Dictionary of Evidence-based Medicine.pdf

G
Game theory
Game theory, first developed by von Neumann (1903-57), is the study of
strategic decision making by more than one person. A classic application
of game theory is in the study of oligopolies or markets in which there are
a few firms, each of which has to consider the response of others before
acting. In such a market, before a firm raises or drops its prices, it has to
consider whether the others will follow or take no action. Using game
theory, it can be shown that in such a market, the oligopolists are likely to
maintain price stability (von Neumann J, Morgenstern O (1944) The theory
of games and economic behaviour. John Wiley, New York. Gibbons R (1992)
A primer in game theory. Harvester Wheatsheaf, Hertfordshire).
GCP (see Good clinical practice)
GDP deflator
The gross domestic product (GDP) deflator is a number which shows the
GDP in constant prices. It is derived by dividing the GDP in current prices
by the GDP in constant prices. When presenting the GDP deflator for a
number of years in the form of a series, scaling is used. A given year is
used as the reference year and given a value of 100. For example, in the
1994 US Economic Report to the President, the GDP deflator for 1987 was
assigned a value of 100. The deflators for 1985,1986,1987,1988,1989 and
1990 were given as 94.4, 96.6, 100, 103.9, 108.5 and 113.3 respectively.
Therefore, given the deflator for a given year and the GDP for that year, the
GDP can be expressed in 1987 dollars.
General Household Survey
The General Household Survey (GHS) is an annual survey undertaken by
the UK Office for National Statistics (ONS) to provide data on health,
population characteristics, education and economic activity. The need for
the GHS is being reviewed by the ONS.