IPCC_Managing Risks of Extreme Events.pdf - Climate Access

Chapter 6National Systems for Managing the Risks from Climate Extremes and DisastersTable 6-1 (continued)Sector/Response‘No regrets’ and ‘low regrets’actions for current and futurerisksWaterresources• Implement Integrated Water ResourceManagement (IWRM), national waterefficiency, storage plans 20• Effective surveillance, prediction, warningand emergency response systems; betterdisease and vector control, detection andprediction systems; better sanitation;awareness and training on public health24• Adequate funding, capacity for resilientwater infrastructure and water resourcemanagement; Improved institutionalarrangements, negotiations for waterallocations, joint river basin management23Infra -structure,Housing, Cities,Transportation,Energy• Building codes, standards with updatedclimatic values; climate- resilientinfrastructure (and energy) designs;training, capacity, inspection,enforcement; monitoring for priorityretrofits (e.g., permafrost); maintenance27• Legal alternatives to informal settlements,sanitation 27• Strengthen early warning systems, hazardawareness; improved weather warningsystems; disaster-resilient buildingcomponents (rooms) in high-risk areas;tourism development planning;heat-health responses 28• Integrate urban planning, engineering,maintenance 27• Diversified energy systems; maintenance;self-sufficiency, clean energy technologiesfor national energy plans, internationalagreement goals (biogas, solar cooker);use of renewable energy in remote andvulnerable regions; use of appropriateenergy mixes nationally 29• Energy security; distributed energygeneration and distribution 29(‘No/low regrets’ optionsplus…) Preparing forclimate change risks byreducing uncertainties(building capacity)• Develop prediction, climateprojection, and early warningsystems for flood events andlow water flow conditions;research and downscaling forhydrological basins 24• Multi-sectoral planning forwater; selective decentralizationof water resource management(e.g., catchments and riverbasins); joint river basinmanagement (e.g., bi-national)23• Improved downscaling ofclimate change information;maintain climate data networks,update climatic designinformation; increasedsafety/uncertainty factors incodes and standards; developadaptation to climate changetools 28• Research on climate, energy,coastal, and built environmentinterface, including flexibledesigns, redundancy; forensicstudies of failures (adaptationlearning); improvedmaintenance 27• Investments for sustainableenergy development;cooperation on trans-boundaryenergy supplies (e.g., windenergy at times of peak windvelocity) 29(“Preparing for climatechange” risks plus...)Reduce risks from futureclimate change• National water policyframeworks, robust integratedand adaptive water resourcemanagement for adaptation toclimate change 25• Investments in hard and softinfrastructure consideringchanged climate; riverrestoration 25• Improved weather, climate,hydrology-hydraulics, waterquality forecasts for newconditions 24• Codes, standards for changedextremes 30• Publicly funded infrastructure,coastal development and postdisasterreconstruction toinclude adaptation to climatechange 30• New materials, engineeringapproaches; flexible design anduse structures; assetmanagement for adaptation toclimate change 30• Hazard mapping; zoning andavoidance; prioritized retrofits,abandon the most vulnerable;soft engineering services 30• Design energy generation,distribution systems foradaptation; switch to less riskyenergy systems, mixes; embedsustainable energy in disasterrisk reduction and adaptation toclimate change planning 29Risk transfer• Public-privatepartnerships; Economicsfor water allocationsbeyond basic needs 26• Mobilize financialresources and capacityfor technology and EbA26• Insurance forinfrastructure 26• Infrastructure insuranceand financial riskmanagement 29• Insurance for energyfacilities, interruption 29• Innovative risk sharinginstruments 29• Government reservefunds 29Accept and deal withincreased andunavoidable (residual)risks• Enhance nationalpreparedness and evacuationplans for greater risks 24• Enhance health infrastructurefor more failures 24• Alter transport, engineering;increases to temporaryconsumable water takingpermits 24• Enhance food , waterdistribution for emergencies,plan for alternate livelihoods24• More relocations 28• Enhance evacuation,transportation, and energycontingency planning forincreases in extreme events28• Increase climate-resilientshelter construction 28‘Win-win’ synergies forGHG reduction,adaptation, riskreduction, anddevelopment benefits• Integrated and sustainable waterefficiency and renewable hydropower for adaptation to climatechange 23• Implement energy- and waterefficientGHG reductions, disasterrisk reduction and adaptation toclimate change synergies 29• Scale up, market penetration forsustainable renewable energyproduction; increasedhydroelectric potential;sustainable biomass; ‘greener’distributed community energysystems 29Continued next page353