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Type-Iocality.-Cueva de El Jobo, El Jobo, SanLuis Potosi, Mexico.Distribution.-Known from caves in the Xilitlaregion, San Luis Potosi. See Fig. 65.Records.-San Luis PotoSI: Cueva del Aire, Cuevade los Cuchos, Cueva de la Roya, Cueva del J obo, andCueva del Salitre.Discussion.-This is an eyeless, pigmentless speciesclosely related to A. atoyacense.Family IsotomidaeTwo troglophilic species of the family Isotomidae(Folsomia sp. and Folsomina onychiurina Denis) wereidentified by Bonet (1953a) from caves in the Xilitlaregion, San Luis Potosi. Proisotoma sp. has been collectedin Sotano de Yerbaniz, San Luis Potosi; andP. centralis Denis was reported by Mills (1938) fromCenote Yunchen, Yucatan.Family NeelidaeBonet (1947) in his monograph on the familyNeelidae reported Neelus murinus Folsom fromCueva de Los Sabinos, San Luis Potosi; N. murinusbolivari Bonet from Cueva de San ta Elena, Yucatan;and Megalothorax minimus Willem from caves InNuevo Leon and Yucatan. All are troglophiles ortrogloxenes.Family OncopoduridaeOncopodura atoyacense BonetOncopodura atoyacense Bonet, 1943:133, 140, 145147, fig. 14-16; Bonet, 1946a:114; Nicholas,1962:179; Salmon, 1964:297; Reddell, 1971b:51.Oncopodura atoyacensis: Gueorguiev, 1974:683(erroneous spelling).Type-Iocality.-Cueva (=Grutas) de Atoyac, Atoyac,Veracruz, Mexico.Distribution.-Known only from the type.locality.See Fig. 66.Discussion.-The genus Oncopodura is representedby several species in Europe, one in Japan, one troglobitein Montana (U.S.A.), and the two Mexican troglobiteslisted here.Oncopodura prietoi BonetOnchopodura: Anonymous, 1942b:265 (erroneousspelling).Oncopodura prietoi Bonet, 1943:133, 141, 147-150,fig. 17·22; Bolivar, 1944:26; Bonet, 1946a:114;Nicholas, 1962:179; Salmon, 1964:298; Reddell,1971b:51; Reddell and Elliott, 1973b:182·186.Oncopodura sp.: Reddell and Mitchell, 1971b:191.Oncopodura prietori: Gueorguiev, 1974:683 (erroneousspelling).Type-Iocality.-Gruta del Palmi to, Bustamante,Nuevo Leon, Mexico.Distribution.-Known from the type-locality andpossibly one cave in the Sierra de Guatemala, Tamau·lipas. See Fig. 66.Records.-Nuevo Leon: Grutas del Palmito; Tamaulipas:?Bee Cave.Discussion.-This eyeless species is closely relatedto several European species. The record of this speciesfrom Bee Cave is based on a single specimen. Additionalmaterial is needed to verify this identification.Family OnychiuridaeAt least three species of the family Onychiuridaehave been identified from Mexican caves. Mesaphorurakrausbaueri Borner and Onychiurus sp. were reportedby Bonet (1953a) from caves in the Xilitlaregion, San Luis PotosI. Onychiurus fimetarius(Linnaeus) has been collected in Resumidero dePablillo, Nuevo Leon. Mesaphorura foveata Bonetwas reported from Cueva Chica, San Luis Potosi(Bonet, 1944b).Family PoduridaeIn addition to the troglobitic Spelaeogastruraguerrerense Bonet, three other podurids have beenidentified from Mexican caves (see Fig. 66). Mills(1938) described the troglophile Xenylla yucatanafrom Cenote de Sambula (Motul), Yucatan. Recentcollections have included Paranura caeca Folsomfrom Grutas del Mogote, Guerrero, and Tafallia sp.from Cueva del Huisache, San Luis PotosI.Spelaeogastrura guerrerense BonetSpelaeogastrura guerrerense Bonet, 1945:22-27, fig.1-10, 17-23; Bonet, 1946a:114; Nicholas, 1962:179; Salmon, 1964:239; Reddell, 1971b:51.Speleogastrura: Delamare Deboutteville, 1951:272(erroneous spelling).Spelaeogastrura: Salmon, 1964:108,239.Type-locality.-Gruta de Cacahuamilpa, Cacahuamilpa,Guerrero, Mexico.Distribution.-Known only from the type-locality.See Fig. 66.Discussion.-This eyeless, pigmentless species is theonly member of the genus. Spelaeogastrura is possiblymost closely related to the genus Schafferia.200
Family SminthuridaeThe family Sminthuridae includes one describedtroglobite, Pararrhopalites anops, in Mexico. A speciesof the genus Sminthurus was reported by Bonet(1953a) as a troglobite in the caves of the Xilitla region,San Luis Potosi. Temeritas sp. has been recentlycollected in Sotano de la Tinaja, San Luis Potosi; itsecological status is unknown.Pararrhopalites anops Bonet and TellezPararrhopalites anops Bonet and Tellez, 1947:194198, 202, fig. 1-16; Cassagnau and DelamareDehoutteville, 1953:143; Stach, 1956:62; Nicholas,1962:179; Salmon, 1964:576; Reddell,1967a:24; Reddell, 1971h:51.Type-locality.-Cueva (=Grutas) del Palmito, Bustamante,Nuevo Leon, Mexico.Distribution.-Known only from the type-locality.See Fig. 66.Discussion.-Pararrhopalites includes only the troglobitelisted here and P. oculatus Bonet from Isla dela Roqueta, Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico.MEXICOGUATEMALA///r\r·'-..-"Fig. 66.-Distribution of troglobitic and troglophilic collembolans of the families Oncopoduridae, Poduridae, and Sminthuridae:1, Oncopodura prietoi and Pararrhopalites anops; 2, O. prietoi; 3, Spelaeogastrura guerrerense; 4, O. atoyacense;5,Xeny/la yucatana.201
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A REVIEW OF THECAVERNICOLE FAUNA OF
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. 1-----,, ,", ,\'"I/I~" )/Fig. I.-
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collected a troglobitic cirolanid i
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C. Bolivar and J. Carranza investig
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springs in the vicinity of Cautro C
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Cueva del Diablo near Orizaba, Vera
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Those species of troglobite which h
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Table 2.-(continued)1970. Eodrilus
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CAVE REGIONSOnly the cave regions o
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Table 3.-(continued)TroglobitesTrog
