Chapter 8: Midshipmen and Cadets are Young People and Future Leaders – Recommend<strong>at</strong>ions 16-18th<strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> ADF and ADFA develop o<strong>the</strong>r means by which <strong>the</strong> intent <strong>of</strong> this Recommend<strong>at</strong>ion can beachieved.The Services initially dismissed <strong>the</strong> prospect <strong>of</strong> undertaking steps to explore different recruitmentoptions which recognise <strong>the</strong> different life courses <strong>of</strong> men and <strong>women</strong> however after consult<strong>at</strong>ion with<strong>the</strong> Audit, <strong>the</strong> RIT is exploring fur<strong>the</strong>r options.ADFA has undertaken substantial work in examining existing mentoring programs and developingoptions for a new mentoring program. However a new mentoring program has not yet beenimplemented and no timetable for implement<strong>at</strong>ion has been provided. The Audit suggests th<strong>at</strong> fur<strong>the</strong>rwork is required in this area to meet <strong>the</strong> intent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Recommend<strong>at</strong>ion.The Audit congr<strong>at</strong>ul<strong>at</strong>es ADFA on its comprehensive and holistic approach to addressing excessiveconsumption <strong>of</strong> alcohol. The pricing regime has been reviewed and prices have increased. ADFAhas also significantly increased <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> alcohol testing. A coordin<strong>at</strong>or has been appointed andinform<strong>at</strong>ive, targeted present<strong>at</strong>ions have been delivered on this topic for both staff and undergradu<strong>at</strong>es.The Audit suggests th<strong>at</strong> ADFA continue to examine and monitor <strong>the</strong> link between excessiveconsumption <strong>of</strong> alcohol and unacceptable behaviours and fur<strong>the</strong>r develop its excellent work in thiscritical area.1 <strong>Australian</strong> Human Rights Commission, Report on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Review</strong> <strong>into</strong> <strong>the</strong> Tre<strong>at</strong>ment <strong>of</strong> Women <strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> <strong>Force</strong>Academy (2011), p 90. At http://www.humanrights.gov.au/defencereview/index.html (viewed 26 February 2013).2 <strong>Australian</strong> Human Rights Commission, Report on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Review</strong> <strong>into</strong> <strong>the</strong> Tre<strong>at</strong>ment <strong>of</strong> Women <strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> <strong>Force</strong>Academy (2011), p 89-90. At http://www.humanrights.gov.au/defencereview/index.html (viewed 26 February 2013).3 <strong>Australian</strong> Human Rights Commission, Report on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Review</strong> <strong>into</strong> <strong>the</strong> Tre<strong>at</strong>ment <strong>of</strong> Women <strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> <strong>Force</strong>Academy (2011), p 91. At http://www.humanrights.gov.au/defencereview/index.html (viewed 26 February 2013).4 <strong>Australian</strong> Bureau <strong>of</strong> St<strong>at</strong>istics, ‘Risk Taking by Young People’, <strong>Australian</strong> Social Trends, c<strong>at</strong> no 4120.0 (2008), www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Chapter5002008 (viewed 26 August 2011); J Norris, ‘The Rel<strong>at</strong>ionship BetweenAlcohol Consumption and Sexual Victimiz<strong>at</strong>ion’ (2008) VAWnet: The N<strong>at</strong>ional Online Resource Center on Violence AgainstWomen, pp 1-13. At www.vawnet.org/Assoc_Files_VAWnet/AR_AlcVictimiz<strong>at</strong>ion.pdf (viewed 26 August 2011); A Morganand A McAtamney, ‘Key Issues in alcohol-rel<strong>at</strong>ed violence’ (2009) 4 Research in Practice 1, pp 1-8. At <strong>Australian</strong> HumanRights Commission, Report on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Review</strong> <strong>into</strong> <strong>the</strong> Tre<strong>at</strong>ment <strong>of</strong> Women <strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> <strong>Force</strong> Academy (2011),p 92. At http://www.humanrights.gov.au/defencereview/index.html (viewed 26 February 2013). In addition, this research wasimportant given <strong>the</strong> empirical findings, namely th<strong>at</strong> inexpensive prices <strong>of</strong> alcohol drinks coupled with undergradu<strong>at</strong>es’ highdisposable income was cited by numerous consult<strong>at</strong>ion participants as a contributor to excessive alcohol use. The need toaddress this culture is <strong>of</strong> primary importance as it occurs <strong>at</strong> a form<strong>at</strong>ive period for undergradu<strong>at</strong>es, <strong>at</strong> a time when drinkingbehaviours can become established.5 RIT, ‘ADFA Mentoring Brief’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012.6 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.7 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.8 To assist each Service with costing, a templ<strong>at</strong>e was developed which included each <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se core requirements. This templ<strong>at</strong>ewas <strong>the</strong>n sent to <strong>the</strong> relevant represent<strong>at</strong>ives from each Service to be completed. Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College,<strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement Feasibility Study’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit byS Longbottom, 17 December 2012.9 Office <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Vice Chief <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> <strong>Force</strong>, ‘Minute, Action Eman<strong>at</strong>ing from <strong>Review</strong> <strong>into</strong> Tre<strong>at</strong>ment <strong>of</strong> Women <strong>at</strong> ADFA(‘Broderick <strong>Review</strong>’ Phase One) – Recommend<strong>at</strong>ion 16’, VCDF/OUT/2012/77, 18 March 2012, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit byDr N Miller, 28 September 2012.10 While <strong>the</strong> Recommend<strong>at</strong>ion did not mand<strong>at</strong>e th<strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> academic program be shortened to c<strong>at</strong>er for <strong>the</strong> single Service program,<strong>the</strong> Services decided th<strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> overall length th<strong>at</strong> undergradu<strong>at</strong>es spend <strong>at</strong> ADFA was not to be increased. See Dr P Helson,‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement Feasibility Study’,provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.11 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.12 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.13 Dr S Mugford, ‘A suggestion around altern<strong>at</strong>ive entry because <strong>of</strong> life course differences’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Mugford,13 February 2013.76
14 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012. While <strong>the</strong> document itself may have been completed inNovember 2012, <strong>the</strong> length is misleading as this includes <strong>the</strong> time after <strong>the</strong> recommend<strong>at</strong>ions were submitted to <strong>the</strong> relevantChiefs and decisions had been made. For example, <strong>the</strong> Audit has been provided with <strong>the</strong> decision from <strong>the</strong> Chief <strong>of</strong> Navy whichis d<strong>at</strong>ed 17 August 2012.15 For example, throughout <strong>the</strong> feasibility study <strong>the</strong> costs associ<strong>at</strong>ed with a new contract for a compressed UNSW degree areoverplayed. When addressing <strong>the</strong> cost <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> compressed degree, <strong>the</strong> relevant cost is <strong>the</strong> amount th<strong>at</strong> is in addition to <strong>the</strong>current contractual cost however <strong>the</strong> cost is <strong>of</strong>ten noted as being <strong>the</strong> entire amount. Th<strong>at</strong> is, <strong>the</strong> current cost plus <strong>the</strong> additionalcost. The effect <strong>of</strong> this is th<strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> compressed degree is made to appear substantially more expensive than <strong>the</strong> reality. SeeDr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.16 Despite <strong>the</strong> placement options not being implemented, having consulted with staff and undergradu<strong>at</strong>es who live and work<strong>at</strong> ADFA <strong>the</strong>re is a widespread belief th<strong>at</strong> undergradu<strong>at</strong>es would benefit gre<strong>at</strong>ly from a program similar to NOYO. This beliefextends to any o<strong>the</strong>r factors which might increase <strong>the</strong>ir age or m<strong>at</strong>urity, as commented by an academic staff member, ‘Now youcan’t make a gap year compulsory, but I wish we could, because it would do a lot <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m <strong>the</strong> world <strong>of</strong> good.’ Focus group S1,Staff male and female, 17 October 2012.17 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.18 These include: improved methods <strong>of</strong> instruction in conjunction with an adolescent learning str<strong>at</strong>egy, improved equity anddiversity training, improved guidance and training on <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> social media and acceptable use <strong>of</strong> alcohol, and development<strong>of</strong> a sexual ethics program.19 These include: continued emphasis on <strong>the</strong> deliber<strong>at</strong>e selection and positing prioritis<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>of</strong> Army instructors to ADFA,reintroduction <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Guidance Officer Scheme, improved student to instructor r<strong>at</strong>ios, and a pilot program to allow somestudents to conduct <strong>the</strong> first year <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir degree <strong>at</strong> a civilian university.20 Department <strong>of</strong> <strong>Defence</strong>, ‘COSC Agendum Paper 76 <strong>of</strong> 2012 – Upd<strong>at</strong>e on <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College’s Actions Eman<strong>at</strong>ing from‘P<strong>at</strong>hway to Change’: Evolving <strong>Defence</strong> Culture’, 10 December 2012, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 26 February 2013.21 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.22 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.23 Dr P Helson, ‘<strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> College, <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Team, Single Service Training and Work Placement FeasibilityStudy’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Longbottom, 17 December 2012.24 Dr S Mugford, ‘A