Co-experience: Understanding user experiences in social interaction

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72 2 USER EXPRERIENCE DEMYSTIFIED tion-oriented approach has sprung forth from the Royal College of Art in London, most prominently from creative minds at the Computer Related Design studio. Their focus is to become inspired by and of people and to treat concept design as a tool for creating value fiction – creations that challenge people to think about their relationships with technology and products (Dunne & Gaver 1997 – they approach value fiction mainly through concept prototypes). One of their most influential works was the original Cultural Probes process, a process or technique for collecting input from the elderly in various locations in Europe for the EU-funded project Presence (Gaver et al 1999). The cultural probes approach from the Presence project has become influential at least in Europe (Gaver et al. 1999). They used designed tasks in a kit to help people describe their experiences and attitudes towards their life and their neighbourhood. The results, as postcards, photographs, maps and stories, trickled back to London one by one through the mail from Norway, the Netherlands and Italy. The principle of the cultural probes was that the designers could become inspired by what the people created directly, and that the sometimes even ambiguous material would evoke stories and help the designers to approach the issue of the elderly and neighbourhoods creatively. Their approach to becoming inspired is to interpret the ambiguous, focus on the idiosyncratic, blow it out of proportion, design for it and then inspect the results. This approach is best at home where design concepts are used to inform, speculate, learn and warn: they have been used in art installations and student work (Dunne & Raby 2001). The creative and highly inventive quality of the Cultural Probes, and later the Domestic Probes, has not been surpassed. Both projects aimed at collecting highly personal, subjective and fragmentary pieces of input from people on a broad, experience-related topic and using the results to fuel creativity and ideation. The probes approach has been applied to pre-concept research in different areas as well, and has been combined with other types of user studies. Wensveen applied the probes approach to help people document their waking experiences, something a visiting researcher could not very well come to do. His probes helped people express their emotions during waking up and their attitudes towards the alarm clock. (Wensveen 1999) Probes, then, do not have to travel far to be useful. Probes were also applied in a case of exercise and wellbeing, and following that, several pre-concept research projects (e.g. Mattelmäki & Battarbee 2002). The approach was more towards using the probes approach as one part of establishing a dialogue between participants and reserachers. The process involved several stages of studying materials, forming profiles or conclusions and then meeting again with the participant to learn more (see Fig. 17). In cases
FIGURE 17 73 Examples of self documentation probes from projects at the University of Art and Design Helsinki. Project Morphome (PROACT, Academy of Finland) studied experiences of living with technology in homes using e.g. animal stickers and a floor plan. A student project for Kone corporation studied the experiences and moods of wheelchair users as they encounter elevators during their day (student team: Bogesits, Uhari-Pakkalin and Vasara).
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Katja Battarbee UNDERSTANDING USER
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FOR YOU
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4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES 101 1 IT
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an experience, the recipient is use
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It takes a group to turn a design s
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1 INTRO - DUCTION 1.1 FOCUS AND AIM
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duction cycles are short and the st
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fizzy flavoured water seem to be ab
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Page 67 and 68: BEHAVIOUR EXPERIENCE 67 OBSERVATION
Page 69 and 70: FIGURE 14 69 Empathic observations
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Page 106 and 107: The results of the two user studies
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make proposals and counterproposals
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The first message (figure 1) is jus
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and sunniest time of year. The “f
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ecome fluent in forms of media, the
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mote storytelling. [3] Narration an
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in Computer Systems 2002, Minneapol
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INTRODUCTION Usability experts know
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136 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES ence
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138 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES Simil
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ticipant was given a MMS phone (eit
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Sometimes experiences belong to lar
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From Liisa: 11 th July 2002 6:35 p.
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People may also align with negative
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From Thomas: 16 th July 2002 1:41 p
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150 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES disti
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152 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES 6. Bl
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52. Taylor, A. and Harper, R. (2002
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CATEGORIES AND SUBJECT DESCRIPTORS:
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158 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES proac
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USER-PRODUCT INTERACTIONS: FLUENT,
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162 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES end,
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tive, often shared experiences - su
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166 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES inter
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oth a subjective and objective view
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170 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES T. Ed
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172 4 PRESENTING THE ARTICLES
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This leads us to the core question
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that resist all your attempts to un
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or even grass. This poses new chall
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FIGURE 2 The large emply piazza. FI
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INTERVENTIONS A first attempt to sp
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• After recording, preview the me
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A SCENARIO FOR THE SATELLITES The s
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pants can experience affective inti
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the importance of qualitative exper
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A AFFECTIVE COMPUTING WEBSITE . . .
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196 REFERENCES Beyer, Hugh. & Karen
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198 REFERENCES Garrett, Jesse James
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200 REFERENCES The ever improving d
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202 REFERENCES Picard, Rosalind W.
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1900 ZEPPELIN, ESCALATOR . . . . .
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EVENTS, INVENTIONS, ART, CULTURE DE
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