behave. This same tool is used to force MSM to conform to the gender roles and stereotypes of being a “real man.” Objectives: By the end of the exercise participants will be able to identify the pressures on MSM to stay in their gender boxes as a real man, and the advantages and disadvantages of doing so Target Group: Health care providers, the police, NGO and CBO staff, and the community Time: 1 hour 136
Understanding MSM Steps: 1. What is a “real man”? (Cardstorm): Divide into pairs and hand out cards and markers. The task is to brainstorm what are the qualities, roles or behaviors that society expects of a “real man.” Ask pairs to write points on cards with one point per card. Tape the cards on the wall. Then eliminate repetition and cluster common points. Example of response The examples below are not the required answers, and you are not expected to read them out loud. They are included to illustrate the type of responses expected and can help you identify issues you may want to raise, if they are not raised by participants. However, you should let each group come up with their own ideas. Remember: there are no right and wrong answers. What makes a real man? Strong. Virile. Aggressive. Does not cry or show emotion. Macho body language. Deep voice. Dressed in socially acceptable male clothing. Does male household tasks. Gets married to a woman. Has sex with wife and other women. Vaginal sex/no anal sex. Produces and raises two or more children. Looks after his parents. Head of household. Main decision-maker in family. Primary breadwinner. Has many girlfriends and lots of sex. Decides when and where to have sex with wife and girlfriends. 137
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Understanding and Challenging Stigm
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Acknowledgments The toolkit was dev
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Table of Contents Acronyms ........
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Contents D2. HIV Transmission and M
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Why a Toolkit on Stigma toward Men
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What is the Toolkit? What is the To
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How to Use the Toolkit The toolkit
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Sample Programs for Different Types
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The Exercises or Session Plans Each
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Tips for Facilitating Participatory
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Chapter A: Naming Stigma and Discri
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A1 Naming Stigma and Discrimination
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A2 What the Community Says, Fears,
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A5 Finding Solutions to Challenge S
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A7 Personal Experience of Being Sti
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A8 What Is the Meaning of Stigma? F
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A8 What Is the Meaning of Stigma? S
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A9 The Blame Game Facilitator’s N
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A9 The Blame Game 2. Things the com
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A9 The Blame Game 3. Report back: B
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Page 150 and 151: B5 Sex, Gender Identity, Gender Exp
Page 162 and 163: B6 Misconceptions about Men who Hav
Page 168 and 169: B7 Value Clarification Facilitator
Page 170 and 171: B7 Value Clarification Step: 1. Rap
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Page 174 and 175: Annex for Chapter B: What Do You Kn
Page 182 and 183: Chapter C: Coping with Stigma and D
Page 184 and 185: C1 Personal Experiences of Stigma F
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Page 188 and 189: C1 Personal Experiences of Stigma E
Page 190 and 191: C2 Strategies for Coping with Stigm
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C3 How to Challenge Stigma in an As
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C4 Disclosure: How to Disclose to t
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C5 Coping with Stress Facilitator
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C5 Coping with Stress 2. Discussion
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C6 Relations between Men who Have S
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C6 Relations between Men who Have S
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Chapter D: Men who Have Sex with Me
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D1 Assessing Knowledge about HIV an
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D1 Assessing Knowledge about HIV an
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D2 HIV Transmission and Men who Hav
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D3 HIV Risk Factors in Same Sex Rel
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D3 HIV Risk Factors in Same Sex Rel
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Chapter E: Moving to Action Introdu
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Chapter E: Moving to Action Key Mes
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Chapter E: Moving to Action Things
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E1 Start with a Vision - A World wi
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E2 Men who Have Sex with Men and Hu
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E3 Challenge What People Say about
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E4 Action - Writing a Code of Condu
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Annex A: Information Sheets 1. Glos
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Annex A:1 Glossary of Terms Bisexua
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Annex A:1 Glossary of Terms LGBTI i
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Annex A:2 Men who Have Sex with Men
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Annex A:3 Becoming Open: Stages in
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Annex A:4 What Do I Do If Someone W
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Annex A:5 Stigma and Discrimination
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Annex A:5 Stigma and Discrimination
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Annex A:6 Human Rights What are hum
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Annex A:6 Human Rights Right to be
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Annex A:7 Hate Violence There have
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Annex A:8 Sexually Transmitted Infe
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Annex A:8 Sexually Transmitted Infe
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Annex A:9 HIV Transmission The HIV
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Annex A:9 HIV Transmission During a
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Annex A:10 HIV and AIDS: Frequently
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Annex A:11 Code of Conduct for Heal
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Annex A:12 Code of Conduct for the
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Annex B: Stigma Pictures M1 Father
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M.1 Annex B
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M.3 Annex B
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M.5 Annex B
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M.7 Annex B
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M.9 Annex B
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M.11 Annex B
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M.13 Annex B
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M.15 Annex B
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M.17 Annex B
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