2012 EDUCATIONAL BOOK - American Society of Clinical Oncology

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passionate pursuit of PBI. This study, presented at the 34 th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (December 6–10, San Antonio, TX), reviewed the Medicare records of 130,535 patients who received treatment with brachytherapy-based PBI or standard WBI between 2001 and 2007. 14 The authors reported that women receiving treatment with brachytherapy-based PBI were almost twice as likely to subsequently require a mastectomy, be hospital- Author’s Disclosures of Potential Conflicts of Interest Author Richard C. Zellars* *No relevant relationships to disclose. Employment or Leadership Positions Consultant or Advisory Role 1. Overgaard M, Hansen PS, Overgaard J, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk premenopausal women with breast cancer who receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group 82b Trial. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:949-955. 2. Overgaard M. Overview of randomized trials in high risk breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant systemic therapy with or without postmastectomy irradiation. Semin Radiat Oncol. 1999;9:292-299. 3. Ragaz J, Olivotto IA, Spinelli JJ, et al. Locoregional radiation therapy in patients with high-risk breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: 20-year results of the British Columbia randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97:116-126. 4. Taghian A, Jeong JH, Mamounas E, et al. Patterns of locoregional failure in patients with operable breast cancer treated by mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy with or without tamoxifen and without radiotherapy: results from five National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project randomized clinical trials. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:4247-4254. 5. Recht A, Gray R, Davidson NE, et al. Locoregional failure 10 years after mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy with or without tamoxifen without irradiation: experience of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:1689-1700. 6. Ceilley E, Jagsi R, Goldberg S, et al. RADIOTHERAPY for invasive breast cancer in north America and Europe: results of a survey. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;61:365-373. 7. McGale P. The 2006 worldwide overview of the effects of local treatments for early breast cancer on long-term outcome: “meta-analysis of the randomized trials of radiotherapy after mastectomy with axillary clearance.” Pre- 52 ized for complications, and acquire a treatment-induced infection compared with those who received the more standard WBI. One must note that this study is retrospective and covers a period in which new PBI brachytherapy techniques were just being introduced. Nonetheless, it is perhaps most prudent for practitioners to reserve PBI for the protocol setting, or to wait for longer-term results from randomized controlled trials. Stock Ownership Honoraria REFERENCES Research Funding Expert Testimony RICHARD C. ZELLARS Other Remuneration sented at: 48 th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology; November 2006; Philadelphia, PA. 8. Whelan T. NCIC-CTG MA.20: an intergroup trial of regional nodal irradiation in early breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29 (suppl; abstr LBA1003). 9. Voogd AC, Nielsen M, Peterse JL, et al. Differences in risk factors for local and distant recurrence after breast-conserving therapy or mastectomy for stage I and II breast cancer: pooled results of two large European randomized trials. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:1688-1697. 10. Vaidya JS, Joseph DJ, Tobias JS, et al. Targeted intraoperative radiotherapy versus whole breast radiotherapy for breast cancer (TARGIT-A): an international, prospective, randomized, noninferiority phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2010;376:91-102. 11. Oncology Times UK. June 2011 Volume 8. 12. Julian T. Early toxicity results with 3-D conformal external beam therapy from the NSABP B-39/RTOG 0413 Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) Trial. Presented at: 53 rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology; October 2011; Philadelphia, PA. 13. Zellars RC, Stearns V, Frassica D, et al. Feasibility trial of PBI with concurrent dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in early-stage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:2816-2822. 14. Smith GL, Buchholz TA, Giordano SH et al. Partial breast brachytherapy is associated with inferior effectiveness and increased toxicity compared with whole breast irradiation in older patients. Presented at: 34 th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 2011; San Antonio, TX.
