Sustainable Building Technical Manual - Etn-presco.net

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Part V:The Construction ProcessEnvironmentally sound construction methods are outlined and the section discusses sitemanagement issues, indoor air quality, and resource efficiency as they relate to constructionprocesses.Part VI: Operations and MaintenanceThis section reviews environmental operations and maintenance issues including indoorenvironmental quality, energy efficiency, resource efficiency, and renovation.Housekeeping and custodial practices that help maintain high environmental standardsare also discussed.Part VII: Issues and TrendsThe first chapter in this section discusses financing options and cost issues for local governmentsseeking to implement green building practices. The last chapter presents greenbuilding issues such as building standards, rating systems and product certification, andgreen business trends such as performance contracting and product “environmental”leasing.AppendicesThe Appendices contain a comprehensive listing of information resources for local government;a glossary of terms, acronyms, and abbreviations used in this manual; a n dbiographies of the manual’s contributing writers. They also contain the PTI AdvisoryCommittee of public and private experts, and other manual reviewers, including membersof the U.S. Green Building Council and American Institute of Architects, and representativesfrom the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency.Format of the Manual ChaptersSections of this manual that discuss green building practices—Parts II through VI—areorganized according to the traditional project phases of building design, construction,and operations. The chapters in each section focus on sustainable issues and green practicesrelevant to the specific processes that occur in each of these phases. Parts II throughVI also include chapters on local government information, which provide the local governmentperspective on implementation issues, give examples of action taken by jurisdictions,and include lists of local options. Readers may choose to add other relevantinformation and resources about local green building experts, products, or regulations tothese local government chapters.Most of these chapters are organized in the following standard format:★ S I G N I F I CA N C E .This section summarizes the sustainability issues relevant to the chapter’s topic. It alsoprovides background information on the subject.. ☛ SUGGESTED PRACTICES AND CHECKLISTIThis section suggests action-oriented, environmentally based practices that design andconstruction professionals may apply directly to their projects. Brief discussions accompanythe practices which are presented in a checklist format.
I➜ R E S O U R C E SIResource lists accompanying chapters direct the reader to publications with additionalinformation on the subject. These lists are not exhaustive, and are intended generally asstarting points.IN OT E SIThe numbered citations at the end of each chapter are endnotes related to informationcited in the text.Chapter Presentation and ApproachSuccessful sustainable design requires an integrated approach; green building systemsand operational practices are dependent on siting, solar access and light penetration,architectural design, and product specification. Green buildings must take all of thesefactors into consideration on a “whole-building,” integrated basis. This approach is notlinear; rather it is circular and multi-dimensional.Given this level of complexity and the interrelationships between different parts of thedesign process, chapters cross-reference pertinent information in other chapters. Eachchapter, however, can stand on its own. As a result, some of the material in a given chaptermay echo information provided elsewhere. For example, topics covered in the chapteron the design of heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems may be repeated,to some extent, in the chapter on operations and maintenance. The goal of thisapproach is to allow professionals from different fields—design, engineering, products,and operations—to use the relevant parts of this manual independently. To further thisgoal, we have published the manual in a notebook format, allowing easier concurrent useby several practitioners as well as additions and updates to the information containedt h e r e i n .
Page 1 and 2: SUSTAI ABLEBUILDI GTECH ICALMA UALG
Page 3 and 4: Ac k n ow l e d g m e n t sFunding
Page 5 and 6: AuthorsLoren E. Abraham, AIA, IDSA,
Page 7 and 8: Co n t e n t sAcknowledgments . . .
Page 9 and 10: The industry’s growing sustainabi
Page 11: OverviewSustainable Building Techni
Page 15 and 16: Locally, public and private leaders
Page 17 and 18: Life-cycle cost analysis—an incre
Page 19 and 20: PORTLAND TRAILBLAZERS ROSE GARDEN A
Page 21 and 22: oughly $60 billion each year in med
Page 23 and 24: MT. AIRY PUBLIC LIBRARYMt. Airy, No
Page 25 and 26: CHAPTER 2Selecting Env i ronmentall
Page 27 and 28: ology avoids false precision by col
Page 29 and 30: non-dominant alternatives within al
Page 31 and 32: BEES will accommodate different lev
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER 3P r e - De s i g n★ S I
Page 35 and 36: Environmental design guidelines, al
Page 37 and 38: the project. The building program s
Page 39 and 40: cise can produce valuable informati
Page 41 and 42: By December 1994, the city’s Depa
Page 43 and 44: PART IIISite Is s u e sIntroduction
Page 45 and 46: The use, scale, and structural syst
Page 47 and 48: RELATIONSHIP OF LOT SHAPE AND SET-B
Page 49 and 50: ❑ Identify alternative site desig
Page 51 and 52: Building and Site Orientation (see
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER 6Water Is s u e sWatershed
Page 55 and 56: POROUS ASPHALTFigure 1Porous asphal
Page 57 and 58: SAMPLE INFILTRATION BASINSource: U.
