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Family DaphnidaeWilson (1936) reported seven species of cladoceransof the genera Ceriodaphnia, Daphnia, Moina, andSimocephalus from cenotes in Yucatan. One of these,C. cornuta Sars, has recently been collected in CenoteBolchen, Campeche. Ceriodaphnia lacustris Birge wasreported from Cueva de Los Sabinos, San Luis Potosi(Osorio Tafall, 194.3).Subclass MalacostracaOrder IsopodaThe order Isopoda is the most abundant group tobe found in the waters of <strong>Mexican</strong> caves and is amongthe more important inhabiting the terrestrial environment.It is also one of the few groups in which thetroglobites outnumber the troglophiles. To date, atotal of 48 species of isopod has been identified fromthe caves of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize (see Table11). The 32 troglobites are distributed through allfive suborders represented; three of these suborders(Flabellifera, Anthuridea, and Microcerberidea) areknown from Mexico only by troglobites.Table ll.-Summary of cave inhabiting Isopoda.TroglobitesOther SpeciesFlabelliferaCirolanidae 10 0AsellotaAsellidae 5 1Stenasellidae 6 0AnthurideaAnthuridae 2 0Microcerberid eaMicrocerberidae 2 0OniscoideaArmadillidae 0 9Oniscidae 0 1Philosciidae 2 0Porcellionidae 0 3Sphaeroniscidae 1 0Squamiferidae 3 1Trichoniscidae 9 1Total 40 16Suborder FlabelliferaFamily CirolanidaeThe family Cirolanidae is primarily marine, butcavernicolous species are now known from the Mediterraneanregion, East Africa, the greater Caribbeanregion, and Texas and Virginia (U.S.A.). In Mexico itranges from near the United States border into theYucatan Peninsula.Conilera stygia PackardEyeless asellid crustacean: Packard, 1894:732.Conilera stygia Packard, 1900:300-301; Packard,1901:228; Richardson, 1905:116, 120; Banta,1907:78; Chappuis, 1927:72; Van Name, 1936:31, 426-427; Jeannel, 1943:255-256; Bolivar,1950:211, 217, fig. 11; Rioja, 1953a:294; Rioja,1953d:147, 168; Rioja, 1957:447; l\icholas,1962:170; Rioja, 1962:40: Bowman, 1964:233,234, 236, fig. 61; Vandel, 1964:150; Vandel,1965a:120; Cole and Minckley, 1966:17, 21;Reddell, 1967a:24; Straskraba, 1969:22; Reddell,1971b:20; Bowman, 1975: 1."Conilera" stygia: Cole and Minckley, 1972:321.Conilera: Chappuis, 1927: 142.Conilera (part): Bowman, 1975:5,6, fig. 4b.Conylera stygia: Rioja, 1953a:286 (erroneous spelling).Comilera stygia: Rioja, 1953a:293 (erroneous spelling).Type-Iocality.-Well at Monterey (=Monterrey),Nuevo Leon, Mexico.Distribution.-Known only from the type-locality.See Fig. 6.Discussion.-This species was too poorly describedto be accurately identified. The genus Conilera is exclusivelymarine; when rediscovered, this species willprobably prove to belong in the genus Speocirolana.Creaseriella anops (Creaser)Cirolanid isopods: Pearse, 1933:110.Cirolana anops Creaser, 1936:117-120, 131, fig. 1-12;Pearse, 1936d:24; Van Name, 1936:523: Creaser,1938:159-160, 164; Van Name, 1940:134, fig. 26;Jeannel, 1943:255; Osorio Tafall, 1943:55; Pearse,1945:165; Anonymous, 1947:128; Bolivar, 1950:211, 217, 218, fig. 11; Cardenas Figueroa, 1950:156; Villalobos, 1951:215; Bonet, 1953b:241;Rioja, 1953a:286, 293, 294; Rioja, 1953d:147;Delamare Deboutteville, 1960:648.Cirolana: Creaser, 1938:159; Pearse, 1938a:13, 15;Pearse, 1945:111, 166; Cardenas Figueroa, 1950:157.Cirolana (part): Rioja et al., 1961:315.Cirolana ampos: Carreno, 1959:24 (erroneous spelling).Creaseriella anops: Rioja, 1953d:162, 164-166, 168,fig. 36-58; Nicholas, 1962:170; Rioja, 1962:40;Bowman, 1964:236, fig. 61; Vandel, 1964:151;Vandel, 1965a:121; Cole and Minckley, 1970:76;Reddell, 1971b:21; Reddell, 1977b:229, 239,240,251,253,255,258,260,262,263,264,266,84
