NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD

VII. PRINCIPLES ESTABLISHED 191
of Shipowners' Association of the Pacific Coast, 42 in determining
what classes of longshoremen had a substantial interest in the working
conditions applicable to longshore work, the Board excluded those
groups which did not depend chiefly on longshore work for their livelihood,
but were called on only when there were no regular longshoremen
available. 4 3
In Matter of Flexo Products Corporation, 44 all but one of the company's
employees worked only irregularly and intermittently. In
determining the appropriate unit, the Board included those employees
whom the company intended to call on as need arose.45
The Board has held that part-time employees who are regularly
employed may be included in an appropriate unit for full-time employees,"
although in one case it was held that certain Saturday employees
should be excluded from a unit of retail store employees
because of their temporary tenure.47
(0) FUNCTIONAL COHERENCE
The functional coherence and interdependence of the various departments
in mass-production industries has often impelled the Board
to treat all of the production and maintenance employees of a given
company as a single unit. Some of the reasons for this method of
treatment are mentioned above, as are also the reasons for excluding
supervisory and clerical employees. It should be noted, however,
that the similarity of the nature of the work of production employees,
which is stressed above, is not the sole reason for providing for the
industrial form of collective bargaining. Functional interdependence
between the various departments of a plant may lead to the same result,
even where there is some difference between the skill required in
those departments.
Hence the Board has held that a close interrelation of the work
of various departments of a plant tends to support a finding of one
plant unit, rather than departmental units," and also militates against
the splitting off of one department from a plant unit." Similarly,
"Matter of Shipowners' Association of the Pacific Coast, Waterfront Employers Association
of the Pacific Coast, The Waterfront Employers of Seattle, The Waterfront Employers
of Portland, The Waterfront Employers Association of San Francisco, The Waterfront
Employers Association of Southern California, and International Longshoremen's and
Warehousemen's Union, District No. 1, 7 N. L. R. B. 1002.
a But note that in that case certain men in San Francisco who were known as casual
employees were included in the appropriate unit, since it appeared that they differed from
the regular employees only in that the latter worked regularly for one company, whereas
the former were available for work at any of the company-5' docks.
44 Matter of Flexo products Corporation and International Brotherhood of Electrical
Workers, Local B-713, 7 N. L. R. B. 1163.
45 See also discussion of Matter of Alaska Packers Association and Alaska Cannery
Workers Union Local No. 5, Committee for Industrial Organization. 7 N. L. R. B. 141, in
section El above. In that case the three companies involved employed men only during
certain parts of the year.
" Matter of Daily Mirror, Inc. and The Newspaper Guild of New York, 5 N. L. R. B.
362.
47 Matter of Canadian Fur Trappers Corporation, Canadian Fur Trappers of New Jersey,
Inc., Jordan's Inc.. Morris Dornfeld doing business as Werth's Wearing Apparel. and
Department and Variety Stores Employees Union, Local 1115—A, 4 N. L. R. B. 904.
48 Matter or Sheba Ann Frocks, Inc. and International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
of America, Locals 121 and 204, 3 N. L. R. B. 97; Matter of Huth cf James Shoe Mfg. Company
and United Shoe Workers of America, 3 N. L. R. B. 220; Matter of Daily Mirror.
Inc. and The Newspaper Guild of New York. 5 N. L. R. B. 362; Matter of American Oil
Company and Oil Workers' International Union, 7 N. L. R. B. 210; and Matter of Proximity
Print Works and Textile Workers Organizing Committee. 7 N. L. R. B. 803.
co Matter of Fleischer Studios. Inc. and Commercial Artists & Designers Union—
American Federation of Labor, 3 N. L. R. B. 207; Matter of Jones Lumber Company, West
Oregon Lumber Company. Clark cf Wilson Lumber Company, B. F. Johnson Lumber Company.
Portland Lumber Mills. Inman-Potasen Lumber Company, and Eastern & Western
Lumber Company and Columbia River District Council of Lumber an4 Sawmill Workers'
Union No. 5, etc., et a/., 3 N. L. It. B. 855; Matter of News Syndicate Co., Inc. and News-