Page 59 and 60: use vary by locality. If rainfall i
Page 61 and 62: methods of dealing with centralized
Page 63 and 64:
SHALLOW TRENCH SECTION VIEWSource:
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GRAY- AND BLACKWATER SYSTEMSBurks,
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Soil fertility not only supports pl
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. ☛ SUGGESTED PRACTICES AND CHECK
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❑ Carefully distinguish between l
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Irrigation Equipment★ S I G N I F
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Photovoltaic (PV) power is generall
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OUTDOOR LIGHTING AND ELECTRICITYMoy
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As local governments consider site
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■ Provide guidelines for building
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the collection and use of rainwater
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and global warming, by the strategi
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SECTION APa s s i ve Solar De s i g
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Passive building design starts with
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Daylighting requires the correct pl
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- Determine the optimal effective a
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controlled by the reflectivity of t
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installations require diffuse glazi
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ADVANCED LIGHT SHELFSource: Interna
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shading coefficient. A luminous eff
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8 Illuminating Engineering Society.
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Decisions about construction detail
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❑ Select the proper glazing for w
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guidelines, examples, and reference
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Thermal mass and energy storage are
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❑ Consider other cooling strategi
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Active Solar Systems★ S I G N I F
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from the storage tank, or by flushi
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P h o t ovo l t a i c s★ S I G N
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Solar Energy Research Institute. Th
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SECTION BBuildings Systems andIndoo
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After the energy crisis, design and
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❑ Optimize system efficiency.HVAC
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❑ Consider thermal energy storage
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❑ Perform a pre-occupancy flushou
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❑ Match the quality of light to t
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Renovation and Retrofit Issues❑ C
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Plumbing Systems★ S I G N I F I C
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- Energy learning centers with clas
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.N OT E SI1 Armory B. Lovins and Ro
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These organisms can affect occupant
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Design PrinciplesDesign for improve
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3. International Agency on Research
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- Clean air shafts, occupied areas
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educe the exposure of the interior
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❑ Develop and provide the buildin
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CHAPTER 14Acoustics★ S I G N I F
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RECOMMENDED DESIGN CRITERIA FOR BAC
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❑ In highly sound-sensitive areas
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CHAPTER 15BuildingCo m m i s s i o
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EXAMPLES OF SYSTEMS THAT REQUIRE CO
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the successful completion of each p
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.I➜ R E S O U R C E SIPortland En
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Much has been written and a great d
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LIFE-CYCLE OF A BUILDINGNote: See G
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BUILDING LIFE-CYCLE DIAGRAM FOR MAT
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■ The inventory of input material
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CHAPTER 16Ma t e r i a l sIntroduct
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can be extreme. However, in a hot,
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(Refer to the “Environmental Impa
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❑ Resource-efficient options- Det
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❑ Health and pollution issues- Ro
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- Some tile is available with recyc
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- One method of low-emission carpet
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- Tropical hardwoods are common in
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CHAPTER 17S p e c i f i c a t i o n
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products such as alternative agricu
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CHAPTER 18Local Gove r n m e n tI n
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Building Systems.I M P L E M E N TA
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.L O CAL OPTIONS.■ Adopt local gu
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PART VThe Co n s t r u c t i o nP r
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cost, within the tightest time-fram
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Construction-Related Indoor Air Qua
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HVAC System Practices❑ Flush out
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- Install motion sensors for securi
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CHAPTER 20Local Gove r n m e n tI n
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tractors the option of using multip
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PART VIOperations andMa i n t e n a
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CHAPTER 21Building Operationsand Ma
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Page 239 and 240:
Temperature and Humidity Control- C
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❑ Maximize use of daylight.❑ In
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While renovation often provides an
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tions. Will be of interest to those
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5.Develop procedures to address acc
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❑ Remove dust.Use a vacuum with h
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❑ Remove stains caused by inks, g
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sion to non-heavy-metal alternative
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➤The Environmental and Conservati
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PART VIIIssues and TrendsIntroducti
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Figure 1Front-End CostsSIMPLE CUMUL
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Table 1PAYMENT TO ENERGY PROV I D E
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A unique feature of the installatio
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Building-Rating SystemsGreen buildi
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Product CertificationSeveral entiti
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ASTM STANDARDS UNDER DEVELOPMENTLif
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The systems module simulates the op
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City of Oakland—Energy Performanc
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Studies have indicated that increas
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Appendix 1: Resources for Local Gov
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Appendix 2: Gl o s s a r yA b s o r
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Generally regarded as safe (GRAS)
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the “Primary output” of the pre
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Appendix 3: Ab b r ev i a t i o n s
Page 289 and 290:
to building owners, designers, and
Page 291:
Appendix 6: Rev i ewe r sLoren E. A
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