Ethical issues in engineering design - 3TU.Centre for Ethics and ...
Ethical issues in engineering design - 3TU.Centre for Ethics and ...
Ethical issues in engineering design - 3TU.Centre for Ethics and ...
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<strong>Ethical</strong> <strong>issues</strong> <strong>in</strong> eng<strong>in</strong>eer<strong>in</strong>g <strong>design</strong><br />
Bridge Assumption: <strong>design</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />
by legislation <strong>and</strong> codes<br />
leads to safe bridges.<br />
166<br />
Choice between<br />
European code <strong>and</strong> NEN<br />
code.<br />
A choice between types<br />
of codes <strong>for</strong> certa<strong>in</strong><br />
specific parts of the<br />
bridge.<br />
What should the health<br />
<strong>and</strong> safety plan look like,<br />
should the eng<strong>in</strong>eers<br />
change the <strong>design</strong> to<br />
prevent risks dur<strong>in</strong>g<br />
construction?<br />
What misuse should be<br />
prevented <strong>and</strong> how?<br />
Operationalisation<br />
I of requirements<br />
Operationalisation<br />
I of requirements<br />
Operationalisation<br />
I of structural<br />
requirements<br />
Operationalisation<br />
II of requirement<br />
to make a health<br />
<strong>and</strong> safety plan<br />
Operationalisation<br />
II of safety<br />
Regulative framework<br />
available no signs of not<br />
be<strong>in</strong>g accepted, some<br />
ambiguities, not<br />
pragmatically complete.<br />
Temporarily ambiguity <strong>in</strong><br />
regulative framework.<br />
Inconsistency <strong>in</strong> the<br />
regulative framework.<br />
Work with complete health<br />
<strong>and</strong> safety regulative<br />
framework dur<strong>in</strong>g<br />
construction or not.<br />
Regulative framework does<br />
not <strong>in</strong>clude rules about<br />
prevention of misuse of<br />
bridges, there<strong>for</strong>e<br />
<strong>in</strong>complete.<br />
The regulative frameworks used <strong>in</strong> the case-studies do not meet Grunwald’s<br />
requirements but they can provide ways of deal<strong>in</strong>g with problems of ambiguity,<br />
<strong>in</strong>consistency <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>completeness. It might there<strong>for</strong>e be possible to make<br />
regulative frameworks more pragmatically complete, locally consistent <strong>and</strong><br />
unambiguous by <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g a few new elements.<br />
Some problems of ambiguity <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>consistency can be dealt with with<strong>in</strong> the<br />
regulative frameworks. Regulative frameworks are hierarchical; not all elements<br />
carry the same weight. Legislation is at a higher level than codes <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ards.<br />
Sometimes the framework provides ways of solv<strong>in</strong>g conflicts between elements,<br />
by mak<strong>in</strong>g it possible to use an element at a higher level to solve the conflict. The<br />
regulative framework can be <strong>for</strong>mulated <strong>in</strong> a way that leaves eng<strong>in</strong>eers with the<br />
freedom to not follow detailed prescriptive rules <strong>in</strong> exceptional cases. This<br />
possibility is available <strong>in</strong> most exist<strong>in</strong>g regulative frameworks because the<br />
detailed prescriptive elements like codes are not legally en<strong>for</strong>ced. When<br />
<strong>design</strong><strong>in</strong>g, eng<strong>in</strong>eers together with the customer <strong>and</strong> certify<strong>in</strong>g organisations<br />
can decide not to use codes <strong>in</strong>stead they can choose to use an alternative way to
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