2011 report to congress - U.S.-China Economic and Security Review ...

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dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with $$_JOB232180. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of David A. Deptula, January27, 2011.181. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of Roger Cliff, January27, 2011; U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of David A. Deptula,January 27, 2011; and U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission,Hearing on China’s Active Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony ofMartin C. Libicki, January 27, 2011.182. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of Roger Cliff, January27, 2011.183. Roger Cliff (nonresident senior fellow at the Project 2049 Institute), e-mailcorrespondence with Commission staff, August 8, 2011.184. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of Roger Cliff, January27, 2011; and U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing onChina’s Active Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of David A.Deptula, January 27, 2011.185. Peng Guangqian and Yao Youzhi, eds., The Science of Military Strategy (Beijing,China: Military Science Publishing House, 2005), p. 461.186. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of Roger Cliff, January27, 2011.187. Zhang Yuliang, ed., Zhanyi Xue [The Science of Campaigns] (Beijing, China:Guofang Daxue Chubanshe, 2006), p. 96. USCC staff translation.188. Office of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military andSecurity Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2010 (Washington,DC: U.S. Department of Defense, 2010), pp. 22–23; U.S.-China Economic and SecurityReview Commission, Hearing on China’s Active Defense and its Regional Impact,written testimony of Oriana Skylar Mastro, January 27, 2011; U.S.-China Economicand Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’s Active Defense and itsRegional Impact, written testimony of Cortez A. Cooper, January 27, 2011; U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2009 Annual Report to Congress(Washington, DC: U.S Government Printing Office, November 2009), pp. 130–34;and Michael J. McDevitt, ‘‘The PLA Navy Anti-Access Role in a Taiwan Contingency’’(paper presented at the 2010 Pacific Symposium, June 16, 2010, p. 16).189. Michael J. McDevitt, ‘‘The Strategic and Operational Context Driving PLANavy Building,’’ in Right-Sizing the People’s Liberation Army: Exploring the Contoursof China’s Military, eds. Roy Kamphausen and Andrew Scobell (Carlisle, PA:U.S. Army War College, 2007), pp. 485–486; US–China Economic and Security ReviewCommission, Hearing on China’s Active Defense Strategy and Its Regional Impact,written testimony of Cortez A. Cooper, January 27, 2011; and Dean Cheng,‘‘Sea Power and the Chinese State: China’s Maritime Ambitions,’’ HeritageBackgrounder 2576 (July 11, 2011). http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/07/sea-power-and-the-chinese-state-chinas-maritime-ambitions;190. Peng Guangqian and Yao Youzhi, eds., The Science of Military Strategy (Beijing,China: Military Science Publishing House, 2005), p. 461.191. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of Oriana Skylar Mastro,January 27, 2011; U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearingon China’s Active Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of Cortez A.Cooper, January 27, 2011; and U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission,Hearing on China’s Active Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimonyof David A. Deptula, January 27, 2011. See also U.S.-China Economic and SecurityReview Commission, 2009 Annual Report to Congress (Washington, DC: U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, November 2009), p. 144.192. Officials of the Singaporean government, meeting with Commissioners,Singapore, December 13, 2010.193. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2009 Annual Reportto Congress (Washington, DC: U.S Government Printing Office, November 2009), p.147; and U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2010 Annual AnnualReport to Congress (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November2010), p. 91.194. Information Office of the State Council, China’s National Defense in 2010(Beijing, China: March 2011); and Information Office of the State Council, China’sNational Defense in 2008 (Beijing. China: January 2009).VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:46 Nov 10, 2011 Jkt 067464 PO 00000 Frm 00244 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6621 G:\GSDD\USCC\2011\067464.XXX 067464
dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with $$_JOB233195. Office of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military andSecurity Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2011 (Washington,DC: U.S. Department of Defense, 2011), p. 32.196. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of Stacy A. Pedrozo, January27, 2011.197. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of David A. Deptula, January27, 2011.198. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2009 Annual Reportto Congress (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November 2009), p.136.199. Ronald O’Rourke, China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. NavyCapabilities—Background and Issues for Congress (Washington, DC: CongressionalResearch Service, June 8, 2011), pp. 16–22.200. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2010 Annual Reportto Congress (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November 2010),pp. 85–87. The Department of Defense’s recent report on China’s military powersimilarly lists between 1,000 and 1,200 short-range ballistic missiles. Office of theSecretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security DevelopmentsInvolving the People’s Republic of China 2011 (Washington, DC: U.S. Departmentof Defense, 2011), p. 78.201. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of David A. Deptula, January27, 2011.202. Office of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military andSecurity Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2011 (Washington,DC: U.S. Department of Defense, 2011), p. 3.203. Jan Van Tol et al., AirSea Battle: A Point of Departure Operational Concept(Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, 2010), p. 18.204. Office of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military andSecurity Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2011 (Washington,DC: U.S. Department of Defense, 2011), p. 78.205. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2009 Annual Reportto Congress (Washington, DC: U.S Government Printing Office, November 2009), p.138.206. Ronald O’Rourke, China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. NavyCapabilities—Background and Issues for Congress (Washington, DC: CongressionalResearch Service, June 8, 2011), p. 42.207. Andrew S. Erickson, Lyle J. Goldstein, and William S. Murray, ‘‘ChineseMine Warfare: A PLA Navy ‘Assassin’s Mace’ Capability,’’ China Maritime Studies3 (Newport, RI: U.S. Naval War College, June 2009): 25.208. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2010 Annual Reportto Congress (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November 2010),pp. 73–91.209. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2010 Annual Reportto Congress (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November 2010), p.80.210. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sActive Defense and its Regional Impact, written testimony of David A. Deptula, January27, 2011.211. Office of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military andSecurity Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2011 (Washington,DC: U.S. Department of Defense, 2011), p. 28.212. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, 2010 Annual Reportto Congress (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November 2010),pp. 82–83.213. Information Office of the State Council, China’s National Defense in 2010(Beijing, China: March 2011).214. Jan Van Tol et al., AirSea Battle: A Point of Departure Operational Concept(Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, 2010), pp. 19and 21.215. David D. Chen, ‘‘2011 PLA Military Training: Toward Greater Interoperability,’’China Brief 11:2 (January 21, 2011): 10–11.216. Bryan Krekel, with George Bakos and Christopher Barnett, Capability of thePeople’s Republic of China to Conduct Cyber Warfare and Computer Network Exploitation(McLean, VA: Northrup Grumman Corporation, October 9, 2009). http://www.uscc.gov/researchpapers/2009/NorthropGrumman l PRC l Cyber l PaperVerDate Nov 24 2008 13:46 Nov 10, 2011 Jkt 067464 PO 00000 Frm 00245 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6621 G:\GSDD\USCC\2011\067464.XXX 067464
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12011REPORT TO CONGRESSof theU.S.-C
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U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY RE
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dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with $$_J
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CONTENTSPageTRANSMITTAL LETTER TO T
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23Figure 1:China’s Share of the U
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25The weakness in U.S. exports of a
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31Table 3:RMB Bond Issuances by Mul
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35of bilateral negotiations under t
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37Stonewalling the WTO: A Case Stud
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39that China’s existing system of
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41now. Because the structures of th
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43How Big Is China’s State Sector
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45Fortune Global 500, compared to j
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47panies are less profitable, after
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49erate primarily within state-cont
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57Figure 1: Chinese FDI Stock in th
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63U.S. firms with sensitive technol
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65Addendum I: SASAC Companies, Larg
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67Addendum I: SASAC Companies, Larg
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69dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with $$
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71January 2010, the heads of 19 U.S
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77cause Beijing had sought to exclu
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81China in Search of Western Techno
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83scious policy seeking to drive Ch
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89Like previous plans, the 12th Fiv
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95Consultative Conference National
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99panies account[ed] for fully 7 pe
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101Dr. Shih has testified before th
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103ment subsidies, which in turn wi
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105Addendum II: Figures 1-2Figure 1
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113drivers cited increased fuel pri
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123uating from college and hoping t
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131unfairly or unjustifiably harm U
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161gress, the DoD noted that China
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165eral U.S. military policies, inc
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167Figure 1:Territorial Disputes in
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171provides guidelines for dealing
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173network exploitations to facilit
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Page 189 and 190: 181ligence, surveillance, and recon
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Page 195 and 196: 187Therefore, the PLA maintains the
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Page 207 and 208: 199trates the depth of China’s sp
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Page 229 and 230: RECOMMENDATIONSChina’s ‘‘Area
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Page 247 and 248: 239320. Chang Xianqi, Military Astr
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287of Request to the United States
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289fense, since its current fleet o
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323mation Office. Day-to-day superv
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327Although the slogans change over
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335What Constitutes a ‘‘Core In
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339Selected CAIFC/CPD Track Two Exc
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341disseminated through diplomatic
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375ecutive Schedule under section 5
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APPENDIX IIIPUBLIC HEARINGS OF THE
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APPENDIX IIIALIST OF WITNESSES TEST
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393Alphabetical Listing of Panelist
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397In TaiwanU.S. Government• Amer
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APPENDIX VLIST OF RESEARCH MATERIAL
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401The National Security Implicatio
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APPENDIX VIACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIO
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