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2012 EDUCATIONAL BOOK - American Society of Clinical Oncology

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patients are cared for completely with aggressive palliation<br />

<strong>of</strong> symptoms to maximize their remaining time. Celiac<br />

plexus neurolysis improves pain in the majority <strong>of</strong> APC<br />

patients and should be moved earlier in the analgesic<br />

paradigm. Antiemetics continue to evolve for maximal prevention<br />

<strong>of</strong> CINV, including olanzapine in recent studies.<br />

Nutritional status remains important to patients and families;<br />

weight loss related to undiagnosed pancreas exocrine<br />

Author’s Disclosures <strong>of</strong> Potential Conflicts <strong>of</strong> Interest<br />

Author<br />

Lauren A. Wiebe*<br />

*No relevant relationships to disclose.<br />

Employment or<br />

Leadership<br />

Positions<br />

Consultant or<br />

Advisory Role<br />

1. Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer Statistics, <strong>2012</strong>. CA Cancer<br />

J Clin. <strong>2012</strong>;62:10-29.<br />

2. Chochinov HM. Dying, dignity and new horizons in palliative end-<strong>of</strong>-life<br />

care. CA Cancer J Clin. 2006;56:84-103.<br />

3. Yan BM, Myers RP. Neurolytic celiac plexus block for pain control in<br />

unresectable pancreatic cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:430-438.<br />

4. Wyse JM, Carone M, Paquin SC, et al. Randomized, double-blind,<br />

controlled trial <strong>of</strong> early endoscopic ultrasound-guided celiac plexus neurolysis<br />

to prevent pain progression in patients with newly diagnosed, painful,<br />

inoperable pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol. 29:3541-3546.<br />

5. Basch E, Prestrud AA, Hesketh PJ, et al. Antiemetics: <strong>American</strong> <strong>Society</strong><br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>Clinical</strong> <strong>Oncology</strong> Practice Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:4189-<br />

4198.<br />

6. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. <strong>Clinical</strong> Practice Guidelines<br />

in <strong>Oncology</strong>. http://www.nccn.org/pr<strong>of</strong>essionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.<br />

asp#supportive. Accessed February 29, <strong>2012</strong>.<br />

7. Navari RM, Gray SE, Kerr AC. Olanzapine versus aprepitant for the<br />

prevention <strong>of</strong> chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A randomized<br />

phase III trial. J Support Oncol. 2011;9:188-195.<br />

8. Tan L, Liu J, Liu X, et al. <strong>Clinical</strong> research <strong>of</strong> olanzapine for prevention<br />

<strong>of</strong> chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. J Exp Clin Cancer Res.<br />

2009;29:131.<br />

9. Donthireddy KR, Ailawadhi S, Nasser E, et al. Malignant gastroparesis:<br />

Pathogenesis and management <strong>of</strong> an underrecognized disorder. J Support<br />

Oncol. 2007;5:355-363.<br />

10. Juernink SM, van Eijck CHJ, Steyerberg EW, et al. Stent versus<br />

gastrojejunostomy for the palliation <strong>of</strong> gastric outlet obstruction: A systematic<br />

review. BMC Gastroenterol. 2007;7:18.<br />

11. Ripamonti CT, Easson AM, Gerdes H. Management <strong>of</strong> malignant bowel<br />

obstruction. Eur J Cancer. 2008;44:1105-1115.<br />

12. Chung M and Kozuch P. Treatment <strong>of</strong> malignant ascites. Curr Treat<br />

Options Oncol. 2008;9:215-233.<br />

248<br />

insufficiency improves with aggressive enzyme supplementation.<br />

Bowel dysfunction from gastroparesis or malignant<br />

obstruction is treatable with palliative interventions. Finally,<br />

the existential and psychosocial concerns <strong>of</strong> patients<br />

facing death from pancreatic cancer should be addressed in<br />

a holistic manner. Early integration <strong>of</strong> palliative care will<br />

help patients achieve the best quality <strong>of</strong> life in the face <strong>of</strong><br />

this unfortunate diagnosis.<br />

Stock<br />

Ownership Honoraria<br />

REFERENCES<br />

Research<br />

Funding<br />

Expert<br />

Testimony<br />

LAUREN A. WIEBE<br />

Other<br />

Remuneration<br />

13. Halloran CM, Cox TF, Chauhan S, et al. Partial pancreatic resection for<br />

pancreatic malignancy is associated with sustained pancreatic exocrine<br />

failure and reduced quality <strong>of</strong> life: A prospective study. Pancreatology.<br />

2011;11:535-545.<br />

14. Dominguez-Munoz JE. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency: Diagnosis<br />

and treatment. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;26 Suppl. 2:12-16.<br />

15. Dodson S, Baracos VE, Jatoi A, et al. Muscle wasting in cancer<br />

cachexia: <strong>Clinical</strong> implications, diagnosis, and emerging treatment strategies.<br />

Annu Rev Med. 2011;62:265-279.<br />

16. Dy SM, Lorenz KA, Naeim A, et al. Evidence-based recommendations<br />

for cancer fatigue, anorexia, depression and dyspnea. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:<br />

3886-3895.<br />

17. Berenstein G, Ortiz Z. Megestrol acetate for treatment <strong>of</strong> anorexiacachexia<br />

syndrome. Cochrane Database <strong>of</strong> Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 2.<br />

Art. No.: CD004310.<br />

18. Davis M, Lasheen W, Walsh D, et al. A phase II dose titration study <strong>of</strong><br />

thalidomide for cancer-associated anorexia. J Pain Symptom Manage. <strong>2012</strong>;<br />

43:78-86.<br />

19. Boutros C, Somasundar P, Razzak A, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids:<br />

Investigations from cytokine regulation to pancreatic cancer gene suppression.<br />

Arch Surg. 2010;145:515-520.<br />

20. Clark KL, Loscalzo M, Trask PC, et al. Pyschological distress in<br />

patients with pancreatic cancer—an understudied group. Pychooncology.<br />

2010;19:1313-1320.<br />

21. Mayr M, Schmid RM. Pancreatic cancer and depression: Myth and<br />

truth. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:569.<br />

22. Turaga KT, Malafa MP, Jacobsen PB, et al. Suicide in patients with<br />

pancreatic cancer. Cancer. 2011;117:642-647.<br />

23. Smith TJ, Temin S, Alesi ER, et al. <strong>American</strong> <strong>Society</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Clinical</strong><br />

<strong>Oncology</strong> Provisional <strong>Clinical</strong> Opinion: The Integration <strong>of</strong> Palliative Care into<br />

Standard <strong>Oncology</strong> Care. http://jco.ascopubs.org/cgi/doi/10.1200/JCO.2011.<br />

38.5161. Accessed February 29, <strong>2012</strong>.

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