VOLUME I Multinational Maritime Tactical Instructions and Procedures

MTP 1(D), Vol. I
b. Doubt of Position. Ships should exchange data on navigational positions if there is any doubt
of their positions, especially when approaching land or after a period in which a fix has not been obtained.
Large ships should also assist small ships and craft by passing their own positions to them.
c. Position Reports. All large ships and the screen commander(s) will make position reports to
the OTC at 1200 (or 15 minutes after noon position) or when called for. The method by which the position
was determined will be indicated. Position reported will be the formation center.
d. Movement Reporting System. When it is required on a need-to-know basis that
information be exchanged between commanders, individual ships (less submarines) or formations are to
report in peace, and may be directed in war, their positions, routing, changes thereto, and intended CHOP
by means of Movement Reports (MOVREPs). These MOVREPs may also include other intentions (see
ACP 176). Additional details are contained in APP-11.
2118 — 2119 SPARE
2120 COURSE AND SPEED
a. Ships are ordered to proceed by course and speed. In formations, the Guide is ordered to proceed
at the signaled speed on the signaled course. Signaled speed is attained by using the normal number of
revolutions for the ordered speed and adjusting as necessary for foul bottom and damage; signaled course
requires correction of the compass course for gyro error or variation and deviation. When evasive steering,
such as zigzagging, is ordered, a base course and a base speed are to be ordered. Subsequent course
alterations do not change the base course unless the change is specifically signaled.
b. Ships may also be ordered to proceed at a specific speed, such as maximum speed, operational
speed, stationing speed, normal speed, or steerageway. When no stationing speed has been ordered,
operational speed is to be substituted for stationing speed in the description of certain maneuvers. Normal
speed should be previously established if its use is expected to be required by the type or unit commander.
Speeds may also be ordered with reference to specific equipment performance requirements, such as
optimum or maximum sonar speed, or with reference to the requirements of specific operations, such as
replenishment speed.
2121 COURSE AND SPEED MADE GOOD
a. It is necessary to distinguish clearly between signaled (or base) course and signaled (or base)
speed and:
(1) Course and speed made good through the water (CSW).
(2) Course and speed made good over the ground (CSG).
b. CSW includes the effect of weather on course made good through the water (CTW) and speed
made good through the water (STW), but not the effect of current or tidal stream. CSG includes the effect of
current or tidal stream on course made good over the ground (COG) and speed made good over the ground
(SOG). It is CSG that is normally used when routing ships; in this case, the speed component is indicated as
speed of advance (SOA).
2122 POSITION AND INTENDED MOVEMENT
a. Purpose. The OTC establishes position and intended movement (PIM) to assist the return of
aircraft, to aid outlying surface units in maintaining station, to keep adjacent commands informed of his
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