suggestion around altern<strong>at</strong>ive entry because <strong>of</strong> life course differences’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr S Mugford,13 February 2013.25 ADFA and <strong>the</strong> ADF should continue to develop options which involve flexibility and take <strong>into</strong> consider<strong>at</strong>ion life differentials. Forexample, <strong>the</strong> ADF currently has a program ‘<strong>Defence</strong> University Sponsorship’ in which university students who have completeda specified portion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir engineering or health degree are eligible to be sponsored by <strong>the</strong> ADF for <strong>the</strong> remainder <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> degree.Following completion, <strong>the</strong> sponsored individual undergoes initial <strong>of</strong>ficer training with service oblig<strong>at</strong>ions for <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> yearsth<strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> member was sponsored plus an additional year, with a minimum <strong>of</strong> three years. This type <strong>of</strong> program addresses lifecourse differentials and <strong>the</strong> Audit encourages ADFA to continue to develop options along <strong>the</strong>se lines. Department <strong>of</strong> <strong>Defence</strong>,<strong>Defence</strong> University Sponsorship, http://www.defencejobs.gov.au/educ<strong>at</strong>ion/universitysponsorship/ (viewed 14 March 2013);email from P O’Neill to S Mugford, 20 February 2012, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by S Mugford, 20 February 2013.26 RIT, ‘ADFA Mentoring Brief’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012.27 RIT, ‘ADFA Mentoring Brief’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012.28 RIT, ‘ADFA Mentoring Brief’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012.29 Some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> core objectives outlined in <strong>the</strong> mentoring brief include providing an opportunity for female undergradu<strong>at</strong>es to seeand talk to <strong>women</strong> who have reached senior leadership positions, gain answers to relevant questions and learn str<strong>at</strong>egies andtactics th<strong>at</strong> work for <strong>women</strong>, gain confidence and resilience, gain insights <strong>into</strong> common <strong>the</strong>mes, motiv<strong>at</strong>e female cadets towork through challenges th<strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong>y will face, and to build rel<strong>at</strong>ionships and develop useful networks. The program is focused onshowing female undergradu<strong>at</strong>es how <strong>women</strong> in male domin<strong>at</strong>ed industries can achieve senior leadership positions. See RIT,‘ADFA Mentoring Brief’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012.30 RIT, ‘ADFA Mentoring Brief’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012.31 RIT, ‘Broderick Ph1 <strong>Review</strong> Implement<strong>at</strong>ion Progress Spreadsheet’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012.32 In respect <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> current st<strong>at</strong>us <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> mentoring programs, during discussions with Dr N Miller <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> RIT it was noted th<strong>at</strong>scheduling difficulties have delayed implement<strong>at</strong>ion.33 RIT, ‘ADFA Mentoring Brief’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012; RIT, ‘Broderick Audit Summary Final280912’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012; RIT, ‘Communic<strong>at</strong>ion Plan: Communic<strong>at</strong>ing Cultural Change’Annex K, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller 12 November 2012. The documents also comment th<strong>at</strong> this was agreed byCommissioner Broderick.34 <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> <strong>Force</strong> Academy, ‘Task 100 and task 80 Amended ADFA Cadet and Women intake st<strong>at</strong>s (2001-2011) verifiedwith annual reports’, provided to <strong>the</strong> <strong>Review</strong> as part <strong>of</strong> Phase One <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Report.35 RIT, ‘ADFA Mentoring Brief’, provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit by Dr N Miller, 28 September 2012. Similarly, <strong>the</strong> ADFA Str<strong>at</strong>egicCommunic<strong>at</strong>ion Plan st<strong>at</strong>es th<strong>at</strong> ‘ADFA is also exploring a range <strong>of</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r options for expanding mentoring opportunities forAudit Report: <strong>Review</strong> <strong>into</strong> <strong>the</strong> Tre<strong>at</strong>ment <strong>of</strong> Women <strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> <strong>Force</strong> Academy • 2013 • 77
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Review into the Treatmentof Women a
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ContentsA Message from the Commissi
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A Message from the CommissionerADFA
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Chapter 1:Audit ApproachThe Report
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Chapter 1: Audit ApproachThe Audit
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Chapter 2: Summary of Audit Finding
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Further InformationAustralian Human