multipurpose tree species research for small farms: strategies ... - part

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Tb'reisa lack of well documented evidence on the ntritional quality of shrub legumes, both in relation to animal acceptability and nutritional quality. For example, although Calliandra is not usually considered suitable for animal production, recent discussions with Barry Norton (University. of Queensland) revealed that animals were readily eating Calliandra, with a consequent weight gain. There isclearly a major need to study both the animal/plant interactions and the nutritional chemistry. It is also important to look a, management systems, and ways of gettiig shrub legumes into farming systems. There isa need for seed production o! promising lines such as Codariocalyx, for -urt!o.r trials and distribution. There isalso a need to follow up the preliminary plant nutrition work to achieve some of the original objectives of the project, such as better definition of selection criteria for selecting plants for acid soils. References Bray R.A., B.Palmer and T. Ibrahim. 1988. Some nutritional constraints for the rowth of shrub legumes on acid infertile soils in the tropics. In Multipuipose Trees for Small-Scale Farn Use, eds. D. Withington, K.G. MacDicken, C.B. Sastry and N. Adams. Arlington, Virgirnia: Winrock International and IDRC. Gunawan B., R.A. Bray, B.Palmer, T. Ibrahim, Hardjowalujano and T. Abas. 1987. Multipurpose shrub legumes for inferile soils in the tropics. Poster Paper at BNF Symposium, Cisarua: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. 195
Table 1. Soil properties from the experimental sites. Exchangeable Cations (meq/100 g) SITE Depth pH Ca Mg K % Al Sat Sei Putih 0-10 cm 5.3 !.76 0.50 0.41 8 30-40 cm 5.1 0.72 0.17 0.12 51 Sembawa 0-10 cm 4.9 0.42 0.32 0.11 85 30-40 cm 5.0 0.12 0.04 0.03 97 Utchee Creek 0-10 cm 5.3 1.44 0.60 0.23 11 20-30 cm 5.1 0.53 0.19 0.09 14 Silkwood 0-10 cm 5.3 0.34 0.23 0.15 77 20-30 cm 5.0 0.03 0.05 0.03 91 Table 2. Rates and type of fertilizer applied to field exptcrinnents. Fertilizer Product kg element/ha Lime t/ha P Diammonium phos hate i 33 Monoammonium p osphate- 33 Ca (nutr) Gypsum 40 Ca (lime) Calcium hydroxide Sembawa 2.0 Silkwood 2.0 Sei Putih 0.4 Utchee Creek 0.4 Trace Elements (TE) Cu 3.0 Zn 3.0 Mo 0.2 B 1.5 Mg 20.0 Basal treatment K;S lndonesia "Australia 3 split dressing Fertilizer treatment codes referred to under Nutritional Trials were: No fertilizer applied (Fl) P + Ca (nutr) F3 P + C.- (nutr) + TE F4) P -i Ca (nutr) + Ca (lime) (F5) P + Ca (nutr) + Ca (lime) + TE (F6) 196 -0/18; 16/8 3
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Proceedings of an International Con
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MULTIPURPOSE TREE SPECIES RESEARCH
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Session 3: Determining Extension, I
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Preface While a great deal of inter
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Participants of the conference, lad
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The establishment and continued gro
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Session 1: Determining End Uses, De
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preliminary studies. Cross-cultural
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farm and village forestry practices
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group. A village in Thailand or Nep
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fit within the structure of each of
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There is a growing literature on vi
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A. heterophyla isplanted in homegar
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Data Analysis The results of an exe
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Table 1. Dependency test between ho
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Survey and Participant Observation
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used the participant observation me
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needs to stay in the village for an
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A Descriptive Research Method to Es
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Important external data sources for
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Although a discussion of statistica
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demanded by consumers and the payme
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Table 2. Components and goals of th
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through a form of informal collusiv
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Information about the current envir
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importance to Sri Lankan society as
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Table 1. Major aspects considered i
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Table 2. Common perennial species.
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able to purchase basic inputs. Duri
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Session 2: Evaluating the Supply of
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The status of fuelwood utilization
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consume 184,990m 3 of fuclwood per
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References Boonyavechewin, S. and B
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loan, the decision is based on the
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subsidizes poor farmers. The govern
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Table 1. Components and expected ou
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traditional and simple with few exc
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levels. Education curricula should
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Session 3: Determining Extension, I
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or from scientific analysis of such
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Similarly, in another country, tria
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aiming at commercial markets. The t
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Multipurpose Tree Species in Agrofo
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Table 2. Number of fruit trees plan
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Research should be designed to impr
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The majority of farmers can not aff
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and worked with them in both projec
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Timber is needed by most of the far
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home. In Maharashtra State, several
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Methodologies are reviewed for anal
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Development (NERAD) Project is an a
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small-scale charcoal manufacturing.
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Table 1. Hypothetical logit test re
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hectare of cultivated land requires
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The farmers' choice of species lead
Page 111 and 112:
References Abell, T.M.B. 1981. Fucl
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Session 4: Orienting Research Effor
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Research mus. concentrate on these
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esearch scientists. Many crop and f
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Improving the Effectiveness of Mult
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western half of Timor. It is the po
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crops will result in less land bein
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compete with the tree crop in the f
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Small Farm Multipurpose Tree Specie
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The usual solution is to pilot test
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The CENRO offices which are scatter
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problem and begin work on a solutti
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and industrial levels, as well as s
Page 137 and 138: agicultural crops. Many of these ga
Page 139 and 140: woodlot and grow cassava using a cr
Page 141 and 142: local interest in the wo.-k on MPTS
Page 143 and 144: Tree improvemqnt efforts by forest
Page 145 and 146: the mother trees for their homegard
Page 147 and 148: Table 2. General steps required to
Page 149 and 150: Applying Fanning Systems Research C
Page 151 and 152: Planning Diagnosis is only useful i
Page 153 and 154: approach that is already known abou
Page 155 and 156: Research Plans and Metotls Based on
Page 157 and 158: leaves make good fertilizer, althou
Page 159 and 160: Ref.rences Amir, P., R.C. Hawkins a
Page 161 and 162: The growing importance of small-sca
Page 163 and 164: taking into account possible effect
Page 165 and 166: Poster Session Presentations / /
Page 167 and 168: planned bulletiii. are provided, bu
Page 169 and 170: L. leucocephala is the most well kn
Page 171 and 172: Table 4. Probability significance (
Page 173 and 174: Recently, systematic research on im
Page 175 and 176: Table 2. Annual Paulownia exports,
Page 177 and 178: Forest policy formulated in India u
Page 179 and 180: vigorously, reaching the pre-thinne
Page 181 and 182: Table 1. List of species for degrad
Page 183 and 184: Table 3. Productivity potential of
Page 185 and 186: candidate must withstand certain ed
Page 187: arising from the fact that at the f
Page 191 and 192: Table 5. Analysis of variance of Si
Page 193 and 194: Capsule Method of Cultivation in Se
Page 195 and 196: Table 2. Comparison of average stem
Page 197 and 198: Table 1. Area and species planted i
Page 199 and 200: Table 4. P.falcataria related enter
Page 201 and 202: The Marketing System The marketing
Page 203 and 204: The field trip, organized by the Fo
Page 205 and 206: 213 213 em
Page 207 and 208: Participants Marian delos Angeles S
Page 209: Syed Zahir Sadeque AST/CIDA House 6
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