nx.os.and.cisco.nexus.switching.2nd.edition.1587143046

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Figure 9-1. Cisco Nexus 1000V Series Architecture • Port-channels • Quality of service (QoS) • Security, including Private VLAN (PVLAN), access control lists, and port security • Monitoring, including NetFlow, Switch Port Analyzer (SPAN), and Encapsulated Remote SPAN (ERSPAN) • vPath support for traffic steering and service chaining • Access control list (ACL) Note For more details on VMWare DRA and HA, visit the following links: http://www.vmware.com/products/drs/ http://www.vmware.com/products/vmotion/ Figure 9-2 shows the Nexus 1000V topology used throughout the chapter.
Figure 9-2. Nexus 1000V Topology The Cisco Nexus 1000V Series VSM controls multiple VEMs as one logical modular switch. The VSM supports multiple VEMs running in software inside of the physical servers. Configuration is performed through the VSM and is automatically propagated to the VEMs. Instead of configuring soft switches inside the hypervisor on a host-by-host basis, administrators can define configurations for immediate use on all VEMs being managed by the VSM from a single interface. There are two distinct VLAN interfaces used for communication between the VSM and VEM: the Control VLAN and the Packet VLAN. These two VLANs need L2 Adjacency between the VSM and VEM. The Control VLAN is used for • Extended management communication between the VEM and VSM similar to control communication of chassis-based solutions Nexus 7000, Catalyst 6500 • Carrying low-level messages to ensure proper configuration of the VEM
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NX-OS and Cisco Nexus Switching Nex
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For sales outside of the U.S. pleas
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About the Authors Ron Fuller, CCIE
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Dedications Ron Fuller: This book i
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We need to find another heavy conce
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Contents at a Glance Foreword Intro
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Interface Allocation: N7K-M108X2-12
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OSPF OSPFv2 Configuration OSPF Summ
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Cisco TrustSec Configuring AAA for
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Chapter 8 Unified Fabric Unified Fa
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OTV Control Plane Multicast-Enabled
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Icons Used in This Book
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Foreword With more than 30,000 cust
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Chapters 1 through 14 cover the fol
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• Security: Cisco NX-OS provides
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Fibre Channel, Ethernet, and FCoE i
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• Nexus 2224: FEX, 24 100/1000Bas
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Nexus 3000 Learned Routes), EIGRP-S
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• NX-OS supports VDCs, which enab
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Click here to view code image Congo
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NX-OS has many different types of m
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module to which it is attached, ena
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Example 1-6. Enabling a Telnet Serv
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user:admin this user account has no
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SNMP Figure 1-4. Results of the Sel
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___________________________________
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User Auth Priv ____ ____ ____ NMS s
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Managing System Files Directories c
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309 Mar 21 15:43:51 2011 dc1-fp.lic
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active/ bootflash://sup-remote/ boo
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will be applied to your current run
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N7010-1(config)# snmp-server enable
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vrf 2 1000 3 0 portchannel 0 768 1
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• Independent processes started f
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Figure 1-6. Shared Interface Concep
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Example 1-14. Creating a VDC Core o
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Figure 1-13. Nexus 7000 F2e 48-Port
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• After a port has been assigned
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Figure 1-20. N7K-M148GS-11 and L Mo
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Figure 1-22. N7K-M224XP-23L I/O Mod
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Interface Allocation on M2 Modules
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egypt(config)# vdc core egypt(confi
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Further Reading Figure 1-25. Physic
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Chapter 2. Layer 2 Support and Conf
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connectivity. One of the most appar
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1GE JAF1318AALS NX5000# show fex 10
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- down 1 full 1000 -- Eth100/1/9 -
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Eth100/1/11 Eth100/1/3 Eth100/1/2 E
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Eth100/1/2 Up Po100 Po100 Eth100/1/
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N7K-1(config)# mac address-table ag
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Congo# show vlan internal usage VLA
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the requirements of the devices con
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14 VLAN0014 active Eth2/11, Eth2/12
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• Host6(192.168.100.26): Sends tr
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Kenya(config-if)# switchport mode p
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used to provide a much simpler conf
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Congo# conf t Enter configuration c
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Eth2/11 Root FWD 4 128.267 Network
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Example 2-29 demonstrates how the d
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Example 2-31. MST Verification Clic
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Click here to view code image Egypt
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Example 2-38 shows the root ports o
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- ---------------- VLAN0001 4097 00
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001b.54c2.bbc2 4 2 12 9 Ethernet2/1
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intervention to enable ports that h
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Congo# Example 2-51 shows how to re
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After the VLAN is defined on Egypt,
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Configuring Layer 2 Interfaces Now
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!Time: Fri Oct 30 08:52:29 2009 ver