The Appropriate Extent of Surgery for Early-Stage Breast Cancer Overview: Attitudes regarding the appropriate extent of surgery for breast cancer and the effect of surgery on breast cancer–specific survival have varied over time. Failure to maintain local control is associated with decreased survival, but the extent of surgery necessary for local control has decreased as other treatment modalities, such as radiotherapy and systemic therapy, have become more widely used. Both endocrine therapy and chemotherapy considerably re- PERCEPTIONS OF the role of surgery in contributing to the cure of breast cancer have varied over time. Until the mid-1970s, surgery was performed with the intent of curing breast cancer, and “bigger was better.” In the 1980s and 1990s the popularization of the “systemic disease” hypothesis by Dr. Bernard Fisher opened the door to smaller surgical procedures, the widespread use of systemic therapy, and the thought that surgery was primarily a staging procedure. In 2005 the Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) overview analysis 1 demonstrated that failure to achieve local control in both node-positive and nodenegative women at 5 years after either lumpectomy or mastectomy decreased breast cancer specific survival at 15 years, indicating that local therapy does affect survival. This observation renewed interest in the appropriate extent of surgery to maximize local control in the index breast and the axilla, as well as the role of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in breast cancer management. Extent of Surgery in the Index Breast: Margins The selection criteria for breast-conserving surgery (BCS) developed in the 1980s and in use today are related to the extent of the tumor burden in the breast and the ability to safely deliver radiotherapy. Biologic tumor features such as estrogen receptor (ER), histologic grade, and node status are not used as selection criteria for lumpectomy compared with mastectomy. 2 The most important determinant of tumor burden in the breast with a unicentric cancer is margin status. Although it is clear that patients with positive margins, defined as tumor cells touching ink, have an increased risk of local recurrence compared with those with negative margins; 3 evidence that more widely clear margins further reduce local recurrence is lacking. In the prospective, randomized trials that established the safety of BCS, only the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B06 study required a microscopically negative margin, defined as tumor cells not touching ink. 4 After 20 years of follow-up, patients undergoing lumpectomy and radiation therapy (RT) in this study had a survival outcome equivalent to those having mastectomy, and only 14% developed a local recurrence (LR). Since the time of this study, the rates of LR in NSABP trials have steadily declined, although the required margin has not changed. 5 This can largely be attributed to the widespread use of adjuvant systemic therapy, although improvements in pathologic evaluation and the quality of mammography have also contributed to this trend. Data from prospective randomized trials of adjuvant systemic By Monica Morrow, MD duce rates of local recurrence in the breast, as well as the incidence of contralateral breast cancer, and as efficacy in reducing metastatic disease increases, so does the benefit in reducing local recurrence. The excellent rates of local control in the ACOSOG Z11 trial after elimination of axillary dissection in patients with positive sentinel nodes receiving whole-breast irradiation and systemic therapy are a model for reducing surgical morbidity in the era of multimodality therapy. chemotherapy and endocrine therapy demonstrate reductions in LR rates from 13% to 15% in patients randomized to no adjuvant therapy compared with 3% to 4% in those receiving adjuvant therapy. 6,7 As the efficacy of systemic therapy improves, LR is further reduced. In the randomized trials of the addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy in patients with HER2 overexpressing tumors, the addition of trastuzumab resulted in an approximately 40% relative reduction in the risk of LR compared with treatment with chemotherapy alone. 8 Rates of LR less than 5% at 8–10 years are regularly seen in patients undergoing BCS in more recent time periods. 5,9 Despite these favorable outcomes, there appears to be confusion regarding what constitutes an adequate margin of resection as evidenced by the results of a population-based survey of 318 surgeons in which only 11% endorsed tumor not touching ink as an adequate margin, 42% endorsed an adequate margin of greater than 1–2 mm, 28% endorsed an adequate margin of greater than 5 mm, and 19% endorsed an adequate margin greater than 1 cm. 10 A similar lack of consensus has been documented among radiation oncologists. 11 This lack of consensus has made re-excision a common procedure, 12 and a study of 2,206 patients with invasive breast cancer documented that although 23% of patients had re-excision, almost half (47.5%) of the reexcisions were performed for margins where tumor was not touching ink. 13 A meta-analysis of 14,571 patients with 1,026 local recurrences found no difference in rates of local recurrence for any negative margin width greater than tumor not touching ink after adjusting for factors such as the use of a boost dose of RT and endocrine therapy. 3 Other strategies, such as magnetic resonance imaging, that are intended to reduce the subclinical tumor burden (the goal of more widely clear margins) have also not been shown to decrease LR. 9,14 In addition, there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that patients at high risk of LR after BCS are also at high risk of LR after mastectomy. 15,16 Two studies examining LR after BCS and mastectomy for patients with triple-negative breast cancers have found no From the Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. Author’s disclosures of potential conflicts of interest are found at the end of this article. Address reprint requests to Monica Morrow, MD, Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th St., New York, NY 10065; email: morrowm@mskcc.org. © 2012 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. 1092-9118/10/1-10 53
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AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CLINICAL ONCOLO
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American Society of Clinical Oncolo
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American Society of Clinical Oncolo
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New Looks and Challenges for Cooper
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Genitourinary Cancer Best Use of Im
