Elementary New Testament Greek, 2014a

Chapter Eight Vocabulary
A signicant portion of our instruction regarding conjunctions and particles needs to
be housed right here in our vocabulary list. Several additional pieces of information
are best connected directly to the words in question.
Co-Ordinate Conjunctions
The following conjunctions can join one main (independent) clause to another,
without subordinating either. [This list contains most such conjunctions occurring
100x or more in the GNT.]
Sub-Ordinate Conjunctions
Greek is a varied and resourceful language, capable of expressing the same idea in
several different ways. The following conjunctions have been organized according
to the type of dependent clauses they introduce. As you will see, we are limited by
our knowledge (at this point in our study of Greek) to the Indicative Mood. [This list
contains most such conjunctions occurring 100x or more in the GNT.]
Adverbial Clauses
if
Introduces a conditional
clause:
If you know what should be
done, then just do it!
and
but
or
The workhorse conjunction of the GNT. Its sense is often
additive (and). Tool Exploration (below) we will discover
a far wider range of possible meanings and functions.
(When repeated before two successive elements, best
translated as “both….and…”
= “Both the apostles and the
teachers…”)
A strong adversative, often setting elements into extreme,
or mutually exclusive contrast.
Expresses a disjunction (a presentation of alternatives: x
or y). (When repeated before two successive elements,
best translated as “either….or….”
= “Either the apostles or the teachers…”)
though
as
as
when
while
Introduces a concessive
clause:
Introduces a comparative
clause:
Introduces a comparative
clause:
Introduces a temporal
clause:
Introduces a temporal
clause:
Though she suffers much pain,
she always helps others.
They are preaching the Gospel
as they were taught.
They are preaching the Gospel
as they were taught.
When we arrived at the camp,
we were warmly welcomed.
While we were eating, a terrible
storm arose on the lake.
and, but
therefore,
then
Can signal either a simple continuation (and) or a contrast
(but). Only the context can determine just which sense
it will bear. This conjunction is post-positive. That is, it
never appears as the rst word in the clause it introduces.
(It is usually the second word, and occasionally the third
word.)
Often used in an inferential sense, moving what has just
been stated to introduce a logical conclusion. Also used to
introduce the next event, or a new topic. This conjunction
is post-positive.
where Introduces a local clause:
because
Introduces a causal
clause:
A re broke out in the hotel
where they were staying.
They never tried to escape,
because they feared the
consequences.
for
Used in a causal sense (which may involve a sense of
explanation or reason). This conjunction is post-positive.
8: Conjunctions
104