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aggregation protocol information is
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Members must have same Ethernet Lay
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---------------------- Po100 on on
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oth devices are online, and also to
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Congo(config-if)# no shutdown Congo
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link. This will enable spanning tre
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00- 103 00-103 Allowed VLANs - 40-4
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spanning tree domain to the entire
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Current operational state: advertis
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FabricPath IS-IS adjacencies are th
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Figure 2-9. FabricPath Topology As
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Figure 2-10. FabricPath Interface C
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D - Static Adjacencies attached to
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• Enable the vPC feature. • Def
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Performed vPC role : none establish
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Figure 2-12. vPC+ Interface Configu
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VLAN MAC Address Type age Secure NT
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called the Diffusing Update Algorit
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Example 3-4 shows an alphanumeric s
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Interface Peers Un/Reliable SRTT Un
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Note Mixing standard and wide metri
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Example 3-14. Summarizing Networks
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GigabitEthernet1/48 10.0.0.0/24 is
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Congo# show ip eigrp neighbor detai
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complex routing scenarios with a fi
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edistributed. Example 3-24. Definin
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D 10.10.10.0 [90/3072] via 192.168.
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total) With the output in Example 3
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Figure 3-5. Network Topology for OS
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Congo# config t Enter configuration
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Libya# show ip ospf neighbor detail
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CNTL/Z. Congo(config)# router ospf
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*via 192.168.1.1, Lo0, [0/0], 01:02
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as Type 7 LSAs. Although not common
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Number of LSAs: 6, checksum sum 0x3
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Securing OSPF Area ranges are 192.1
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Example 3-55. Verification of OSPF
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Congo(config-route-map)# match ip a
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default-metric 100 The process begi
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D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O -
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Example 3-67. This information is e
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extremely valuable when troubleshoo
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1. Enable IS-IS. 2. Configure the I
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Level-1 Designated IS: Congo Level-
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Congo(config-if)# sh isis adj IS-IS
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Figure 3-10. Network Topology for B
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feature bgp router bgp 65000.65088
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BGP version 4, remote router ID 192
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Received 4 messages, 0 notification
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Neighbor capabilities: Dynamic capa
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queue Sent 6689 messages, 1 notific
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S 172.26.2.0/23 [1/0] via 172.26.32
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o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded st
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*>r192.168.1.40/30 0.0.0.0 44 2500
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version 4.2(2a) feature hsrp Simila
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Virtual IP address is 10.10.100.1 (
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Vlan100 - Group 100 (HSRP-V1) (IPv4
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VRRP 2 state changes, last state ch
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implementation in IOS, a device wit
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You can see the addition of authent
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Figure 3-13. HSRP/VRRP Interaction
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Figure 3-15 illustrates the topolog
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Verifying GLBP Configuration A quic
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Active is local Standby is 10.10.10
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emaining) Active is local, weightin
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Chapter 4. IP Multicast Configurati
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eferred to as the RP tree or RPT. F
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In general, PIM can operate in two
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Due to this behavior, it is not nec
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N7K-1-Core1# config Enter configura
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priority: 0, RP-source: (local), gr
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Auto-RP Announce policy: None Auto-
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N7K-2-Core# config Enter configurat
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Auto-RP RPA: 10.1.0.1, uptime: 00:0
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BSR RP Candidate policy: None BSR R
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PIM Group-Range Configuration for V
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The Nexus 7000 is a Layer 3 switch
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Vlan100, Interface status: protocol
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Switch-querier disabled IGMPv3 Expl
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CMHLAB-DC2-VSM1# show ip igmp snoop
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Figure 4-9. Network Topology for MS
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238.102.1.1/32 238.101.1.1/32 238.1
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PIM configured DR priority: 1 PIM b
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Chapter 5. Security This chapter co
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share. This model provides security
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distribution, use the following com
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deadtime value:0 source interface:l