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Research and Standard of Care: Lung
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Practice Management and Information
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2012 ASCO Annual Meeting Disclosure
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Matti S. Aapro, MD Clinique De Geno
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Hedy Lee Kindler, MD The University
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Douglas E. Wood, MD University of W
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Mary Lou Smith, JD, MBA Research Ad
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ASCO and Conquer Cancer Foundation
Page 27 and 28: Letter from the Editor The theme of
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Page 37 and 38: MANAGEMENT OF T1 BREAST CANCERS the
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Page 65 and 66: A FRESH LOOK AT DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN
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Page 91 and 92: Advanced Imaging Techniques for the
Page 93 and 94: IMAGING TECHNIQUES FOR BREAST CANCE
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Page 97 and 98: Update of the Oxford Overview: New
Page 99 and 100: UPDATE OF THE OXFORD OVERVIEW Fig.
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Page 107 and 108: Gene Patents and Personalized Medic
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Page 111 and 112: Chemoprevention for Breast Cancer:
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GLIOBLASTOMA: BIOLOGY, GENETICS AND
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FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN GBM THERAPY pr
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FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN GBM THERAPY Ch
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ESTABLISHING TREATMENTS FOR GLIOBLA
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Current Concepts in Brain Tumor Ima
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CONCEPTS IN BRAIN TUMOR IMAGING tum
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CONCEPTS IN BRAIN TUMOR IMAGING Aut
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PERSPECTIVES ON HEADLINE-MAKING NEW
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TTF THERAPY IN GLIOBLASTOMA Fig. 1.
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TTF THERAPY IN GLIOBLASTOMA istics.
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TTF THERAPY IN GLIOBLASTOMA because
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Limitations of Adaptive Clinical Tr
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LIMITATIONS OF ADAPTIVE CLINICAL TR
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LIMITATIONS OF ADAPTIVE CLINICAL TR
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Capturing the Patient Perspective:
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PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES AS TRIAL
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PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES AS TRIAL
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NEW LOOKS AND CHALLENGES FOR COOPER
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NCI NATIONAL CLINICAL TRIALS NETWOR
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Successful Integration of Cooperati
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COG: GIVING NEW MEANING TO COOPERAT
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A Critical Review of the Enrollment
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BLACK PATIENTS AND CANCER CLINICAL
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BLACK PATIENTS AND CANCER CLINICAL
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Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1): Hitc
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T-DM1 AND THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES ag
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TARGETING CD30 IN HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
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TARGETING CD30 IN HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
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EARLY DRUG DEVELOPMENT: CASTING A W
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Table 1. Response Rates in Expanded
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Drug Development in the Era of Pers
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that the core pathway is not comple
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This situation is not surprising, g
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Practical Management of Immune-Rela
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the anterior pituitary axis is invo
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TARGETING CRITICAL MOLECULAR ABERRA
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Abl suppression; and 3) the early e
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50% 50% 100% Change in Tumor Size m
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vanced solid tumors, even if they a
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Targeting Molecular Aberrations in
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date. With the advent of gene expre
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consortium to facilitate the testin
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ETHICAL CHALLENGES OF HEALTH CARE R
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HEALTH CARE REFORM AND ONCOLOGY dev
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HEALTH CARE REFORM AND ONCOLOGY aut
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INTERNATIONAL VARIATION IN UNDERSTA
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midcareer physician; in one cross-s
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Table 1. Recommendations for Person
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stances (e.g., stage of career, fam
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elationship” is also acknowledged
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Conclusion In more individualistic
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The Oncologist’s Duty to Provide
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an external observer, but to the pe
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MEDICAL ERRORS IN CANCER CARE: PREV
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DISCLOSING MEDICAL ERRORS Disclosur