267, 268, 273, 274, 277, 278, 283, 291; Ruffoand Vigna Taglianti, 1977: 167.Craeseriella: Straskraba, 1969:22; Juberthie, 1974:81(erroneous spelling).Craeseriella anops: Rioja, 1962:40 (erroneous spelling).Creaseriella: Rioja, 1953d:147, 161; Rioja, 1957:447; Bowman, 1964:234; Straskraba, 1969:4,28;Cole and Minckley, 1970:77-78; Cole and Minckley,1972:321; Bowman, 1975:5,6,7, fig. 4c.Cresseriella anops: Rioja, 1971:509 (erroneous spelling).Type-Iocality.-San Bulha <strong>Cave</strong> (=Cenote de Sambula)at Motul, Yucatan, Mexico.Distribution.-Known from many caves in QuintanaRoo and Yucatan and a well in Campeche. SeeFig. 6.Records.-Campeche: Well (Campeche); QuintanaRoo: Cenote de San Martin and Cenote de Tos Virlol;Yucatan: Cenote de las Abejas, Cueva Amil, CenoteCalchuhuim, Cueva Chac Mol, Cenote de la Culebra,ActUn Chac, ActUn Gongora, Cenote de HoctUn,ActUn Kaua, Cenote de Kankirixche, ActUn Okobichen,Cenote del Pochote, Cenote de Sambula (Mo-\ .. '\."-., .,\)\'.,MEXICOGUATEMALAr\,.. r·..-'/.//Fig. 6.-Distribution of troglobitic isopods of the family Cirolanidae: 1, Sphaerolana affinis, Sphaerolana interstitialis, andSpeocirolana thermydronis; 2, Conilera stygia; 3, Sphaerolana affinis; 4, Speocirolana n. sp. 1; 5, Speocirolana n. sp. 2; 6,Speocirolana pelaezi; 7, Speocirolana pelaezi and Speocirolana bolivari; 8, Mexllana saluposi; 9, Creaseriella anops.85
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A REVIEW OF THECAVERNICOLE FAUNA OF
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. 1-----,, ,", ,\'"I/I~" )/Fig. I.-
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collected a troglobitic cirolanid i
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C. Bolivar and J. Carranza investig
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springs in the vicinity of Cautro C
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Cueva del Diablo near Orizaba, Vera
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Those species of troglobite which h
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Table 2.-(continued)1970. Eodrilus
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CAVE REGIONSOnly the cave regions o
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Table 3.-(continued)TroglobitesTrog
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y the waters of the Amistad Reservo
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Although a few caves in the Norther
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an elevation of about 900 meters. T
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the gryllid cricket Paracophus suba
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has been Jiscussed by Segerstrom (1
Page 39 and 40: only apparent troglophile is the ps
Page 41 and 42: The cave fauna of this region is ri
Page 43 and 44: igneous rock immediately east of th
Page 45 and 46: Rio Soto la Marina and terminates a
Page 47 and 48: caves studied are many large stream
Page 49 and 50: unusual species is Neogovea mexasca
Page 52 and 53: pallidus Rowland, the nesticid spid
Page 54 and 55: troglobites: the trichoniscid isopo
Page 56 and 57: Cambridge, and Pholcophora bispinos
Page 58 and 59: of the genus Lutzomyia has not been
Page 60 and 61: The principal cavernous fonnation i
Page 62 and 63: ocks of Paleocene to Pliocene age.
Page 64 and 65: Beach and Supra-tidal Zone, the I\o
Page 66 and 67: The aquatic fauna of Mexico and Cen
Page 68 and 69: oaxacae Hobbs from the Valle Nacion
Page 70 and 71: described, the genus occurs in cave
Page 72 and 73: large genus with numerous epigean s
Page 74 and 75: milliped, laniatorid harvestmen, an
Page 76 and 77: Table 4.-Summary of cave inhabiting
Page 78 and 79: Discussion.-This large, troglobitic
Page 80 and 81: any way a part of the true cave fau
Page 82 and 83: they have been washed in with soil
Page 84 and 85: part of the aquatic fauna. A very l
Page 86 and 87: The genus Helicodiscus is a signifi
Page 88 and 89: associated with true cave waters. P
Page 92 and 93: tul), Cueva de San Isidro, Cueva de
Page 94 and 95: 30 m below entrance of Cueva de la
Page 96 and 97: underflow of rivers, alluvial grave
Page 98 and 99: the similarities between the distri
Page 100 and 101: Yucatan but did not identify the sp
Page 102 and 103: Protrichoniscus: Reddell, 1967a:24.
