Elementary New Testament Greek, 2014a

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7: Pronouns An Overview of 7 Types of Greek Pronouns Now that you understand the basic idea of pronouns, let’s get a high-altitude look at pronouns in Greek. We will carefully study the rst two types, Personal and Demonstrative pronouns, but only familiarize ourselves (for now) with the last ve types. Only Familiarize For Now 3. Relative Pronouns These pronouns open a new (dependent) clause linking it back to a noun in the previous clause. 85 1. Personal Pronouns This, by far, is the most frequently used type of pronoun in the GNT, appearing over 10,000 times. It expresses all three persons, in both singular and plural. Its job is the “simple replacement” of nouns. In Greek: μ μ In Greek: In English: English Example: (and all its forms) who, whom, whose, which. We saw them at her party, which was hosted at her aunt’s house. I knew the sailors who were lost at sea. The CEO lauded the donor whom we met earlier. In English: I, me, my; we, us, our you, your (singular and plural) he, him, his, she, her, it, its, they, them, their. 4. Interrogative Pronouns These pronouns allow us to ask questions (whether directly or indirectly). English Example: We saw them at her party. They were hosting it at the home of her aunt. In Greek: In English: (and all its forms) who? whom? whose? what? 2. Demonstrative Pronouns Second in frequency in the GNT, demonstratives “point out” by drawing our attention either towards (here) or away from (there) the speaker. Given these directional options, two distinct demonstratives are needed: the near and the far. English Example: Whom did you see at the party? Who was there? (Direct Question) I was wondering who took my glasses from the desk. (Indirect Question) In Greek: In English: (the near demonstrative) this, these (the near demonstrative); (the far demonstrative) that, those (the far demonstrative) English Example: Do you like the brown shoes, or the red ones? These are a better deal than those.
5. Indenite Pronouns These pronouns allow us to speak of persons or things not yet identied. Indenite pronouns share exactly the same forms with Interrogative pronouns, except that Indenites are enclitics (typically lacking accent marks). Note that Interrogatives differ also by asking some kind of question. In Greek: In English: English Example: (and all its forms) someone, something, anyone, anything Someone was snooping around in the backyard. I don’t think he took anything. 6. Reexive Pronouns These pronouns point the action of the verb back upon the subject of the sentence. In Greek: In English: English Example: μ (and all their forms) myself, ourselves, yourself, himself, herself, itself, themselves I really surprised myself by losing 10 pounds. Did Jack surprise himself? 7. Reciprocal Pronouns These pronouns suggest a more complex interaction than reexive pronouns. With the reexive plural (We praised ourselves), each person could be praising him or her self individually. But with the reciprocal pronoun (We praised one another), each praised (and received praise from) another. Demonstrative Pronouns (near and far ) Though Demonstratives are second in frequency, we’ll deal with them rst because of their simplicity. Observe the forms below, noting that they use the endings of the First and Second Declensions already familiar to you. The Near Demonstrative this (one), these (ones) Masculine Feminine Neuter Singular nominative genitive dative accusative Plural nominative genitive dative accusative 1) All 4 nominatives of the masculine and feminine lack the initial tau (), and have rough breathings. 2) The neuter nominative and accusative ending () follows the likeness of the article, rather than 2nd Declension nouns. In Greek: In English: English Example: (and all its forms, but always plural by nature) one another We ought to care for one another, while urging one another forward. 3) Every form with an ending containing alpha () or eta () will have an initial diphthong of . 7: Pronouns 86
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Greek Elementary New Testament Jose
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Dedicated to my mentors in Greek H
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5: Adjectives, The Verb “to Be”
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Preface to the First Edition (Under
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1: Reading Greek Aloud 1: Reading G
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1: Reading Greek Aloud Additional N
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1: Reading Greek Aloud Consonants a
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1: Reading Greek Aloud Should the E
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1: Reading Greek Aloud Digging into
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1: Reading Greek Aloud Drills and E
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1: Reading Greek Aloud 13 beta gamm
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Understanding Verb Parsing The arro
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expressing internal aspect. In Engl
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Please note carefully that three di
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3) Middle Voice Finally, you will o
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Verbs with Roots ending in Short Vo
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Verbs Without Connecting Vowels (μ
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Digging into the New Testament Text
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Exercises I. Short Answer Doing exe
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9) 10) 11) 12) Solutions to Exe
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Page 53 and 54: Tagged Sentences Angels D crowns P
Page 55 and 56: Mrs. Davis pondered a coyote in the
Page 57 and 58: The Dative Case The dative case in
Page 59 and 60: Original. But shifting the subject
Page 61 and 62: The Vocative: The whole sentence is
Page 63 and 64: wordlist code: 1773. Go back to App
Page 65 and 66: II. Memorizing the Endings for It
Page 67 and 68: IV. Parse For each of the following
Page 69 and 70: But how do we know which particular
Page 71 and 72: 2) CRUCIAL CONCEPT: Greek nouns are
Page 73 and 74: Chapter Four Vocabulary Adverbs: (T
Page 75 and 76: III. Add Articles: For each of the
Page 77 and 78: Now, let’s modify each of the nou
Page 79 and 80: Summary of the Positions of the Adj
Page 81 and 82: Word Order for Predicate Nouns and
Page 83 and 84: meek (ones); the merciful (ones)].