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DISCLOSING MEDICAL ERRORS Author’
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PREVENTING MEDICAL ERRORS more diff
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“PERSONALIZED” ONCOLOGY FOR COL
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0.001), progression-free survival (
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mately 40% of patients with colorec
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Table 1. Tumor Marker Utility Gradi
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treatment (tx) for metastatic color
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The Interventional Radiologist Role
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effect. The most common drug that h
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gone forever, no further therapy is
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is irrelevant if it is already rese
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Resection and Thermal Ablation of L
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Author’s Disclosures of Potential
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Minimally Invasive Surgery of Recta
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outcomes; local, wound-site, and di
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Authors’ Disclosures of Potential
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CAO/ARO 04 study—which added oxal
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STAGE III COLON CANCER: WHAT WORKS,
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Table 1. Comparison of Fluoropyrimi
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tients with stages II and III color
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ized by high fruit, vegetable, poul
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Exercise Change trial: a randomized
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A New Direction for Pancreatic Canc
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Table 1. FOLFIRINOX versus Gemcitab
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The Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG)
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A Matter of Timing: Is There a Role
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an OS benefit with radiation therap
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a dose of 50.4 Gy to 59.4 Gy of rad
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more commonly given for APC, specia
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subcutaneous bolus or infusion. Hal
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patients are cared for completely w
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Varying Lymphadenectomies for Gastr
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Table 1. Regional Lymph Nodes of th
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Conclusion There are clear differen
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Will Disease Heterogeneity Help Def
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prematurely due to poor accrual. 18
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Adjuvant Treatments for Localized A
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ADJUVANT TREATMENT FOR GASTRIC CANC
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LIVER-DIRECTED THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS
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ated with unique dose distributions
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HCC, with encouraging outcomes in e
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tion. Advanced computer-based image
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a 5-year survival rate of 70% follo
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THE MANAGEMENT OF LESS COMMON BUT C
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Fig 1. PubMed publications and clin
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of therapeutic options, patient sel
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less informative than the GRETCH an
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Table 3. New Agents/Regimens under
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combined with concurrent transarter
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to optimize the use of erlotinib by
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Optimal Use of Imaging to Guide Tre
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enhancement seen. Furthermore, the
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CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCE
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Fig. 1. FDA regulatory approvals in
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Prognostic, Predictive, and Surroga
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adhesion molecule and further chara
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and treatment options are expanding
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KIDNEY CANCER BIOLOGY AND THERAPEUT
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Prognostic Factors in Advanced RCC
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cell immunotherapy in which a small
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New Developments in Urothelial Canc
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Novel Approaches in Advanced Urothe
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10. Albers P, Park SI, Niegisch G,
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700 at a dose of 400 mg twice daily
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therapy for nonmetastatic prostate
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ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR OLDER PATIENTS
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Adjuvant Systemic Therapy Adjuvant
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with early-stage breast cancer were
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clinical trials to generate additio
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Adjuvant Treatment of Older Patient
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OLDER PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER Fig
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OLDER PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER adj
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Considerations and Controversies in
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OLDER PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED CANCER