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or Offline Click here to view code
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Figure 5-3. Adding a User to the Ci
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pending pending-diff Egypt(config)#
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Example 5-16. Verifying TACACS+ CFS
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configuration required in NX-OS. Ex
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Figure 5-7. Adding Redundant NX-OS
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Note • Be sure to have an SSH Ser
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Tx 7653 output packets 6642 unicast
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Figure 5-9. Cisco TrustSec Example
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NX7k-SGA # conf t NX7k-SGA (config)
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Figure 5-12. The Required Fields to
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Click here to view code image NX7K-
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Example 5-32 shows the successful d
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• PCI 3 (decimal) / 0003 (hex)
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Figure 5-20. The ISE Compares Its S
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NX7K-SGA(config)# cts refresh role-
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Egypt# show run cts feature dot1x f
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Egypt# show runn cts !Command: show
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Example 5-42 confirms the VLAN used
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Total Length: 84 Identification: 0x
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To improve the scalability of ACL m
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0001 ip access-list TCP1 0002 permi
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Example 5-53 shows how to change th
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Port security enables you to config
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A maximum number of MAC addresses c
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Note Enable DHCP snooping globally
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Egypt# Example 5-67 shows how to ve
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Note By default, all interfaces are
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Vlan : 1 ----------- Configuration
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!Command: show running-config dhcp
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network performance. The traffic st
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Egypt(config-if)# Example 5-84 veri
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Unicast packets : 0/0/0/0/0 Unicast
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permit eigrp any any ipv6 access-li
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permit pim any ff02::d/128 permit u
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match access-group name copp-system
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class copp-system-p-class-critical
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| glean | mtu | multicast {directly
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Example 5-90. Configuring Rate Limi
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copy Config : 30000 Allowed : 26346
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User ____ Auth Priv ____ ____ Examp
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Role: vdc-operator Description: Pre
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-----------------------------------
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entity : entity_power_status_change
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entity : entity_power_status_change
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Chapter 6. High Availability This c
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edundant Configure power supply red
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• Cisco Nexus 7010 Series system
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2 QEng1Sn3(s20) 115 105 46 2 QEng1S
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not be prolonged because of the ina
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--- -------------- ------ 1 NA 1.0
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Example 6-7. Supervisor Runtime Dia
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Congo# show diagnostic description
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L/* - Exclusively run this test / N
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***N******A 00:30:00 9) SecondaryBo
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These software features combine to
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N7k-1(config)# install feature-set
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Other supervisor (sup-5) ----------
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! The impact of the software upgrad
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5 bios v3.22.0(02/20/10): v3.22.0(0
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Kernel uptime is 128 day(s), 7 hour
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1 yes non-disruptive rolling 2 yes
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ios/loader/bootrom. Warning: please
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http://www.opensource.org/licenses/
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In addition to the NX-OS operating
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features such as stateful process r
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it to the destination. SPANning tra
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Jealousy(config-if)# switchport mon
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Example 7-5. Displaying a Monitor S
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Example 7-7. Displaying a Virtual S
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Figure 7-3. Nexus 5x00 SPAN Topolog
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Click here to view code image CMHLA
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state : up source intf : rx : vfc10
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Note The Nexus 1000V does not suppo
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CMHLAB-DC2-VSM1# config t CMHLAB-DC
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Figure 7-6. Create a vmk Port Using
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Figure 7-8. Create a vmk Port Using
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CMHLAB-DC2-VSM1(config-erspan-src)#
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N7K-2(config-erspan-src)# no shut N
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Legend: l = learning enabled f = fo
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Legend: l = learning enabled f = fo
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Note The Nexus 5500 series switches
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cmhlab-dc2-tor2(config-erspan-src)#
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802.1Q Virtual LAN 000. .... .... .
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.... 10.. = Port Role: Root (2) ...
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Frame Length: 57 bytes Capture Leng
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...0 .... .... .... = CFI: 0 .... 0
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..1. .... = Forwarding: Yes ...1 ..