Page 85 and 86: Note: Many of these rst declension
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Page 89 and 90: cases depending on which prepositio
Page 91 and 92: Prepositions (2) Allowing Three Cas
Page 93 and 94: But while most prepositional phrase
Page 95 and 96: New Testament Exploration Phil. 1:1
Page 97 and 98: Exercises I. Short Answer 1) Of wha
Page 100 and 101: 7: Pronouns 7: Pronouns Easing the
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Page 106 and 107: 7: Pronouns The Uses of (forms of)
Page 108 and 109: 7: Pronouns Digging Deeper into the
Page 110 and 111: 7: Pronouns Exercises I. Short Answ
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Page 115 and 116: Diagramming Co-Ordinate and Sub- Or
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Page 119 and 120: Greek Particles One of the most int
Page 121 and 122: Chapter Eight Vocabulary A signican
Page 123 and 124: μ 8: Conjunctions eye place heav
Page 125 and 126: 6) μ μ μ μ
Page 127 and 128: 1) In each of the translations of t
Page 129 and 130: In the PASSIVE versions of #’s 3
Page 131 and 132: The Forms of the Present Passive fo
Page 133 and 134: een called Deponent verbs because t
Page 135 and 136: Exercises I. Short Answer 1) In wha
Page 138 and 139: 10: Imperfect Tense 10: Imperfect T
Page 140 and 141: 10: Imperfect Tense If a verb begin
Page 142 and 143: 10: Imperfect Tense contraction bet
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11: The Future Tense 11: The Future
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11: The Future Tense In other words
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11: The Future Tense Integrating Pr
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11: The Future Tense The Future Ten
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11: The Future Tense 143 The “no-
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11: The Future Tense 145 1st PrinPa
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11: The Future Tense 147 2) The end
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11: The Future Tense Suppletive (
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11: The Future Tense The Future Pas
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11: The Future Tense 153 1st PrinPa
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11: The Future Tense Interpretive M
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11: The Future Tense Chapter Eleven
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11: The Future Tense 3) Working wit
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12: Aorist Tense 12: Aorist Tense T
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12: Aorist Tense The Formation of t
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12: Aorist Tense The Personal Endin
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12: Aorist Tense 167 1st PrinPart (
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12: Aorist Tense Comparison of Impe
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12: Aorist Tense 171 “I knew”
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12: Aorist Tense A Review of the Te
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12: Aorist Tense the Parts of Speec
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12: Aorist Tense 177 3) Working wit
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12: Aorist Tense III. Synthetic Sen
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Nouns love (5) , angel (3) br
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Verbs [] I love (10) [] I draw, l
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slave, servant (8) gift (3) []
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child (3) again (4) always (4) +
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The declension of stem a prophet
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Third Declension The 3rd declension
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The declension of , , stem , a king
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The declension of μ small, is as
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The declension of μ μ μ great, i
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The declension of , having been d
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The declension of , this, is as f
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The declension of the reexing prono
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The rst principal part of the conju
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The fourth and fth principle parts
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The rst principle part of the conju
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The rst principle part of the conju
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Verbs: Future and Aorist of Liquid
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The third principle part of μ, I g
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The third principle part of μ, I p
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The third principle part of μ, I s
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Verbs: Conjugation of The conjugat
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Elementary New Testament Greek, 2014a

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