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y the waters of the Amistad Reservo
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Although a few caves in the Norther
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an elevation of about 900 meters. T
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the gryllid cricket Paracophus suba
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has been Jiscussed by Segerstrom (1
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only apparent troglophile is the ps
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The cave fauna of this region is ri
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igneous rock immediately east of th
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Rio Soto la Marina and terminates a
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caves studied are many large stream
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unusual species is Neogovea mexasca
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pallidus Rowland, the nesticid spid
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troglobites: the trichoniscid isopo
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Cambridge, and Pholcophora bispinos
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of the genus Lutzomyia has not been
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The principal cavernous fonnation i
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ocks of Paleocene to Pliocene age.
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Beach and Supra-tidal Zone, the I\o
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The aquatic fauna of Mexico and Cen
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oaxacae Hobbs from the Valle Nacion
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described, the genus occurs in cave
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large genus with numerous epigean s
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milliped, laniatorid harvestmen, an
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Table 4.-Summary of cave inhabiting
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Discussion.-This large, troglobitic
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any way a part of the true cave fau
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they have been washed in with soil
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part of the aquatic fauna. A very l
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The genus Helicodiscus is a signifi
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associated with true cave waters. P
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Family DaphnidaeWilson (1936) repor
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tul), Cueva de San Isidro, Cueva de
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30 m below entrance of Cueva de la
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underflow of rivers, alluvial grave
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the similarities between the distri
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Yucatan but did not identify the sp
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Protrichoniscus: Reddell, 1967a:24.
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It indudes five spccies, of which t
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Type-locality.-Pozzo, Etla, Oaxaca,
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Records.-Campeche: Volc
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164; Pearse, 1945:167, 168, fig. 13
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Family AtyidaeThe family Atyidae is
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Creaseria morleyi (Creaser)Blind sh
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the pond which is fed by the cave s
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philes. Pseudothelphusa (Pseudothel
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Typhlochactas elliotti MitchellTyph
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Distribution.-Known only from the t
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(Dumitresco and Orghidan, 1977); th
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Leucohya magnifica MuchmoreUndescri
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Discussion.-This is the largest spe
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Type-Iocality.-S6tano de Huitzmolot
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Bartolo is a name applied to two ne
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Rowland, 1975b:19, 20; Dumitresco,
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Type-Iocality.-Actlin Kaua, Yucatan
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Distribution.-Known only from caves
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een collected. It is frequently fou
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Distribution.-Known from two caves
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actually a natural cave artificiall
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Discussion.-This large species has
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and T. patellaris Bryant from caves
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estricted to the Mexican Plateau (s
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maya Chamberlin and Ivie from Campe
Page 156 and 157: Metagonia chiquita GertschMetagonia
Page 158 and 159: Metagonia capilla: Mitchell and Kaw
Page 160 and 161: the cave and in general association
Page 162 and 163: DiscWlSion.-This is a delicate, eye
Page 164 and 165: Type-Iocality.-Cueva de Los Sabinos
Page 166 and 167: family. Clarence and Marie Goodnigh
