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2012 EDUCATIONAL BOOK - American Society of Clinical Oncology

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telephone call to the family, sending a sympathy card, or<br />

attending a funeral. Approximately 33.3% (95% CI 29.3–<br />

37.4%) reported usually or always, 30.5% (95% CI 26.5–<br />

34.4%) reported sometimes, and 36.2% (95% CI 32.1–40.3%)<br />

reported rarely or never. The most common practice was a<br />

phone call whereas attending a funeral was rare. A small<br />

number <strong>of</strong> physicians, approximately 9% (95% CI 6.6–<br />

11.5%), felt that sending a condolence note was the responsibility<br />

<strong>of</strong> the physician.<br />

The most common identified barrier to contacting the<br />

patient’s family was lack <strong>of</strong> time and resources, although<br />

some felt uncomfortable and were not certain whom to<br />

contact. Multivariate analysis revealed that more frequent<br />

bereavement practice was associated with female sex, working<br />

in an academic center, conviction that physicians have<br />

a responsibility to write a condolence card, and absence <strong>of</strong> a<br />

Author’s Disclosure <strong>of</strong> Potential Conflicts <strong>of</strong> Interest<br />

Author<br />

Teresa Gilewski*<br />

*No relevant relationships to disclose.<br />

Employment or<br />

Leadership<br />

Positions<br />

Consultant or<br />

Advisory Role<br />

1. Dickinson, E. The Complete Poems <strong>of</strong> Emily Dickinson. Boston: Little<br />

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2. Merriam-Webster. www.merriam-webster.com. Accessed February 6,<br />

<strong>2012</strong>.<br />

3. Emanuel LL, Ferris FD, von Gunten DF, Von Roenn J. Education in<br />

Palliative and End-<strong>of</strong>-Life Care - <strong>Oncology</strong> (EPEC-O): Participant’s Handbook.<br />

Module 4: Loss, Grief and Bereavement. EPEC Project. Chicago, IL:<br />

2005;M4-1-M4-24.<br />

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and other burdens <strong>of</strong> terminal illness: The experience <strong>of</strong> patients and<br />

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approach to grief and bereavement. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:208-215.<br />

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reactions to recent death <strong>of</strong> a patient: Cross sectional study <strong>of</strong> hospital<br />

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e84<br />

palliative care program, with the most significant being a<br />

palliative care specialty.<br />

For some patient’s families, it may also be meaningful to<br />

visit with them in person. Physicians may not recognize the<br />

importance <strong>of</strong> these bereavement practices because <strong>of</strong> limited<br />

feedback from the patient’s loved ones.<br />

Conclusion<br />

Grief is a normal response to loss and a fundamental<br />

component <strong>of</strong> the field <strong>of</strong> oncology. Health care workers in<br />

oncology face the challenge <strong>of</strong> repeated exposure to serious<br />

illness and death. Enhanced acknowledgment and recognition<br />

<strong>of</strong> the indicators <strong>of</strong> grief and reasons for grief are<br />

essential to providing sustainable compassionate care. Engaging<br />

one’s grief may result in considerable insight into the<br />

essence <strong>of</strong> patient care and the soul <strong>of</strong> medicine.<br />

Stock<br />

Ownership Honoraria<br />

REFERENCES<br />

Research<br />

Funding<br />

Expert<br />

Testimony<br />

TERESA GILEWSKI<br />

Other<br />

Remuneration<br />

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24. Brown SL, Nesse RM, Vinokur AD, et al. Providing social support may<br />

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30. Penson RT, Green KM, Chabner BA, et al. When does the responsibility<br />

<strong>of</strong> our care end: Bereavement. Oncologist. 2002;7:251-258.<br />

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