Chapter 10: Minimising Risk, Managing Incidents and Ensuring <strong>the</strong> Safety <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Workplace – Recommend<strong>at</strong>ions 22-31In summary, <strong>the</strong> findings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Audit indic<strong>at</strong>e th<strong>at</strong>:• Progress on designing and implementing a sexual ethics and healthy rel<strong>at</strong>ionships trainingpackage has been slow and an integr<strong>at</strong>ed, expert program was not in place in 2012.• The program taught in 2012 did not meet <strong>the</strong> intent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Recommend<strong>at</strong>ion.• The design <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 2013 sexual ethics program looks promising, but as <strong>at</strong> March 2013 <strong>the</strong>Audit has not been provided with any course m<strong>at</strong>erials to assess.• ADFA plans to deliver <strong>the</strong> sexual ethics program internally, without <strong>the</strong> assistance <strong>of</strong> anexternal expert facilit<strong>at</strong>or.• ADFA has reformed its complaints reporting response and management training, andfocussed different modules <strong>at</strong> different parts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> undergradu<strong>at</strong>e popul<strong>at</strong>ion.• Complaints training remains part <strong>of</strong> ‘equity and diversity’ training, and a separ<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>seareas could provide numerous benefits (see Recommend<strong>at</strong>ion 7).• The number <strong>of</strong> complaints made in 2012 and 2013 has increased, but <strong>the</strong>re is still a stigma<strong>at</strong>tached to using <strong>the</strong> equity adviser system.• Ongoing training and evalu<strong>at</strong>ion on making complaints is needed to ensure th<strong>at</strong> complaintsprocesses are effective.The Audit’s findings in respect <strong>of</strong> each recommend<strong>at</strong>ion follow.Recommend<strong>at</strong>ion 22: ADFA, in collabor<strong>at</strong>ion with an expert educ<strong>at</strong>or,provide cadets with interactive educ<strong>at</strong>ion on:a) respectful and healthy rel<strong>at</strong>ionships, and sexual ethicsb) <strong>the</strong> meaning, inappropri<strong>at</strong>eness and impact <strong>of</strong> sexist languageand sexual harassmentc) <strong>the</strong> meaning <strong>of</strong> consentd) <strong>the</strong> appropri<strong>at</strong>e use <strong>of</strong> technologye) stalking, controlling and thre<strong>at</strong>ening behavioursand evalu<strong>at</strong>e <strong>the</strong> effectiveness <strong>of</strong> this educ<strong>at</strong>ion every two yearswith an external evalu<strong>at</strong>or and assess it against key indic<strong>at</strong>ors th<strong>at</strong>measure <strong>at</strong>titudinal and behaviour change.Intent <strong>of</strong> Recommend<strong>at</strong>ionIssues surrounding gender rel<strong>at</strong>ions, sexual ethics, consent, sexist language and behaviour, andcontrolling and thre<strong>at</strong>ening behaviour are not well understood in parts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> undergradu<strong>at</strong>e popul<strong>at</strong>ion.Interactive, expert training would be an effective primary prevention tool against unacceptable behaviourand sexual misconduct, and aid in <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> a more m<strong>at</strong>ure understanding <strong>of</strong> sexual ethics.92
Implement<strong>at</strong>ion actionsIn 2011 and 2012, ADFA and <strong>the</strong> RIT examined options for <strong>the</strong> design, development, delivery, evalu<strong>at</strong>ionand refining <strong>of</strong> a sexual ethics program. They concluded th<strong>at</strong> ADFA did not have <strong>the</strong> in-house expertiseto deliver this program, and identified Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Moira Carmody, an interdisciplinary scholar <strong>of</strong> educ<strong>at</strong>ionin <strong>the</strong> areas <strong>of</strong> gender, sexuality and sexual ethics, as <strong>the</strong> most appropri<strong>at</strong>e person to undertake thistask. 1The development process started promisingly. The RIT identified th<strong>at</strong>:‘[t]he introduction <strong>of</strong> a Sexual Ethics Program is a high priority. It is a critical element in <strong>the</strong> ADF’sresponse to <strong>the</strong> <strong>Review</strong>, and one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> key elements by which <strong>the</strong> ADF will be held publiclyaccountable by <strong>the</strong> Minister <strong>of</strong> <strong>Defence</strong>.’ 