Page 168 and 169: n. 2, San Luis Potosi; and K. rugos
Page 170 and 171: Type-locality.-Cueva de Apoala, San
Page 172 and 173: Records.-Chiapas: Sumidero de Canad
Page 174 and 175: Family HeterozerconidaeSpecimens of
Page 176 and 177: only one species. All known epigean
Page 178 and 179: nation must await study, but it is
Page 180 and 181: Mexico and Guatemala, and several u
Page 182 and 183: Type-locality.-Gruta de Atoyac, Ver
Page 184 and 185: Records.-San Luis PotOSI: Sotano de
Page 186 and 187: Records.-Veracruz: Grutas de Atoyac
Page 188 and 189: the genus Synoptura and removed the
Page 190 and 191: known from caves all contain troglo
Page 192 and 193: las Perlas, Cueva Chica de la Perra
Page 194 and 195: Discussion.-This species is distinc
Page 196 and 197: Speodesmus pecki ShearPolydesmidae,
Page 198 and 199: appears to be most closely related
Page 200 and 201: this is almost certainly M. russell
Page 202 and 203: Table 21.-Summary of cave inhabitin
Page 204 and 205: Type-Iocality.-Cueva Bonita del Pre
Page 208 and 209: Order DipluraFamily CampodeidaeAlth
Page 210 and 211: of small soil inhabiting japygoids
Page 212 and 213: (Linnaeus) has been collected from
Page 214 and 215: Cave. Paracophus caecus appears to
Page 216 and 217: the most poorly known species in th
Page 218 and 219: Family EpipsocidaeThe family Epipso
Page 220 and 221: citata Van Tyne in Cenote de Piste,
Page 222 and 223: een found in caves and mines in Yuc
Page 224 and 225: ground dwelling habit, many beetles
Page 226 and 227: Type-Iocality.-Sotano de Tejamanil,
Page 228 and 229: Vigna Taglianti, 1972:118, 121-127,
Page 230 and 231: Veracruz) belongs in another subgen
Page 232 and 233: Troglobacanius sbordonii VomeroTrog
Page 234 and 235: Ptomaphagus (Adelops) is a group of
Page 236 and 237: (A.) speLaeus, from Grutas de Cacah
Page 238 and 239: epresented by many species. Tenebri
Page 240 and 241: Myodopsylla gentilis Jordan and Rot
Page 242 and 243: genus Pholeomyia have been collecte
Page 244 and 245: Wheeler (1938) has reported the pre
Page 246 and 247: 263.264, 265, 267, 270, 273, fig. 5
Page 248 and 249: Anophthyctys jordani: Stefanelli, 1
Page 250 and 251: Prietella phreatophila Carranza, 19
Page 252 and 253: TyphlilJs: Pearse, 1938a:13, 15; Hu
Page 254 and 255: Family BufonidaeFour species of toa
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Oaxaca; and E. yucatanensis Lynch f
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sity of bats in the tropics. In add
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Three species of short-tailed bats
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abundant in the entrance area of Cu
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Andrews, E. W., IV. 1970. Balankanc
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Bolivar y Pieltain, C. 1940. Explor
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Brignoli, P. M. 1979a. The morpholo
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Conde, B. 1975. Description du prem
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Ediger, G. 1970. The Birthday Passa
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Gonzalez Ochoa, A. 1963b. Relacione
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Hobbs, H. H.,Jr., and T. C. Barr, J
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Jordan, c. B. 1937. Bringing in the
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McKenzie, D. 1965a. Caves of the Si
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Monod, T. 1975. Sur la distribution
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Peck, S. B., and J. J. Lewis. 1977.
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Reddell, J. R., and W. R. Elliott.
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Sanborn, C. C. 1936. Records and me
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Stone, B. 1979. The 1979 San Agusti
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Villa R., B. 1956. Una extrana y se
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Wimsatt, W. A. 1969. Transient beha
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+*Cueva de los Chivos, 5 km E Altam
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Sumidero Yochib, Yochib, 8 km NE Te
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Serrania del Burro RegionCave, Haci
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+Cueva de Tezoapa, 1.5 km E Acahuiz
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*Gruta Sur de San Bartolo, 9 km S S
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*Cueva del Puente de Fierro, 1.5 km
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Cueva de los Riscos, 2 km S Rancho
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Cueva de El Coy-see Cueva del Nacun
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+*Cueva del Aire, 1.8 km at S85°W
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*Sistema Purificacion, Conrado Cast
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*Cueva del Nacimiento del Rio Frio,
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Sotano de Humo, 5 km NW San Andres,
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and Bohor, 1975:25-27, 26m; Reddell
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*Actun Xpukil, 3 km S Calcehtok, Mp
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Appendix 2LIST OF TROGLOBITES BY ST
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Paravachonium superbum-I'seudoscorp
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SUPPLEMENTWhile this manuscript was
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Cambala speobia (Chamberlin) (p. 19
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mida (Arachnida) in the New World.
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