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RECENT CLINICAL HIGHLIGHTS IN GYNEC
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GLOBAL ADVANCES IN GYNECOLOGIC ONCO
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GLOBAL ADVANCES IN GYNECOLOGIC ONCO
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The European Society of Gynaecologi
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ESGO EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH ACTIV
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UPFRONT TREATMENT OF OVARIAN CANCER
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ANTIANGIOGENICS AND PARP INHIBITORS
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ANTIANGIOGENICS AND PARP INHIBITORS
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Intraperitoneal Treatment in Ovaria
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INTRAPERITONEAL TREATMENT IN OVARIA
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Dose-Dense Chemotherapy and Neoadju
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CHEMOTHERAPY FOR OVARIAN CANCER Fig
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CHEMOTHERAPY FOR OVARIAN CANCER whi
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UTERINE SARCOMA: CHALLENGING CASES
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HISTOLOGIC FEATURES AND MANAGEMENT
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SURGICAL OPTIONS FOR UTERINE SARCOM
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SURGICAL OPTIONS FOR UTERINE SARCOM
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PATIENTS WITH HPV-POSITIVE OROPHARY
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HPV-INDUCED OROPHARYNX CANCER analy
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HPV-INDUCED OROPHARYNX CANCER fract
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Important Early Advances in Squamou
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EARLY ADVANCES IN SCCHN Fig 1. Targ
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Application of Genomic and Proteomi
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GENOMIC AND PROTEOMIC TECHNOLOGIES
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GENOMIC AND PROTEOMIC TECHNOLOGIES
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TREATMENT OF THYROID CANCERS: NEW I
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EVALUATION OF ADVANCED THYROID CANC
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EVALUATION OF ADVANCED THYROID CANC
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Systemic Therapeutic Approaches to
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APPROACHES TO ADVANCED THYROID CANC
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AVOIDING OVERDIAGNOSIS AND OVERTREA
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Table 1. Prevalence of Prostate Can
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Table 3. Potential Risks and Benefi
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Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment of
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een reached by other modeling effor
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east cancer community have FDA-appr
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COSTS OF CANCER CARE: AFFORDABILITY
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REDUCING THE COST OF CANCER CARE Fi
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REDUCING THE COST OF CANCER CARE Th
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REDUCING THE COST OF CANCER CARE de
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Why Hasn’t Genomic Testing Change
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tigators should develop prospective
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MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC L
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PREDICTIVE PARAMETERS IN CLL Table
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PREDICTIVE PARAMETERS IN CLL patien
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Transplant in Chronic Lymphocytic L
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WHEN TO OFFER TRANSPLANTATION IN CL
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WHEN TO OFFER TRANSPLANTATION IN CL
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NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN MYELOPROLIFERAT
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SMALL-MOLECULE INHIBITORS FOR MPN S
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SMALL-MOLECULE INHIBITORS FOR MPN L
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Insights into the Molecular Genetic
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GENETICS OF MYELOPROLIFERATIVE NEOP
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Classification of Myeloproliferativ
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CLASSIFICATION AND PROGNOSIS OF MPN
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CLASSIFICATION AND PROGNOSIS OF MPN
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AROUND THE WORLD IN ALMOST 80 MINUT
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LUNG CANCER IN BRAZIL Fig. 1. Relat
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LUNG CANCER IN BRAZIL Fig. 3. Chara
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LUNG CANCER IN BRAZIL Author’s Di
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LUNG CANCER IN CHINA Fig 1. Chinese
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LUNG CANCER IN CHINA well equipped
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Research and Standard of Care: Lung
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LUNG CANCER IN ROMANIA ● Protecti
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LUNG CANCER IN ROMANIA reimbursemen
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A New Model: Physician-Patient Coll
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PHYSICIAN ENGAGEMENT IN ONLINE PATI
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PHYSICIAN ENGAGEMENT IN ONLINE PATI
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LUNG CANCER SCREENING 101 CHAIR Chr
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LUNG CANCER SCREENING The concern i
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LUNG CANCER SCREENING Fig. 1. Guide
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LUNG CANCER SCREENING Fig. 2. Guide
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LUNG CANCER SCREENING 19. Montes RP
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Molecular Testing of Non-Small Cell
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MOLECULAR TESTING AND NSCLC Fig 1.