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Note You can add more show commands
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Data Center Jealousy(config-callhom
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neighbor If the email transport opt
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Example 7-35. System-Generated Chec
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After a review of the differences,
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Checkpoints can be given a name and
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Rollback Patch is Empty Note: Apply
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Jealousy(config-flow-record)# end J
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Layer 2 NetFlow cannot be applied i
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packets CMHLAB-DC2-VSM1(config-flow
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Page 521 and 522: 2. A DHCP request is sent and repli
Page 523 and 524: if protocol == "telnet": c = "/isan
Page 525 and 526: scLogFileName + ".*100%", \ pexpect
Page 527 and 528: print "Failed connecting to " + hos
Page 529 and 530: • Higher availability: Quite simp
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Page 533 and 534: Figure 8-4. FIP Process FIP can be
Page 535 and 536: Multhop Fibre Channel over Ethernet
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Page 539 and 540: switch as a Fabric Port (F-port) an
Page 541 and 542: -----------------------------------
Page 543 and 544: Restarting system. Single-Hop FCoE
Page 545 and 546: 1 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0
Page 547 and 548: Port Native Status Port Vlan Channe
Page 549 and 550: Click here to view code image N5K-1
Page 551 and 552: N5K-1# A similar configuration must
Page 553 and 554: N7K-1# config Enter configuration c
Page 555 and 556: Click here to view code image N7K-1
Page 557 and 558: 2000 2000 Operational N7K-1-FCoE# N
Page 559 and 560: version 5.2(2a) interface Ethernet3
Page 561 and 562: Note If all the shared ASIC ports a
Page 563 and 564: Figure 8-14. FCoE Topology Example
Page 565 and 566: could fail. By taking advantage of
Page 567: VSM in an active-standby pair; and
Page 571 and 572: The VEM differentiates between the
Page 573 and 574: Figure 9-3. VEM Loop Prevention Not
Page 575 and 576: login as: admin Nexus 1010 Using ke
Page 577 and 578: VsbEthernet1/1 control 0 up up VsbE
Page 579 and 580: vsm login: admin Password: Cisco Ne
Page 581 and 582: Click here to view code image vsm#
Page 583 and 584: Figure 9-6. Selecting the Plug-Ins
Page 585 and 586: Figure 9-9. Registering the Plug-In
Page 587 and 588: such license is available at http:/
Page 589 and 590: sync status: Complete version: VMwa
Page 591 and 592: Figure 9-14. Entering the VMWare vC
Page 593 and 594: Figure 9-16. The OVA File and VSM R
Page 595 and 596: Figure 9-18. Configuring the Networ
Page 597 and 598: Figure 9-20. VSM Configuration Attr
Page 599 and 600: Figure 9-22. VSM Installation Proce
Page 601 and 602: Figure 9-24. VSM Installation Summa
Page 603 and 604: 1000v Management Center. Note For t
Page 605 and 606: Figure 9-28. Entering the Nexus 100
Page 607 and 608: Figure 9-30. VEM Configuration Summ
Page 609 and 610: Figure 9-32. Configuring the Nexus
Page 611 and 612: Reboot Required: false VIBs Install
Page 613 and 614: vsm(config-port-prof)# no shutdown
Page 615 and 616: Figure 9-34. Adding the VEM Through
Page 617 and 618: Figure 9-36. Selecting the ESX Host
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Figure 9-38. Selecting the VM to Mi
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Figure 9-40. Verifying That the ESX
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--- -------------------------------
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vsm# Note There is a 60-day evaluat
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Figure 9-41. 1000V-Topology Example
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vsm(config)# Example 9-11 shows how
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Figure 9-43. Selecting the vmkernel
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2012 Aug 23 22:29:33 vsm %VIM-5-IF_
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• VLAN configuration • VMware m
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vsm(config-port-prof)# no shutdown
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HR-APPS Veth3 Net Adapter 1 Demo-Te
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Figure 9-46. Verifying the Port-Pro
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Click here to view code image Sampl
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(vASA) to deploy virtualized servic
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Figure 9-49. Verifying the OVF Depl
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Figure 9-51. Specifying the Data Ce
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Figure 9-53. Specifying the Specifi
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Figure 9-55. Specifying the Datasto
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Figure 9-57. Specifying the IP Addr
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Figure 9-59. Verifying the Informat
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Figure 9-63. Displaying the VNMC Vi
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Figure 9-65. Browse to the VNMC Man
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Figure 9-68. Install the Extension
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8. Add vCenter VM Manager in VNMC (
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Figure 9-75. Display vCenter ESX Ho
