Co-experience: Understanding user experiences in social interaction

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example, the grace and care needed in using an old record player with a needle should be compared to the operations of compact disk players. (Hummels 2000) The full capacity of people’s senses could be addressed more widely in the design of electronic products. Aesthetics is not just for the eye but for action as well. This view seems to emphasise a designer’s way of seeing and relating to objects, although it is true that the experience of operating products is commonly not addressed as much as it should. Hassenzahl states that people have two modes for product interaction: goals and action. The goal mode is practical and work-oriented; the action mode is for fun and entertainment (see Fig. 3). Hassenzahl thus suggests that enjoyment has more to do with the human mindset than with the product. Hassenzahl helps to clarify why the same thing can be experienced at times as irritating and stressful (in the goal oriented mode) but at other times exciting, challenging and fun, when in the action oriented mode. (Hassenzahl 2003) The model does not account for how or why these modes change or what other aspects may influence experience, such as aesthetics. As can be interpreted from the variety of these mainly person-centred models, determining the most relevant dimensions that people find significant in product experiences and making them understandable, accessible and usable is not simple. In that sense, Jordan’s framework of pleasures is probably the most general yet practical. Focusing more on action and the moment of experience, Hassenzahl’s model explains why Hummels’ call for resonance sounds at the same time both wonderful and annoying, as our preference for enjoying action versus accomplishing tasks varies in interaction. These two models tie our experience more tightly to the moment of experiencing instead of separating utility from pleasure and other emotional aspects. 42 2 USER EXPRERIENCE DEMYSTIFIED 2.1.2 PRODUCT-CENTRED FRAMEWORKS: DESIGN AND RESEARCH CHECKLISTS As design is about creating something, it is natural that models also focus on the qualities of the design and their relationship to people’s experiences and evaluations of them. Jääskö et al. have developed a framework that describes the elements that contribute to user experience from the product point of view especially in the context of concept design and user studies. To understand the user experiences that relate to products, five different viewpoints, or worlds, can be identified: the world of activities, the world of product meanings, the physical world, the world of products and the world of humans (see Fig. 4). They call the set up the scene of experiences (Jääskö et al. 2003).
43 ACTION GOAL goal goal goal action FIGURE 3 Hassenzahl’s model of goals and action in work and fun: Goal mode is for productivity, action mode for fun (Hassenzahl 2003). The framework’s advantage is that it connects clear techniques and activities to each of these worlds, creating a comprehensive chart for placing user study activities in relation to each other. Kansei engineering (Nagamachi 2001) attempts to identify the feelings that customers seek and engineers products to create and suggest these feelings in their look and feel. Feeling, here, is a crude translation of the Japanese concept of kansei, which means something like the psychological feeling or image of a product – an exact translation is difficult to create. Through a systematic engineering and testing process, products can be designed to support the image the manufacturer wants to convey. Hassenzahl (2003) gives product features a European treatment, basing the views on combining usability and pleasure. Product features contribute to character, but the features of products can be identified as hedonistic and pragmatic attributes. The hedonistic attributes are stimulation, identification and evocation, which relate to the self – the pragmatic attributes relate to what Hassenzahl calls the act dimension. The consequences of products can be satisfaction, pleasure and appeal (see Fig. 5).
Page 3 and 4: Katja Battarbee UNDERSTANDING USER
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field testing as an early research
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ple explore a product or a technolo
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the time (articles 1 Mäkelä & Bat
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1 IT’S FUN TO DO THINGS TOGETHER
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102 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES cial
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104 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES
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The results of the two user studies
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FIGURE 2 One of the users with a Ph
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joyed the challenge of breaking the
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the other
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KEYWORDS User experience, interacti
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pretation act to shape the experien
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CATEGORIES AND SUBJECT DESCRIPTORS:
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make proposals and counterproposals
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The first message (figure 1) is jus
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and sunniest time of year. The “f
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ecome fluent in forms of media, the
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mote storytelling. [3] Narration an
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in Computer Systems 2002, Minneapol
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INTRODUCTION Usability experts know
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136 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES ence
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138 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES Simil
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ticipant was given a MMS phone (eit
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Sometimes experiences belong to lar
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From Liisa: 11 th July 2002 6:35 p.
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People may also align with negative
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From Thomas: 16 th July 2002 1:41 p
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150 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES disti
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152 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES 6. Bl
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52. Taylor, A. and Harper, R. (2002
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CATEGORIES AND SUBJECT DESCRIPTORS:
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158 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES proac
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USER-PRODUCT INTERACTIONS: FLUENT,
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162 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES end,
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tive, often shared experiences - su
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166 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES inter
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oth a subjective and objective view
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170 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES T. Ed
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This leads us to the core question
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that resist all your attempts to un
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or even grass. This poses new chall
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FIGURE 2 The large emply piazza. FI
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INTERVENTIONS A first attempt to sp
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• After recording, preview the me
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A SCENARIO FOR THE SATELLITES The s
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pants can experience affective inti
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the importance of qualitative exper
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A AFFECTIVE COMPUTING WEBSITE . . .
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196 REFERENCES Beyer, Hugh. & Karen
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198 REFERENCES Garrett, Jesse James
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200 REFERENCES The ever improving d
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202 REFERENCES Picard, Rosalind W.
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1900 ZEPPELIN, ESCALATOR . . . . .
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EVENTS, INVENTIONS, ART, CULTURE DE
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