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MOLECULAR TESTING AND NSCLC logic d
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THYMOMA AND THYMIC CARCINOMA: UPDAT
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MANAGEMENT OF THYMIC CARCINOMA recu
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MANAGEMENT OF THYMIC CARCINOMA Refe
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The Creation of the International T
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ITMIG AS A MODEL FOR RARE DISEASES
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Thymoma: From Chemotherapy to Targe
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SYSTEMIC TREATMENT OF THYMOMA Study
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SYSTEMIC TREATMENT OF THYMOMA cance
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What Is the Best Strategy for Incor
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TREATMENT OF FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA Fi
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TREATMENT OF FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA me
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TREATMENT OF FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA ou
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TREATMENT OPTIONS IN INDOLENT LYMPH
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ROLE OF HCT FOR INDOLENT LYMPHOMA T
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ROLE OF HCT FOR INDOLENT LYMPHOMA T
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ROLE OF HCT FOR INDOLENT LYMPHOMA e
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CONTROVERSIES IN MYELOMA: INDUCTION
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TRANSPLANTATION FOR MYELOMA Alterna
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TRANSPLANTATION FOR MYELOMA compare
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TRANSPLANTATION FOR MYELOMA autolog
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CURRENT STATUS OF MYELOMA THERAPY K
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CURRENT STATUS OF MYELOMA THERAPY F
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CURRENT STATUS OF MYELOMA THERAPY T
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Maintenance Therapy for Myeloma: Ho
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MAINTENANCE THERAPY FOR MULTIPLE MY
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NEW OPTIONS, NEW QUESTIONS: HOW TO
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THERAPIES FOR PATIENTS WITH METASTA
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ANTIEMETICS: CURRENT STANDARDS, EME
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ANTIEMETICS: ASCO GUIDELINE UPDATE
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Page 631 and 632:
Page 633 and 634:
Page 635 and 636:
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vom
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INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE OF CHEMOTH
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New Frontiers in Mucositis By Dougl
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MUCOSAL INJURY CAUSED BY CANCER THE
Page 643 and 644:
Page 645 and 646:
Page 647 and 648:
Short- and Long-term Cardiovascular
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Recent Advances in Cardiotoxicity o
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CARDIOTOXICITY OF ANTICANCER THERAP
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CARDIOTOXICITY OF ANTICANCER THERAP
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The Oncologist as the Patient with
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THE ONCOLOGIST AS THE PATIENT OR RE
Page 659 and 660:
Prolonged Febrile Neutropenia in th
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FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA IN PEDIATRIC CA
Page 663 and 664:
FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA IN PEDIATRIC CA
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TREATMENT APPROACHES IN CHILDREN wh
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TREATMENT APPROACHES IN CHILDREN th
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GENETIC COUNSELING OF THE PATIENT W
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CANCER PREDISPOSITION IN CHILDHOOD
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Page 675 and 676:
Page 677 and 678:
Page 679 and 680:
HOW TO MANAGE VERY RARE PEDIATRIC C
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RARE CANCER IN CHILDREN Registries
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Genetic Alterations in Childhood Me
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GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN CHILDHOOD ME
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Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis in Childr
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CHEMOTHERAPY FOR DESMOID TUMOR Tabl
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CHEMOTHERAPY FOR DESMOID TUMOR 14.
Page 693 and 694:
Targeting the Insulin-Like Growth F
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TARGETING THE IGF SYSTEM Fig. 1. Th
Page 697 and 698:
TARGETING THE IGF SYSTEM malignanci
Page 699 and 700:
Hedgehog Pathway in Pediatric Cance
Page 701 and 702:
HEDGEHOG PATHWAY IN PEDIATRIC CANCE
Page 703 and 704:
HEDGEHOG PATHWAY IN PEDIATRIC CANCE
Page 705 and 706:
Development and Refinement of Augme
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ABFM THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC ALL than
Page 709 and 710:
ABFM THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC ALL Auth
Page 711 and 712:
RADIOTHERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC HODGKIN
Page 713 and 714:
RADIOTHERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC HODGKIN
Page 715 and 716:
Role of Doxorubicin in Rhabdomyosar
Page 717 and 718:
DOXORUBICIN IN RHABDOMYOSARCOMA 8.