2ADFA and <strong>the</strong> RIT also consulted widely, corresponding with (or studying <strong>the</strong> work <strong>of</strong>) Pr<strong>of</strong>essorCarmody, Canberra Rape Crisis Centre, Sexual Health and Family Planning ACT, Sexual Assault andPrevention Response (US Department <strong>of</strong> Defense) training, AHRC bystander approaches, N<strong>at</strong>ionalAssoci<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>of</strong> Services Against Sexual Violence, <strong>Defence</strong> LGBTI inform<strong>at</strong>ion service organis<strong>at</strong>ion andvarious ADFA and <strong>Defence</strong> educ<strong>at</strong>ors. 3However, after several months <strong>of</strong> negoti<strong>at</strong>ion and development, outstanding cost and intellectualproperty issues remained, and <strong>the</strong> prospective partnership between ADFA and Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Carmody wasabandoned on 24 April 2012. 4ADFA concurrently contracted Dr P<strong>at</strong>ricia Weerakoon, former director <strong>of</strong> Sexual Health <strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> University<strong>of</strong> Sydney, to deliver a two-hour ‘sexual ethics’ lecture to first years in 2012. Dr Weerakoon’s sessionformed part <strong>of</strong> an interim program developed by ADFA entitled Healthy Rel<strong>at</strong>ionships and Sexual Ethics.The 2012 interim package included <strong>the</strong> following modules:• Sexual ethics (first years, two-hours)• Human behaviour (motiv<strong>at</strong>ion and coping, first years, 50 minutes)• Confident communic<strong>at</strong>ion (communic<strong>at</strong>ion, negoti<strong>at</strong>ion etc, first years, 100 minutes)• Unhealthy <strong>at</strong>tractions (identifying problem behaviours, all years, 50 minutes)• Barriers to care (third years, 50 minutes)• B<strong>at</strong>tlesmart (performing under stress, first years, 100 minutes)• Keep your m<strong>at</strong>es safe (alcohol risk minimis<strong>at</strong>ion, first years, 150 minutes). 5In October 2012 ADFA staff met with Sexual Health and Family Planning ACT (SHFPACT) staff with aview to developing a sexual ethics program for 2013. SHFPACT provided inform<strong>at</strong>ion on <strong>the</strong>ir five daycourse, which ADFA has been modifying <strong>into</strong> a shorter program. 6 An outline <strong>of</strong> prospective courses andmodules was provided to <strong>the</strong> Audit in December 2012, and is reproduced below:• Explain sex and <strong>the</strong> law»»Explain <strong>the</strong> biology <strong>of</strong> sex»»Explain <strong>the</strong> legal context <strong>of</strong> sex (consent, sexual <strong>of</strong>fences, sexual harassment)»»Explain sex & law regarding technology (sexting, capture and transmission <strong>of</strong> sexualimages, cybersex)• Demonstr<strong>at</strong>e respect in personal and pr<strong>of</strong>essional rel<strong>at</strong>ionships»»Define self-respect, peer respect, organis<strong>at</strong>ional respect and respect withininterpersonal rel<strong>at</strong>ionship (sexual and non-sexual)»»Demonstr<strong>at</strong>e interpersonal communic<strong>at</strong>ions (negoti<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>of</strong> sexual consent,understand meaning and impact <strong>of</strong> sexist language and sexual harassment)Audit Report: <strong>Review</strong> <strong>into</strong> <strong>the</strong> Tre<strong>at</strong>ment <strong>of</strong> Women <strong>at</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Australian</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> <strong>Force</strong> Academy • 2013 • 93
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Review into the Treatmentof Women a
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ContentsA Message from the Commissi
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A Message from the CommissionerADFA
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Chapter 1:Audit ApproachThe Report
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Chapter 1: Audit ApproachThe Audit
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Chapter 2: Summary of Audit Finding
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Chapter 2: Summary of Audit Finding
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Chapter 3: MethodologyQuantitative
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Chapter 4:Implementationof ReviewRe
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Organisational PressuresDefence is
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[My awareness is] pretty limited I
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