Ethics of Islam

men. Justice means harmony and equality. Equality of two
different identities either comes from their essence or is due to
their attributes. They share identical features. Hence, justice
ensues from unity, oneness. Oneness is the most honorable
attribute and the most honorable state because all the existence
came from One Being. Every unity that exists in the universe is
reminiscent the only real One Being. As every existent being
became existent owing to that One Being, similarly, every kind of
oneness owes its existence to that Oneness. In the business of
measurement and comparison, the most honorable and valuable
outcome is equality. In fact, this matter is being studied more
extensively and in more detail in music. Therefore, justice is the
most honorable among all sorts of goodness. Justice means to be
in the middle. It is wrong to consider someone as just if he has
deviated from the middle. Justice is a prerequisite in three
circumstances:
1) Division of some property or a blessing for distribution
must be done justly.
2) Justice is required in business transactions such as buying
and selling.
3) It is a must to do justice in application of punishment. For
example, if a person intimidates or attacks someone else, he has
to be punished in kind. [But this punishment is the government’s
responsibility. So the person wronged should petition the security
or the court of justice instead of avenging himself. A Muslim will
both obey Islam by avoiding sinning and observe the laws by
avoiding offense.] When there is justice people will live without
anxieties. Justice means a state of affairs free from anxieties.
What is justice? The scope of human mind would be too
limited to comprehend the meaning of this concept. For this
reason, Allâhu ta’âlâ, pitying His human creatures, sent them
guidelines for their legal systems thereby to protect their
countries. These divine guidelines made it easy to measure justice.
These guidelines are the religions revealed to prophets ‘alaihimus-salawât-u-wa-t-taslîmât’.
Islam is also called ‘nâmûs-i-ilâhî
(divine honour)’. The divine guidelines which are enjoined upon
humanity as of today and which will maintain their validity until
the annihilation of this world are embodied in the Sharî’at which
was revealed to Muhammad ‘alaihis-salâm’. After these
guidelines, a second means of measurement was delivered to
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