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workloads. Deployment of virtualize
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Figure 9-77. VSG System Component C
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ootflash:/repository Directory Clic
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Configuring the Cisco VNMC Policy-A
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Creating a Tenant in VMMC Figure 9-
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Figure 9-83. Creating a Virtual Dat
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Figure 9-87. Create a Security Prof
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Figure 9-89. Creating a Security Pr
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Figure 9-92 shows how to assign the
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Figure 9-95. Adding a Policy in VNM
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demonstrated in Example 9-30. Examp
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profile Employee state enabled vsm(
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Click here to view code image vsm#
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Figure 9-100. Create a vmk Interfac
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Example 9-39. Verify the vPath Info
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Flow Lookup Hit 229 Flow Lookup Mis
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Destroy 8 L4 TCP Flow Create 0 L4 T
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Rcvd 0 L2-Frag Coalesced 0 Encap ex
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Encap Err 0 0 0 All- Drops 38 1 Flo
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DV Port : 161 DVS uuid : ed 5d 0b 5
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Figure 9-103 shows the VXLAN topolo
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Enter configuration commands, one p
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Figure 9-105. Assigning vmknic 10.1
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Figure 9-108. Assigning the VxLAN-V
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Figure 9-110. The VMs and ESX Host
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Figure 9-112. Verifying the VM IP A
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Segment BD Error: 0 Dest Mcast IP n
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Pinning Failed on Decap: 0 Can't ge
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75 Multicast Packets 1801 Broadcast
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0 Input Packet Drops 0 Output Packe
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2 Eth3/3 3 182 0013.21cb.eb94 dynam
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105 0050.568b.1c32 dynamic 47 Eth4/
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username admin password 5 $1$Sx5LsG
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switchport access vlan 182 no shutd
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capability l3-vn-service vmware dvp
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ip ttl 64 ip prec 0 ip dscp 0 mtu 1
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VM version 7. VM type Other Linux 6
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Figure 9-116. Option to Install the
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Figure 9-118. Login Prompt After Bo
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session 1 --------------- type : er
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Figure 9-121. Selecting or Changing
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Figure 9-124. Defining the Subnet I
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Figure 9-126. Monitoring and Traffi
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1000v.VSG1.3.1a.iso 246831104 Aug 0
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Chapter 10. Quality of Service (QoS
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Nexus devices enable class maps to
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switch to offer lossless services o
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============================ policy
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The queues are hardware components
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queue-limit percent 16 queue droppe
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the remaining queues to schedule tr
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default-4q-8e-out- Service-policy (
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N7K-2(config-pmap-que)# class type
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Class-map (queuing): 1p7q4t-out-q3
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fex port interface: Ethernet101/1/1
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FCoE is defined by default, it is g
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Service-policy (queuing) output: de
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Service-policy (queuing) input: voi
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QoS on Nexus 1000V The Nexus 1000V
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Click here to view code image demol
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demolab-vsm1(config-cmap-que)# exit
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the overlay; this enables data cent
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• OTV join-interface: The OTV joi
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identifier is mandatory to configur
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AED)Overlay1 59* otv- 1 active Over