Page 104 and 105: It indudes five spccies, of which t
Page 106 and 107: Type-locality.-Pozzo, Etla, Oaxaca,
Page 108 and 109: Records.-Campeche: Volc
Page 110 and 111: 164; Pearse, 1945:167, 168, fig. 13
Page 112 and 113: Family AtyidaeThe family Atyidae is
Page 115 and 116: Creaseria morleyi (Creaser)Blind sh
Page 117 and 118: the pond which is fed by the cave s
Page 119 and 120: philes. Pseudothelphusa (Pseudothel
Page 121 and 122: Typhlochactas elliotti MitchellTyph
Page 123 and 124: Distribution.-Known only from the t
Page 125 and 126: (Dumitresco and Orghidan, 1977); th
Page 127 and 128: Leucohya magnifica MuchmoreUndescri
Page 129 and 130: Discussion.-This is the largest spe
Page 131 and 132: Type-Iocality.-S6tano de Huitzmolot
Page 133 and 134: Bartolo is a name applied to two ne
Page 135 and 136: Rowland, 1975b:19, 20; Dumitresco,
Page 137 and 138: Type-Iocality.-Actlin Kaua, Yucatan
Page 139 and 140: Distribution.-Known only from caves
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een collected. It is frequently fou
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Distribution.-Known from two caves
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actually a natural cave artificiall
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Discussion.-This large species has
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and T. patellaris Bryant from caves
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estricted to the Mexican Plateau (s
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maya Chamberlin and Ivie from Campe
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Metagonia chiquita GertschMetagonia
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Metagonia capilla: Mitchell and Kaw
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the cave and in general association
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DiscWlSion.-This is a delicate, eye
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Type-Iocality.-Cueva de Los Sabinos
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family. Clarence and Marie Goodnigh
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n. 2, San Luis Potosi; and K. rugos
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Type-locality.-Cueva de Apoala, San
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Records.-Chiapas: Sumidero de Canad
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Family HeterozerconidaeSpecimens of
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only one species. All known epigean
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nation must await study, but it is
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Mexico and Guatemala, and several u
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Type-locality.-Gruta de Atoyac, Ver
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Records.-San Luis PotOSI: Sotano de
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Records.-Veracruz: Grutas de Atoyac
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the genus Synoptura and removed the
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known from caves all contain troglo
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las Perlas, Cueva Chica de la Perra
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Discussion.-This species is distinc
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Speodesmus pecki ShearPolydesmidae,
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appears to be most closely related
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this is almost certainly M. russell
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Table 21.-Summary of cave inhabitin
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Type-Iocality.-Cueva Bonita del Pre
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Type-Iocality.-Cueva de El Jobo, El
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Order DipluraFamily CampodeidaeAlth
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of small soil inhabiting japygoids
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(Linnaeus) has been collected from
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Cave. Paracophus caecus appears to
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the most poorly known species in th
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Family EpipsocidaeThe family Epipso
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citata Van Tyne in Cenote de Piste,
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een found in caves and mines in Yuc
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ground dwelling habit, many beetles
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Type-Iocality.-Sotano de Tejamanil,
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Vigna Taglianti, 1972:118, 121-127,
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Veracruz) belongs in another subgen
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Troglobacanius sbordonii VomeroTrog
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Ptomaphagus (Adelops) is a group of
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(A.) speLaeus, from Grutas de Cacah
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epresented by many species. Tenebri
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Myodopsylla gentilis Jordan and Rot
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genus Pholeomyia have been collecte
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Wheeler (1938) has reported the pre
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263.264, 265, 267, 270, 273, fig. 5
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Anophthyctys jordani: Stefanelli, 1
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Prietella phreatophila Carranza, 19
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TyphlilJs: Pearse, 1938a:13, 15; Hu
Page 254 and 255:
Family BufonidaeFour species of toa
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Oaxaca; and E. yucatanensis Lynch f
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sity of bats in the tropics. In add
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Three species of short-tailed bats
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abundant in the entrance area of Cu
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Andrews, E. W., IV. 1970. Balankanc
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Bolivar y Pieltain, C. 1940. Explor
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Brignoli, P. M. 1979a. The morpholo
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Conde, B. 1975. Description du prem
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Ediger, G. 1970. The Birthday Passa
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Gonzalez Ochoa, A. 1963b. Relacione
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Hobbs, H. H.,Jr., and T. C. Barr, J
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Jordan, c. B. 1937. Bringing in the
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McKenzie, D. 1965a. Caves of the Si
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Monod, T. 1975. Sur la distribution
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Peck, S. B., and J. J. Lewis. 1977.
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Reddell, J. R., and W. R. Elliott.
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Sanborn, C. C. 1936. Records and me
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Stone, B. 1979. The 1979 San Agusti
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Villa R., B. 1956. Una extrana y se
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Wimsatt, W. A. 1969. Transient beha
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+*Cueva de los Chivos, 5 km E Altam
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Sumidero Yochib, Yochib, 8 km NE Te
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Serrania del Burro RegionCave, Haci
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+Cueva de Tezoapa, 1.5 km E Acahuiz
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*Gruta Sur de San Bartolo, 9 km S S
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*Cueva del Puente de Fierro, 1.5 km
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Cueva de los Riscos, 2 km S Rancho
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Cueva de El Coy-see Cueva del Nacun
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+*Cueva del Aire, 1.8 km at S85°W
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*Sistema Purificacion, Conrado Cast
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*Cueva del Nacimiento del Rio Frio,
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Sotano de Humo, 5 km NW San Andres,
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and Bohor, 1975:25-27, 26m; Reddell
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*Actun Xpukil, 3 km S Calcehtok, Mp
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Appendix 2LIST OF TROGLOBITES BY ST
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Paravachonium superbum-I'seudoscorp
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SUPPLEMENTWhile this manuscript was
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Cambala speobia (Chamberlin) (p. 19
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mida (Arachnida) in the New World.
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