The Scope and Implications of a Tracing Mechanism for Small Arms ...

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NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. * * * The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Secretariat. UNIDIR/2002/20 Copyright © United Nations, 2003 All rights reserved UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. GV.E.03.0.7 ISBN 92-9045-147-5
CONTENTS Page Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii xi Chapter 1 Overview Paper Owen Greene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Framing the Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.4 Record-Keeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1.5 Systems for SALW Tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 1.6 Issues for the Scope and Implications of an International Tracing Mechanism for SALW . . . . . . . . . . 30 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Chapter 2 What to Mark and What to Trace? The Implications of Selecting Categories and Types of SALWs for Inclusion in a Tracing Mechanism Frédéric Schütz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 2.1 What Are the Various Categories of SALW? . . . . . . . . . . 47 2.2 What Are the Controversial Aspects of the Categorization of SALW? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 2.3 What Features of the Various Categories and Types Are Significant for a Tracing Mechanism? . . . . . . . 54 iii
Page 1: UNIDIR/2002/20 The Scope and Implic
Page 5: v Chapter 4 Structures and Institut
Page 8 and 9: viii point of diversion, thus inhib
Page 11 and 12: ACRONYMS ATFUS BATF BPA CFR CFR CIC
Page 13 and 14: xiii VIN WFSA WIES WR Vehicle Ident
Page 15 and 16: 2 and lines of supply of illicit SA
Page 17 and 18: 4 First, if a weapon has been invol
Page 19 and 20: 6 The UN Programme of Action includ
Page 21 and 22: 8 1.3 MARKING 1.3.1 Introduction A
Page 23 and 24: 10 uniquely identify each productio
Page 25 and 26: 12 • Ensure, at the time of trans
Page 27 and 28: 14 • increasing the resistance of
Page 29 and 30: 16 The UN Firearms Protocol, in its
Page 31 and 32: 18 component of this project is to
Page 33 and 34: 20 They clarify whether a weapon is
Page 35 and 36: 22 Though such systems have great p
Page 37 and 38: 24 have a more prominent role to pl
Page 39 and 40: 26 That said, national intelligence
Page 41 and 42: 28 training and technical assistanc
Page 43 and 44: 30 This highlights one of the most
Page 45 and 46: 32 An international tracing mechani
Page 47 and 48: 34 Some of the necessary elements a
Page 49 and 50: 36 on sources and lines of supply o
Page 51 and 52: 38 In promoting international assis
Page 53 and 54:
40 3 Programme of Action to Prevent
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42 25 This section draws on discuss
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45 BIBLIOGRAPHY Berkol, Ilhan, Mark
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CHAPTER 2 WHAT TO MARK AND WHAT TO
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49 tracing method for all SALW (con
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51 Figure 2: : The different sub-ca
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53 In order to better grasp the pro
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55 SALW include weapons of war, def
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57 The following questions should t
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59 All of this data, while useful f
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61 2.5 WHAT ARE THE CRITERIA FOR IN
Page 76 and 77:
63 traced, but which ones? Precisel
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65 Table 1: Firearms recovered in c
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67 explosives belts and dozens of t
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69 This data provides an interestin
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71 weapons belonging to illicit cir
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73 imagine being able to effectivel
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75 case of Switzerland, it would be
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77 electronics in animal identifica
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79 based our reflection on goals fo
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81 10 Small Arms Survey, Annuaire s
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APPENDIX 1 83
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APPENDIX 3 85
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87 the army weapon is capable of au
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90 significance, hence in general t
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92 3.1.2 Sanitization Removal or ob
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94 Chinese Type 56-1 Unique Identif
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96 verify that the imported weapons
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98 weapons. There are risks involve
Page 113 and 114:
100 China Type 56 Russia AK47 Russi
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102 channels, with the protection o
Page 117 and 118:
104 3.1.9 Comments Countries seekin
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106 as a result, potentially tip-of
Page 121 and 122:
108 2. All markings must be made pe
Page 123 and 124:
110 shared encryption standard. The
Page 125 and 126:
112 Domestic record-keeping varies
Page 127 and 128:
114 Nevertheless, whilst the Wassen
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116 individual weapon, should as a
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118 • “Consolidation”—4 x 2
Page 133 and 134:
120 With the scope of the Protocol
Page 135 and 136:
122 The South African authorities a
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124 • (Tracing) Details of all st
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126 tracing Chinese weapons. Conseq
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128 circulating information by fax
Page 143 and 144:
130 Tracing requests are normally c
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132 encourage countries along the t
Page 147 and 148:
134 close enough to provide adequat
Page 149 and 150:
136 3. If Interpol is not up to the
Page 151 and 152:
138 which restrict the amount of in
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140 9 It was notable during negotia
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142
Page 157 and 158:
144 There are other reasons as well
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146 Laws Firearms are a durable com
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148 This last point should not be u
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150 the future a firearm tracing qu
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152 There are several important ele
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154 Canada, nearly all transfers re
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156 accuracy and man-hour effective
Page 171 and 172:
158 industry practices. An effectiv
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160
Page 175 and 176:
162 manner in national (and possibl
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164 routine stockpile management. A
Page 179 and 180:
166 International regulations on th
Page 181 and 182:
168 2. The definitions of weapons,
Page 183 and 184:
170 enable national authorities to
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172 serial number of the firearm. T
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174 9. Explosives: the recommendati
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176 • The States parties undertak
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178 • The following is establishe
Page 193 and 194:
180 International regulations on th
Page 195 and 196:
182 • The participating States ag
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184 The Convention on Plastic Explo
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186 5.3.1 European Joint Action The
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188 years in July 2001. In December
Page 203 and 204:
190 • States must make efforts to
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192 a greater degree of harmonizati
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194 this may lead to the undesirabl
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196 28 Or at least difficult or imp
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198 49 Speech by Mr. Koffi Adjouman
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200 in its capacity as President of
Page 215 and 216:
202 Table 1: Scope of the Seven Pri
Page 217 and 218:
204 Table 1 (continued) Characteris
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206 Characteristics of the marking
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208 Characteristics of the marking
Page 223 and 224:
210 Characteristics of the recordke
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212 Characteristics of the record-k
Page 227 and 228:
214 Table 4: Comparison of the Stan
Page 229 and 230:
216 Characteristics of the exchange
Page 231:
218
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