2011 report to congress - U.S.-China Economic and Security Review ...

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dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with $$_JOB308131. Carla Freeman and Drew Thompson, China on the Edge: China’s BorderProvinces and Chinese Security Policy (Washington, DC: The Center for the NationalInterest and The Johns Hopkins School for Advanced International Studies, April2011), p. 79. http://www.cftni.org/China_on_the_Edge_April_2011.pdf.132. British Consulate General Chongqing, China’s Southwest Frontier: UnderstandingChina’s Bridgehead Strategy (Chongqing, China: June 2011).133. Carla Freeman and Drew Thompson, China on the Edge: China’s BorderProvinces and Chinese Security Policy (Washington, DC: The Center for the NationalInterest and The Johns Hopkins School for Advanced International Studies, April2011), p. 42. http://www.cftni.org/China_on_the_Edge_April_2011.pdf.134. Express Tribune (Pakistan), ‘‘Pakistan committed to uprooting terror:Zadari,’’ August 30, 2011. http://tribune.com.pk/story/243150/pakistan-committed-touprooting-terror-zardari;China Daily, ‘‘Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,’’September 29, 2011. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/regional/xinjiang.html; andXinhua, ‘‘Role of Xinjiang Production, Construction Corps important: white paper,’’May 26, 2003. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2003–05/26/content_887338.htm.135. U.S. China and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’s Active DefenseStrategy and its Regional Impact, written testimony of Stacy A. Pedrozo, January27, 2011.136. Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm,Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), pp. 24–31. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.137. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, testimony of Erica Downs, April 13, 2011;Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm,Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Policy Paper 26,September 2010), p. 25. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.138. Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm,Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), p. 26. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.139. Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm,Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), p. 25. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.140. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, testimony of Erica Downs, April 13, 2011;Cheng Li, China’s Midterm Jockeying: Gearing Up for 2012 (Part 4: Top Leaders ofMajor State-Owned Enterprises) (Stanford, CA: China Leadership Monitor 43 (February2011)): 1–3. http://www.brookings.edu/∼/media/Files/rc/papers/2011/02_china_leadership_li/02_china_leadership_li.pdf.141. Leslie Hook, ‘‘Sinopec chief tipped for political post,’’ Financial Times,March 22, 2011. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/29e13b50–5465–11e0–979a-00144feab49a.html.142. Leslie Hook, ‘‘Sinopec chief tipped for political post,’’ Financial Times,March 22, 2011. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/29e13b50–5465–11e0–979a-00144feab49a.html; Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China(Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), p. 26. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.143. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, testimony of Erica Downs, April 13, 2011.144. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, written testimony of Yu-Wen Julie Chen,April 13, 2011.145. Bao Chang, ‘‘SASAC [State-owned Assets Supervision and AdministrationCommission] urges greater safety for workers,’’ China Daily, February 26, 2011.http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2011–02/26/content_12082212.htm; LindaJakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm, Sweden:Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Policy Paper 26, September2010), p. 25. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.146. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, written testimony of Erica Downs, April 13,2011.147. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, written testimony of Erica Downs, April 13,2011.148. Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm,Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), pp. 26–29. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:46 Nov 10, 2011 Jkt 067464 PO 00000 Frm 00320 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6621 G:\GSDD\USCC\2011\067464.XXX 067464
dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with $$_JOB309149. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, testimony of Erica Downs, April 13, 2011;Erica Downs, ‘‘Business Interest Groups in Chinese Politics: The Case of the OilCompanies,’’ in Cheng Li, China’s Changing Political Landscape: Prospects for Democracy(Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2008). http://www.brookings.edu//media/Files/rc/papers/2010/07_china_oil_companies_downs/07_china_oil_companies_downs.pdf.150. Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm,Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), pp. 29–30. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.151. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, testimony of Erica Downs, April 13, 2011.152. Erica Downs, ‘‘Inside China Inc: China Development Bank’s Cross-BorderEnergy Deals’’ (Washington, DC: The John L. Thornton China Center at The BrookingsInstitution, March 2011), p. 6. http://www.brookings.edu/∼/media/Files/rc/papers/2011/0321_china_energy_downs/0321_china_energy_downs.pdf.153. Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm,Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), p. 28. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.154. Erica Downs, ‘‘Inside China Inc: China Development Bank’s Cross-BorderEnergy Deals’’ (Washington, DC: The John L. Thornton China Center at The BrookingsInstitution, March 2011), p. 58. http://www.brookings.edu/∼/media/Files/rc/papers/2011/0321_china_energy_downs/0321_china_energy_downs.pdf.155. Erica Downs, ‘‘Inside China Inc: China Development Bank’s Cross-BorderEnergy Deals’’ (Washington, DC: The John L. Thornton China Center at The BrookingsInstitution, March 2011), pp. 79–86. http://www.brookings.edu/∼/media/Files/rc/papers/2011/0321_china_energy_downs/0321_china_energy_downs.pdf.156. Erica Downs, ‘‘Inside China Inc: China Development Bank’s Cross-BorderEnergy Deals’’ (Washington, DC: The John L. Thornton China Center at The BrookingsInstitution, March 2011), pp. 80–82. http://www.brookings.edu/∼/media/Files/rc/papers/2011/0321_china_energy_downs/0321_china_energy_downs.pdf.157. Thomas Bondiguel and Thierry Kellner, ‘‘The Impact of China’s Foreign PolicyThink Tanks,’’ Brussels Institute of Contemporary China Studies (BICCS)Asia Paper 5:5 (2010): 14. http://www.vub.ac.be/biccs/site/assets/files/apapers/Asia%20papers/20100405%20-%20 Bondiguel%20Kellner.pdf.158. Thomas Bondiguel and Thierry Kellner, ‘‘The Impact of China’s Foreign PolicyThink Tanks,’’ Brussels Institute of Contemporary China Studies (BICCS) AsiaPaper 5:5 (2010):19–24. http://www.vub.ac.be/biccs/site/assets/files/apapers/Asia%20papers/20100405%20-%20Bondiguel%20Kellner.pdf; Thomas G. Moore and DixiaYang, ‘‘Empowered and Restrained: Chinese Foreign Policy in the Age of EconomicInterdependence,’’ in David M. Lampton, The Making of Chinese Foreign and SecurityPolicy in the Age of Reform (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001), pp.207–208; and Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China(Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), pp. 35–40. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.159. Thomas G. Moore and Dixia Yang, ‘‘Empowered and Restrained: ChineseForeign Policy in the Age of Economic Interdependence,’’ in David M. Lampton, TheMaking of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy in the Age of Reform (Stanford, CA:Stanford University Press, 2001), pp. 207–208.160. Liu Xiao, ‘‘China Can Make Arrangements for the Future by Sending Troopsto Afghanistan,’’ Huanqiu Shibao (Global Times), December 8, 2009. OSC ID:CPP20091217710003. http://www.opensource.gov; Li Daguang, ‘‘Sending Troops toAfghanistan Will Cause Trouble for China,’’ Huanqiu Shibao (Global Times), December8, 2009. OSC ID: CPP20091217710004. http://www.opensource.gov.161. Thomas Bondiguel and Thierry Kellner, ‘‘The Impact of China’s Foreign PolicyThink Tanks,’’ Brussels Institute of Contemporary China Studies (BICCS)Asia Paper 5:5 (2010): 14. http://www.vub.ac.be/biccs/site/assets/files/apapers/Asia%20papers/20100405%20-%20Bondiguel%20Kellner.pdf.162. Linda Jakobson and Dean Knox, New Foreign Policy Actors in China (Stockholm,Sweden: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), PolicyPaper 26, September 2010), p. 38. http://books.sipri.org/files/PP/SIPRIPP26.pdf.163. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Hearing on China’sForeign Policy: Challenges and Players, testimony of Susan Lawrence, April 13,2011.164. Xinhua, ‘‘China Internet users exceed 500 million,’’ September 29, 2011.http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2011–09/29/content_13821641.htm.VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:46 Nov 10, 2011 Jkt 067464 PO 00000 Frm 00321 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6621 G:\GSDD\USCC\2011\067464.XXX 067464
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12011REPORT TO CONGRESSof theU.S.-C
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U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY RE
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dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with $$_J
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CONTENTSPageTRANSMITTAL LETTER TO T
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23Figure 1:China’s Share of the U
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25The weakness in U.S. exports of a
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31Table 3:RMB Bond Issuances by Mul
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35of bilateral negotiations under t
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37Stonewalling the WTO: A Case Stud
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39that China’s existing system of
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41now. Because the structures of th
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43How Big Is China’s State Sector
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45Fortune Global 500, compared to j
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47panies are less profitable, after
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49erate primarily within state-cont
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57Figure 1: Chinese FDI Stock in th
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63U.S. firms with sensitive technol
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65Addendum I: SASAC Companies, Larg
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67Addendum I: SASAC Companies, Larg
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69dkrause on DSKHT7XVN1PROD with $$
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71January 2010, the heads of 19 U.S
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77cause Beijing had sought to exclu
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81China in Search of Western Techno
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83scious policy seeking to drive Ch
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89Like previous plans, the 12th Fiv
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95Consultative Conference National
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99panies account[ed] for fully 7 pe
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101Dr. Shih has testified before th
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103ment subsidies, which in turn wi
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105Addendum II: Figures 1-2Figure 1
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113drivers cited increased fuel pri
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123uating from college and hoping t
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131unfairly or unjustifiably harm U
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161gress, the DoD noted that China
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165eral U.S. military policies, inc
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167Figure 1:Territorial Disputes in
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171provides guidelines for dealing
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173network exploitations to facilit
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181ligence, surveillance, and recon
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187Therefore, the PLA maintains the
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189Of import, the PLA’s geographi
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197ther moves toward independence,
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199trates the depth of China’s sp
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201Figure 2:Representation of Beido
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205ganization, modeled on the Europ
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207China’s leadership also places
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211[General Armaments Department] p
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213Table 2: Select Chinese Satellit
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215weapons or coorbital satellite w
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217Malicious Cyber ActivitiesDirect
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RECOMMENDATIONSChina’s ‘‘Area
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239320. Chang Xianqi, Military Astr
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243woman Jiang Yu simply expressed
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245Table 1:Timeline of Sino-North K
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249China also provides economic sup
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251economic and social strains woul
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255Iran’s South Pars Gas Field af
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Page 289 and 290: 281trade, and dispute settlement. 2
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375ecutive Schedule under section 5
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APPENDIX IIIPUBLIC HEARINGS OF THE
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APPENDIX IIIALIST OF WITNESSES TEST
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393Alphabetical Listing of Panelist
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397In TaiwanU.S. Government• Amer
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APPENDIX VLIST OF RESEARCH MATERIAL
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401The National Security Implicatio
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APPENDIX VIACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIO
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