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Stale routes during non-graceful co
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57 0050.5692.48d1 42 1w4d overlay o
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59 0050.569c.2902 1 4d00h site port
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channel1002 61 00e0.81c2.4a74 42 1w
Page 807 and 808:
and preventing unicast-flooding in
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ip pim rp-address 40.10.10.50 group
Page 811 and 812:
Example 11-14. Sample Configuration
Page 813 and 814:
102-103, 106, 116, 120, 122 (Total:
Page 815 and 816:
For the Layer 2 multicast communica
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MAC_ vlan vlan-name interface OTV-i
Page 819 and 820:
Example 11-19 shows the OTV ARP Cac
Page 821 and 822:
! mac access-list ALL_MACs 10 permi
Page 823 and 824:
methods are discussed from a high-l
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ip route 10.1.64.128/25 Null0 250 r
Page 827 and 828:
• VRF-Aware Telnet • VRF-Aware
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Ethernet10/22 default 1 - - Etherne
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for any subsequent show or EXEC com
Page 833 and 834:
N7k-1(config)# feature isis N7k-1(c
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Paths: (1 available, best #1) Flags
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• Label Switching Router (LSR): A
Page 839 and 840:
N7k-1(config)# install feature-set
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192.168.0.2 2.2.2.2 From a CE to PE
Page 843 and 844:
Click here to view code image N7k-1
Page 845 and 846:
license be installed first. The Nex
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• EID addresses: The IP addresses
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Note Consult the following link to
Page 851 and 852:
destination of 172.20.40.0 /24. LIS
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infrastructure, destined to one of
Page 855 and 856:
13-3. Example 13-3. Define the Glob
Page 857 and 858:
Layer 3 SVI interface. Note The mul
Page 859 and 860:
authentication-key 3 9125d59c18a9b0
Page 861 and 862:
Click here to view code image N7K1#
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Who last registered: 1.1.1.13 Routi
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connects the xTR to the L3 domain o
Page 867 and 868:
Design Goals Figure 14-1. Existing
Page 869 and 870:
must go smoothly. With this in mind
Page 871 and 872:
10.255.255.2 vrf VPCKA peer-gateway
Page 873 and 874:
dove(config-if)# shutdown dove(conf
Page 875 and 876:
Click here to view code image bluej
Page 877 and 878:
outed full 10G 10g Po2 to CS1 (BLUE
Page 879 and 880:
with previous steps, these port-cha
Page 881 and 882:
scotland(config-if)# switchport sco
Page 883 and 884:
Design Note Care has been given to
Page 885 and 886:
w - waiting to be aggregated Number
Page 887 and 888:
0023.04ee.be01 0 2 20 15 This bridg
Page 889 and 890:
denmark# show run interface Vlan26
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! We want this to be an undesirable
Page 893 and 894:
egypt(config-if)# shutdown egypt(co
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egypt# conf t Enter configuration c
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TenGigabitEthernet4/3 D 10.198.57.0
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egypt(config-if-hsrp)# interface vl
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Standby 10.198.208.4 local 10.198.2
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0023.04ee.be01 3 2 20 15 Po100 VLAN
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Figure 14-4. Migrated Topology One
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Figure 14-5. Topology with 5K/2K De
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Example 14-52. vPC Configuration on
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channel-group 101 interface Etherne
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stub routing, 146 summarization, 14
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oadcast storms, traffic storm contr
Page 917 and 918:
multicasts, 253 CP (Control Process
Page 919 and 920:
Nexus 7000, 386-392 overview of, 38
Page 921 and 922:
authentication, 174-203 configuring
Page 923 and 924:
stateful switchovers, 368-369 Unifi
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isolated VLAN (Virtual Local Area N
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Rapid-PVST, 80-87 RootGuard, 96-97
Page 929 and 930:
LSP, 719 LSR, 719 managing, 725 Nex
Page 931 and 932:
LoopGuard, 97-98 Loose Unicast RPF
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defining, 719 enabling, 721-722 ope
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Atomic mode, 434 Best-Effort mode,
Page 937 and 938:
Nexus 1000v NX-OS licensing, 9 NX-O
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FCoE installation, 478-479 MDS FCoE
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network advertisements, 157 passive
Page 943 and 944:
topology of, 155, 170 VRF configura
Page 945 and 946:
ARP synchronization, 117 flow contr
Page 947 and 948:
FEX, 661-662 forwarding architectur
Page 949 and 950:
HSRP, 174-203 IP Source Guard, 321-
Page 951 and 952:
snooping DHCP snooping, 313-316 IGM
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configuration files, 33-35 file sys
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enabling FCoE, 468 enabling NPV mod
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Single-Hop FCoE configuration, 471-
Page 959:
port profile creation, 545-546 port
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