Page 719 and 720:
Identification of Novel Biologic Ta
Page 721 and 722:
NOVEL TARGETS IN THE TREATMENT OF D
Page 723 and 724:
Is Biopsy Safe in Children with New
Page 725 and 726:
SAFETY OF DIPG BIOPSY IN CHILDREN F
Page 727 and 728:
SAFETY OF DIPG BIOPSY IN CHILDREN 1
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CHILDREN WITH DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PON
Page 731 and 732:
Communication and Decision Support
Page 733 and 734:
COMMUNICATION AND DECISION SUPPORT
Page 735 and 736:
Page 737 and 738:
Page 739 and 740:
Planning for the Future: The Role o
Page 741 and 742:
present in the office suite but doe
Page 743 and 744:
Summary and Care Plan are provided.
Page 745 and 746:
DOING IT RIGHT, AND FOR LESS: IMPLE
Page 747 and 748:
CLINICAL PATHWAYS STANDARDIZING PER
Page 749 and 750:
CLINICAL PATHWAYS STANDARDIZING PER
Page 751 and 752:
The Future of Oncology Care with Pe
Page 753 and 754:
quantity. Determining the appropria
Page 755 and 756:
THE ASCO QUALITY ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
Page 757 and 758:
IMPROVING VALUE OF CARE IN ONCOLOGY
Page 759 and 760:
Page 761 and 762:
Page 763 and 764:
PHYSICIAN WELLNESS: COPING WITH REP
Page 765 and 766:
also provides insight on how clinic
Page 767 and 768:
good resource for exploring the pri
Page 769 and 770:
of death or following death and inc
Page 771 and 772:
telephone call to the family, sendi
Page 773 and 774:
New Insights in Cross-Cultural Comm
Page 775 and 776:
CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION Sideba
Page 777 and 778:
THE ONCOLOGIST, THE PATIENT, AND TH
Page 779 and 780:
estimate of the proportion of their
Page 781 and 782:
exactly the same treatment, even th
Page 783 and 784:
How to Decide Whether to Offer and
Page 785 and 786:
NONSTANDARD THERAPIES FOR ADVANCED
Page 787 and 788:
NONSTANDARD THERAPIES FOR ADVANCED
Page 789 and 790:
TARGETED THERAPIES IN TARGETED OR U
Page 791 and 792:
TARGETED THERAPY IN SARCOMA rates a
Page 793 and 794:
TARGETED THERAPY IN SARCOMA seen in
Page 795 and 796:
TARGETED THERAPY IN SARCOMA recepto
Page 797 and 798:
Adjuvant Treatment of Gastrointesti
Page 799 and 800:
ADJUVANT THERAPY IN HIGH-RISK GASTR
Page 801 and 802:
Management of Tyrosine Kinase Inhib
Page 803 and 804:
TKI-RESISTANT GIST Primary Imatinib
Page 805 and 806:
TKI-RESISTANT GIST Table 2. Clinica
Page 807 and 808:
BIOLOGIC PRINCIPLES OF TARGETED COM
Page 809 and 810:
COMBINING TARGETED AGENTS IN CLINIC
Page 811 and 812:
COMBINING TARGETED AGENTS IN CLINIC
Page 813 and 814:
Combination Therapies Building on t
Page 815 and 816:
COMBINATIONS FOR MELANOMA agents th
Page 817 and 818:
MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO TARGETE
Page 819 and 820:
RESISTANCE MECHANISMS TO MAPK INHIB
Page 821 and 822:
RESISTANCE MECHANISMS TO MAPK INHIB
Page 823 and 824:
Mechanisms of Resistance to Targete
Page 825 and 826:
RESISTANCE TO TARGETED THERAPIES IN
Page 827 and 828:
RESISTANCE TO TARGETED THERAPIES IN
Page 829 and 830:
Translating PI3K-Delta Inhibitors t
Page 831 and 832:
THE STORY OF CAL-101 6% of patients
Page 833 and 834:
PI3 Kinase in Cancer: From Biology
Page 835 and 836:
PI3 KINASE IN CANCER Fig. 1. The PI
Page 837 and 838:
PI3 KINASE IN CANCER Fig. 3. In viv
Page 840:
This publication is supported by an
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2012 EDUCATIONAL BOOK - American Society of Clinical Oncology

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