3. - Schlösser-Magazin

3. the
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3. Justification for Inscription
19th-century; due to new planting from
1774 onwards many original bosquets by Le
Nôtre were lost; few 19th-century alterations;
many new trees planted after a storm on
26th December 1991; bosquets destroyed by
alterations and neglect to be restored to their
appearance in the time of Louis XIV.
Summary
Versailles is not a summer residence, a
concept that was largely unknown in France
and mainly a German phenomenon. The
gardens of Versailles have been preserved
virtually unchanged since the French
Revolution of 1789, and recently works are
underway to restore them to their original
appearance dating from the time of Louis
XIV. The “French” part of the Schwetzingen
gardens remains true to the topos established
by Versailles but is in fact closer to the
Régence style.
Bibliography
Jean-Marie Pérousse de Montclos, Robert Polidori:
Versailles. Paris 1991.
Simone Hoog, Daniel Meyer: Versailles. Paris 1995.
Katharina Krause: Die Maison de plaisance. Landhäuser in
der Île-de-France (1660-1730). München 1996.
Nicolas D’Archimbaud: Versailles. München 2001.
Pierre Lemoine: Versailles and Trianon. Guide to the
Museum and National Domain of Versailles and Trianon.
Paris 2002.
Michael Hesse: Klassische Architektur in Frankreich.
Kirchen, Schlösser, Gärten und Städte 1600-1800.
Darmstadt 2004.
Peter Burke: Ludwig XIV. Die Inszenierung des
Sonnenkönigs. Berlin 2005.
Pierre-André Lablaude: Les jardins de Versailles. Paris
2005.
Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn
Basic Facts
Location: Austria, state of Vienna, city of
Vienna
Historical outline: A 16th-century hunting
lodge, the ”Katterburg“; 1688-1690 under
Emperor Leopold I plans for a huge palace
by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach; early
1690s revision of the project; 1696 building
starts on the palace; from 1695 garden layout
by Jean Trehet; 1743 Empress Maria Theresia
designates the unfinished palace to be her
summer residence; her husband, Emperor
Franz I [Ferdinand] (r. 1740-1765), commissions
a team of experts from his native Lorraine
to further develop the gardens, among them
Jean Nicolas Jadot, Louis Gervais, and Jean
Brequin de Demange, also Dutchman Adrian
van Stekhoven; 1751/52 circular menagerie;
1755 completion of a huge orangery; 1775
construction of the Gloriette by Johann
Ferdinand Hetzendorf von Hohenberg;
redesigning of the parterre and installation of
32 sculptures by Wilhelm Beyer from 1773;
1777 raising of Obelisk in the east bosquet;
1778 “Roman Ruin”; 1780 Neptune Fountain
at the foot of the Gloriette terraces; 1828-1850
landscaping of the Dutch Garden and Botanic
Garden; 1880-1882 construction of palm house
(modeled on the one at Kew) and refashioning
of the former Dutch Garden into a historicising
sunken parterre surrounding it, by Adolf Vetter
and Anton Umlauft; 1869-1886 restoration
of the Baroque garden, and the hedges and
avenues in particular, by Adolf Vetter; 1896
redesign of the parterre by Anton Umlauft in
the neo-Baroque style it retains today. UNESCO